专利信息

正一种抗菌自洁陶瓷釉料及其制备方法本发明适用陶瓷釉料技术领域,提供一种抗菌自洁陶瓷釉料及其制备方法,所述陶瓷釉料包括以下组分:高岭土、长石、石英、改性剂、抗菌剂、流变剂、玻璃纤维、粘结剂;本发明中的陶瓷釉料通过改性剂可使得本发明中的陶瓷釉料在原有的基础上具有优良的耐磨性,则可避免陶瓷釉料被刮花,从而使其具有良好的易洁性,则可避免细菌附着停留在陶瓷釉料上;本发明中的流变剂和玻璃纤维的联合使用,使得本发明中的陶瓷釉料消除气孔、针孔、凸坑等缺陷,从而使得其具有良好的自洁能力;则可避免陶瓷釉料在长期使用下易被刮花,避免了灰尘和细菌停留在釉面的刮花处。     

六偏磷酸钠对陶瓷釉料中纳米ZnO分散性的影响

研究了六偏磷酸钠对纳米ZnO在水中和陶瓷釉料中的分散性以及纳米ZnO对陶瓷成品性能的影响.采用沉降实验、粒度分析、釉料流变性、陶瓷成品光泽度、烧成温度测试手段,对含纳米ZnO的水溶液、釉料和陶瓷成品进行表征.结果表明,在实验条件下,纳米ZnO在水中最佳分散条件为0.5%六偏磷酸钠,3.0%纳米ZnO,pH为9.在陶瓷釉料中最佳分散条件为0.5%六偏磷酸钠、4.0%纳米ZnO、pH为9、陶瓷基釉200 mL.以此釉料烧成的陶瓷制品,使光泽度提高7.14%,烧成温度降低约15℃.     

六偏磷酸钠对陶瓷釉料中纳米ZnO分散作用的研究

研究了六偏磷酸钠对纳米ZnO在水体系中和陶瓷釉料体系中的分散作用以及纳米ZnO对陶瓷成品釉面性能的影响.采用沉降实验、粒度分析、釉料流变性、陶瓷成品光泽度和釉料始熔温度测试手段,对含纳米ZnO的水溶液、釉料和陶瓷成品进行了表征.结果表明,在实验条件下,纳米ZnO在水中最佳分散条件为:0.5%六偏磷酸钠,3.0%纳米ZnO,pH为9.在陶瓷釉料中最佳分散条件为:0.5%六偏磷酸钠,4.0%纳米ZnO,pH为9.釉料中含4.0%纳米ZnO的陶瓷制品,光泽度提高5.10%,烧成温度降低约15℃.     

纳米SiO2分散及在釉中应用研究

研究了5种釉料常用分散剂对纳米SiO2在水中的分散性,分析了纳米SiO2对陶瓷成品性能的影响.采用吸光度实验、釉料流变性、陶瓷成品光泽度、白度、烧成温度测试方法,对含纳米SiO2的水悬浮液、釉料和陶瓷成品进行表征.结果表明,在实验条件下,纳米SiO2在水中最佳分散条件为:0.25%六偏磷酸钠,0.5%纳米SiO2 ,pH 为10.在陶瓷釉料中最佳分散条件为:0.5%六偏磷酸钠、1.5%纳米SiO2、pH 为10、陶瓷基釉200 mL.以此釉料烧成的陶瓷制品,光泽度提高17.6%,硬度提高8.16%,烧成温度降低约20 ℃.     

专利信息

一种具有抗菌功能的陶瓷釉料及其制备方法本发明公开了一种具有抗菌功能的陶瓷釉料,由抗菌剂、釉层基料以及减水剂按照质量比9:3:2混合配制而成的釉浆,所述抗菌剂溶液内包括抗菌氧化物、醋酸盐以及螯合剂,所述抗菌氧化物包括氧化锌和氧化银,所述醋酸盐为醋酸锌,与现有技术相比,该种具有抗菌功能的陶瓷釉料及其制备方法,内增加有多种金属氧化物,包括氧化银、氧化锌、氧化钛等,大大增加了釉料曾提的抗菌作用,同时增加氧化铬和氧化铜进一步增加抗菌能力,整个釉料抗菌性能好、抗菌持续性强、陶瓷釉面具有自洁功能以及能有效分解被杀灭的细菌残骸。     

陶瓷坯釉料配方设计及其优化方法研究

针对陶瓷坯釉料配方设计问题,提出以每吨釉料成本最低作为目标函数并建立相应的数学模型,然后将Excel 2003的“规划求解”功能应用于陶瓷坯釉料配方优化设计中,实现了多种因素影响条件下成本最低的陶瓷坯釉料配方设计方案,得到了满意的优化结果。该设计方法使用方便,操作简单,大大提高了工作效率,具有一定的实用和推广价值。     

低钠、低铁钾长石的提纯方法及其优势

本文重点介绍了低钠、低铁钾长石化学成分、提纯的工艺流程、物理特性和在陶瓷墙地砖工业中的特殊应用,还论述了由钾长石制作的陶瓷釉料具有广泛的应用范围,如：陶瓷墙面砖、陶瓷地面砖、卫生陶瓷和瓷器等专用陶瓷釉料。     

陶瓷釉料墨水的研究进展

喷墨打印用釉料墨水作为陶瓷墨水的一个重要分支，因其将釉料与色料一体化，使用方便、成本低，并采用计算机控制可达到智能化，具有图像应用灵活、产品技术先进、可靠性高等突出优点，具有潜在的巨大市场和广阔的开发前景。综合评价了喷墨打印用釉料墨水与传统陶瓷墨水相比的优势，介绍了釉料墨水的制备方法、目前发展所存在的问题，并对喷墨打印用釉料墨水在陶瓷方面的发展作出了展望。     

铁红色陶瓷釉料墨水制备及其性能

利用分散法制备铁红色陶瓷釉料墨水.研究分散剂中十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、羧甲基纤维素钠、聚乙二醇400的不同含量对釉料墨水的粘度和电导率的影响,并测定釉料墨水的流变、表面张力及稳定性.结果表明:制备性能优良的釉料墨水,分散剂中CTAB、羧甲基纤维素钠、聚乙二醇400的含量分别为40wt％、45wt％、15wt％;釉料墨水具有一定的触变性,并具有非牛顿性流体的性质,粘度为40 mPa·s;表面张力随着时间的延长而减小,最终趋向一定值,大小为38.2 mN/m;随着时间的延长,釉料墨水底部沉淀减少,中部稳定性较好,上部的澄清区增加.     

陶瓷墨水的最新发展趋势

本文介绍了陶瓷墨水的研究状态及未来的发展趋势。着重介绍了具有特殊装饰效果的功能陶瓷墨水和水性陶瓷墨水,并讨论了其相关性能及研究要点。实践经验证明,功能性陶瓷墨水和釉料墨水必将成为陶瓷墨水的发展方向,但这些产品的功能要想发挥出来,还需要技术人员在产品的开发过程中解决以下几个问题:稳定的釉料配方,对釉料的物理化学性质及制备工艺过程进行严格的控制;选择合适的分散体系来稳定分散釉料,提高墨水悬浮稳定性能。这样才能保证陶瓷墨水在陶瓷装饰中灵活的应用,让更多的陶瓷企业做出真正仿天然石材质感的瓷砖。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。