LTE中基于发送分集的预编码

MIMO技术是LTE中采用的关键技术之一,本文研究的基于发送分集的预编码技术就是MIMO技术中的一种方案。本文对LTE中使用的2发射天线和4发射天线的基于发送分集的预编码方案进行了推导,并对其性能进行了仿真,将其与空时分组码方案进行了性能比较。推导结果表明LTE中基于发送分集的预编码方案与2根发射天线的空时分组码的编码原理相同。仿真结果表明在两根发射天线情况下,空时分组码的误码率性能和预编码方案相同;在4发射天线的情况下,空时分组码的误码率低于预编码方案,但预编码方案的传码率要高于空时分组码。     

协方差反馈时空时编码系统的线性预编码设计

本文讨论了在空间相关的多输入-多输出(MIMO)系统中利用发射端已知的信道协方差矩阵最优设计线性预编码矩阵的问题。推导出最优的预编码矩阵的方向与发射相关矩阵和空时编码的结构相关,而最优的功率分配方案与发射相关矩阵、接收相关矩阵和空时编码都相关。仿真结果表明本文推导出的最优功率分配方案的性能优于平均功率分配和单方向波束形成方案。     

一种自适应MIMO信号发射与检测方法研究

无线通信中的多天线(MIMO)技术是提高系统容量的主要方法,在慢衰落信道下可以将接收端获得的信道信息(CSI)反馈到发送端以提高系统的性能.传统的反馈-预编码方案奇异值分解(SVD)法但受空间相关特性和传统VBLAST系统对收、发天线数目要求的影响而限制了它在实际系统中的应用.该文提出一种自适应多天线传输方案,其采用了统一信道参数反馈模型和空时分组编码(STBC),实现了一种可以用于各种空间相关特性和各种收、发天线数的多天线传输方案可以克服SVD方案的以上缺点.文中仿真也验证了该系统的接收天线可以比发射天线少,并且能够在高相关性信道下工作.     

基于格规约辅助的MIMO系统GMD-TH预编码方案

现有的GMD-TH(Geometric Mean Decomposition-Tomlison Harashima)预编码方案在发射端未对获得MIMO(Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output)信道增益矩阵优化,因而其误码率和分集增益无法获得令人满意的效果.为此,在原有MIMO系统GMD-TH预编码的基础上,提出梁种基于格规约辅助的GMD-TH预编码方案.该方案采用基于格规约的算法对信道矩阵进行优化,经过优化的信道矩阵其列向量之间具有更好的正交性并且向量的长度更短,并且采用优化的信道矩阵提高了GMD-TH预编码MIMO系统的分集增益.仿真结果表明:相比于传统的线性预编码方案,该预编码方案有效地提高了MIMO分集增益,相同误码率下,信噪比降低3dB以上,具有实用价值.     

基于循环延迟分集的分组预编码和空时频编码技术

该文提出一种把循环延迟分集应用在分组线性预编码的新方案。该方案首先应用循环延迟分集来虚拟一个多径时延扩展的信道,在此基础上应用分组线性预编码以获得频率分集增益。该方案的译码复杂度相对较低,可以针对不同的信道模型有相应的编码方案,至少能获得与空时编码同样的分集增益M(M为发射天线数),且信道估计相对简单,不降低传输码率。该方案结合空时分组码可构造出新的空时频编码方案。仿真结果表明,该方案具有良好的译码性能。     

四发天线DSTTD编码系统性能分析

在无线通信系统中,适合多输入多输出(MIMO)天线技术的空时编码技术能够明显地提高系统的容量,改善无线通信系统的性能。文章在空时分组码(STBC)基础上,对四发射天线DSTTD编码系统进行了编译码介绍,并进行了误码性能的仿真,最后得出结论。     

存在反馈延迟的短波MIMO预编码系统设计

利用基于码本的预编码MIMO技术去提升短波通信的空间分集增益,短波天波信道利用电离层的一次或多次反射进行远距离通信,信号传播延时较大,为了消除反馈延时对预编码MIMO系统性能的影响,文中基于Kalman滤波器提出一种信道估计与预测模型,自适应地跟踪短波时变信道,接着根据ITS短波时变信道模型提取信道时域特征,估计出预测模型参数,通过与传统无信道预测的预编码方案进行对比,方案能够有效降低反馈延迟对短波MIMO预编码系统性能的影响。     

一种多用户多中继MIMO通信系统迭代预编码方案

该文针对多中继MIMO通信系统多用户传输时的用户间干扰问题,提出了一种可以有效抑制多用户干扰的发射端与中继端迭代预编码的方案。该方案首先在中继端进行多中继联合的迫零预编码,然后将基站与多用户之间等效为一个点到多点的MIMO信道,采用最大化信漏噪比的预编码方法,在发射端进一步消除用户间的干扰,同时避免了噪声放大的影响,进而通过中继端预编码与发射端预编码的多次迭代,更好地保持了多中继并行传输引入空间分集所带来的性能优势,有效地抑制了用户间干扰,获得了更高的系统和容量。     

空时编码技术在OFDM系统中的研究

正交频分复用（OFDM）技术是一种多载波调制技术,其子载波之间相互正交,可以高效地利用频谱资源。空时编码是一种用于多发射天线的编码技术,该编码在多根发射天线和各个时间周期的发射信号之间能够产生空间域和时间域的相关性,从而使接收机克服多入多出（MIMO）信道衰落和减少发射误码率。这两种技术的结合,实现了最大分集增益,误码性能得到很好改善,而且具有系统实现复杂度低的特点。     

MIMO BC中新的TH预编码方法

针对多用户MIMO广播信道下预编码技术提出了发射端配置两根天线的改进T H预编码方案。该方法突破了传统TH预编码方案发射天线与接收天线数量的限制,并且得到 了很好的分集和复用增益。仿真结果表明,所提算法在容量上接近理论容量界,且当误码率 为10-2时,所提方案相比单天线THP有9 dB的增益。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.