La2O3-Mo阴极材料中La2O3稳定性研究

本文采用高温光电子能谱方法对La2O3-Mo阴极及碳化La2O3-Mo阴极材料表面La2O3的化学稳定性进行了研究.实验结果表明,La2O6并不具备文献报道的极好的化学稳定性.材料中的La2O3在高温、真空条件下,其部分晶格氧发生分离.La2O3可以被Mo2C还原成单质La.单质La的结合能高于La2O3的结合能.实验证实单质La3d5/2的结合能为835.96eV,并首次给出La3d3/2的结合能实验数值为852.23eV.     

La2O3对ZrO2-Y2O3-Ta2O5陶瓷材料结构及性能的影响

采用固相合成法在氧化钇部分稳定氧化锆(YSZ)陶瓷材料的基础上引入氧化物Ta2O5以及稀土氧化物La2O3取代部分Y2O3,获得一种新型的La2O3-ZrO2-Y2O3-Ta2O5陶瓷材料。分别利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和STA-449C热膨胀仪对材料的物相组成、微观结构及热膨胀性能进行表征。结果表明,陶瓷材料的主晶相仍为四方相,晶粒尺寸减小,在RT～1200℃温度范围内热膨胀系数有所减小。     

液相等离子喷涂La2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2涂层的组织结构与性能

采用一定化学配比的ZrOCl2·8H2O、YCl3和LaCl3三种盐溶液合成前驱体溶胶作为等离子喷涂液体喂料,制备二元稀土氧化物氧化镧与氧化钇共稳定的氧化锆陶瓷涂层,并测试分析了该涂层的组织结构、高温相稳定性及隔热性能。结果表明,氧化镧与氧化钇共稳定的氧化锆陶瓷涂层具有良好的隔热性能及高温相稳定性。     

等离子喷涂Sc2O3、Gd2O3和Y2O3复合稳定ZrO2热障涂层相稳定性及导热性研究

采用化学共沉淀-煅烧法制备了Sc2O3、Gd2O3和Y2O3复合稳定ZrO2陶瓷原粉,陶瓷原粉经球磨、团聚造粒和烧结处理后得到适于等离子喷涂工艺的热喷涂粉末。测试分析了Sc2O3、Gd2O3和Y2O3复合稳定ZrO2热喷涂粉末微观形貌、流动性及其等离子喷涂涂层的相稳定性及导热性。结果表明Sc2O3、Gd2O3和Y2O3复合稳定ZrO2材料及其等离子喷涂涂层具有优异的高温相稳定性,即使在1400℃热处理500小时依然呈四方相结构、无单斜相出现,涂层热导率比单一Y2O3稳定ZrO2涂层明显降低,Sc2O3、Gd2O3和Y2O3复合稳定ZrO2可以用作新型超高温热障涂层材料。     

镧改性固体催化剂SnO2-WO3/La2O3的制备及其催化性能

500℃焙烧3 h条件下制备了摩尔比nSn∶nW=2∶1,含3.0%(质量分数,下同)La2O3的镧改性固体催化剂SnO2-WO3/La2O3,采用IR分析对其进行了表征。通过改变催化剂用量、30%H2O2用量、反应时间及催化剂重复使用性等因素,系统考察了该稀土改性双金属氧化物催化氧化环己酮合成己二酸的催化性能。实验结果表明,己二酸的适宜合成条件为:100 mmol环己酮,1.25 g催化剂SnO2-WO3/La2O3,50 mL 30%H2O2,回流反应7 h,目的产物己二酸收率达77.7%。SnO2-WO3/La2O3连续使用6次己二酸收率仍可接近40%。     

La2O3对TZM合金烧结坯组织与性能的影响

采用粉末冶金法制备TZM-La合金板坯,以Mo粉、TiH2、ZrH2、稀土氧化物La2O3和石墨粉为原料,钢模压制和1 900℃高温烧结。用扫描电镜和能谱分析研究第二相粒子对TZM-La板坯组织性能的影响。结果表明,添加La2O3后,板坯晶粒明显细化,致密度提高,韧性得到显著改善。     

Y2O3和La2O3对金属陶瓷内衬显微硬度和耐蚀性的影响

研究了钇、镧等添加物对金属陶瓷内衬显微硬度和耐蚀性的影响.结果表明加入Y2O3、La2O3和SiO2可使陶瓷层的孔隙度降低,一定程度上使耐蚀性增加.La2O3对提高陶瓷层性能的效果比Y2O3要好.     

高分子凝胶法制备纳米ZnO/La2O3及光催化性能

以Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O,AgNO3为原料,丙烯酰胺为单体,N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为网络剂,采用高分子凝胶法在550℃下制得纳米ZnO/La2O3.通过XRD物相分析,得知沉积稀土氧化物La2O3的ZnO纳米粒子样品的物相均是六方晶系纤锌矿结构;TEM形貌观察,粒子基本为球形,纳米ZnO/La2O3的平均粒径约为26 nm,红外光谱分析高分子的分解程度,在550℃时分解完全.水溶液中次甲基蓝染料在ZnO/La2O3半导体光催化条件下,pH值为9时,能迅速分解,在降解90 min时,次甲基蓝的降解率达到81%.     

固体氧化物燃料电池La0.7Sr0.3Cr0.5Mn0.5O3-δ-SDC复合阳极性能研究

利用溶胶-凝胶法制备了La0.7Sr0.3Cr0.5Mn0.5O3-δ(LSCM)阳极粉体。X射线衍射(XRD)分析结果显示,在1000℃下焙烧4 h处理后,粉体为单一的钙钛矿相结构。应用单向压力成型方法、空气中1450℃下烧结8 h制备了Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9(SDC)为电解质片,应用丝网印刷方法在SDC电解质两侧分别涂覆La0.7Sr0.3Cr0.5Mn0.5O3-δ阳极和Pr0.6Sr0.4Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ-SDC(PSCF-SDC)复合阴极,组成电解质支撑型固体氧化物燃料单电池。扫描电镜(SEM)观察显示,制备的电解质致密,阳极和阴极孔隙大小分布均匀,阳极厚度约为20μm,阴极厚度为10μm。用湿氢气作燃料,在800℃下获得的最大输出功率为232.84 mW/cm2,短路电流为919.84 mA/cm2。为了提高LSCM阳极材料催化活性,阳极中掺入少量SDC构成复合阳极。La0.7Sr0.3Cr0.5Mn0.5O3-δ-10%SDC复合阳极的单电池输出功率明显提高,最大输出功率为340 mW/cm2。     

固体酸La2O3-Ga2O3/硅胶的研制及其催化合成丙酸异丁酯

采用自制固体酸La2O3-Ga2O3/硅胶为催化剂催化丙酸与异丁醇进行酯化反应合成了丙酸异丁酯,并采用IR分析对催化剂进行了表征。催化剂的制备条件为La2O3∶Ga2O3∶硅胶=5∶20∶75(质量比),500℃焙烧2 h。考察了催化剂用量、醇酸物质的量比、反应时间、带水剂种类和催化剂的重复使用性等因素对酯化率的影响。结果表明,适宜的反应条件为0.20 mol丙酸,催化剂用量1.00 g、醇酸物质的量比1.8,反应时间90 min,酯化率可达98.2%。     

Preparation of La（OH）3 and La2O3 with Rod Morphology by Simple Hydration of La2O3

Lanthanum hydroxide with rod-like morphology was synthesized with simple hydration processing via the hydration of its bulk oxide in normal water solution at boiling temperature. An XRD pattern shows the formation of the hexagonal phase of La（OH）3, indicating that the hydration process is very rapid. The as-prepared La（OH）3 is almost entirely with a needle- or rod-like shape with a width of 2 - 3 μm and a length of 5 - 8 μm. The mechanism of the formation of La（OH）3 with rod-like morphology was preliminarily presented. It is easier to expand the simple hydration process on a large scale than the hydrothermal process.     

La2O3掺杂纳米W粉致密化行为与性能

采用溶液燃烧合成法制备了La₂O₃掺杂纳米钨（W）粉,分析了La₂O₃掺杂纳米W粉的致密化行为及La₂O₃对纳米W粉致密化行为的影响,研究了烧结后合金的显微组织形貌、导热性能及显微硬度。结果表明,La₂O₃会显著抑制纳米W粉的致密化速度,纯W粉在1350 ℃烧结后的相对密度可达到96.2%,而La₂O₃掺杂纳米W粉在1500 ℃烧结后的相对密度仅为95.0%。在1500 ℃烧结后的La₂O₃掺杂W合金的晶粒尺寸为0.57 μm,比纯W粉烧结合金的晶粒尺寸小一个数量级,因此其导热性能也较纯W粉烧结合金有所降低,但是显微硬度得到显著提升。     

La2O3对含B2O3无氟连铸保护渣物理性能的影响

针对含B2O3无氟保护渣抑制晶体析出的问题,研究了当保护渣碱度(CaO/SiO2)等于0.9,成分为wCaO27％～36.47％、wSiO230％ ～ 40.5％、wAl2O34％、wMgO5％、wNa2O0.8％、wLi2O％、wB2O34％时,wLa2O3从0增加到20％对无氟结晶器保护渣结晶性能及渣膜传热的影响.试验表明La2O3能够提高保护渣的渣膜厚度,提高其结晶率和结晶温度,降低熔渣的熔化温度,从而有效提高控制结晶器传热的能力.     

High Temperature Chemical Reaction of La2O3 in H3BO3 -C System

The high temperature chemical reaction process of La2O3 in H3BO3-C system was studied by means of XRD and TG-DTA.The results showed that dehydration reaction of H3BO3 occurred in the temperature range of 82～390 ℃;La2O3 and B2O3 reacted to form LaB3O6,LaBO3,and B4C in the temperature range of 836～1400℃;at 1450 ℃,B4C and LaBO3 further reacted to form LaB4,and partial LaB4 and B reacted to form LaB6;at 1500 ℃,LaB4 and B reacting into LaB6 was the main reaction,and the content of LaB6 increased with prolonging time.     

Combustion synthesis and stability of nanocrystalline La2O3 via ethanolamine-nitrate process

Pure nanocrystalline La2O3 powders were successfully prepared by the combustion method.The effect of ethanolamine-to-nitrate ratio on phase composition and crystallite size of the combustion products was systematically investigated.Pure hexagonal La2O3 powders were almost formed in stoichiometric reaction(ψ=1.15),while metallic La phase was obtained in fuel-rich conditions(ψ≥3.0).The as-synthesized hexagonal La2O3 was found to be chemically unstable in ambient air since a complete transformation to hexagonal La(OH)3 was detected after 24 h exposure to air.The resulting hexagonal La(OH)3 showed an excellent ability to remove water pollutant and could nearly remove 100% of the Congo red at room temperature with a removal capacity of 143.5 mg Congo red/g.The phosphate adsorption data on hexagonal La(OH)3 agreed well with the Langmuir model with the estimated maximum adsorption capacity of 57.8 mg/g.     

CaO-La2O3-B2O3-Eu2O3转光玻璃的合成及荧光性质

X射线衍射研究表明CaO-La2O3-B2O3-Eu2O3体系的玻璃化温度在1025℃附近.荧光光谱和ESR谱研究表明,在CaO-La2O3-B2O3-Eu2O3玻璃体系中存在着Eu2+和Eu3+两种价态离子. 316, 360, 379, 394, 413, 462和532nm锐线激发峰和592,616和650红区发射峰分别对应Eu3+的f-f激发跃迁和5D0-7FJ (J=1,2,3)跃迁发射;351nm和427nm宽带激发峰和蓝区发射分别对应Eu2+的5d-4f激发跃迁和发射.