锯齿尾缘叶片对轴流风机气动噪声及性能的影响

以OB-84型动叶可调轴流风机为研究对象,采用大涡模拟和FW-H声学模型对锯齿尾缘动叶风机进行了数值模拟,探讨了不同锯齿长度的尾缘对风机气动噪声、压强脉动及性能的影响,并分析了其流场特征和降噪机理。结果表明:锯齿尾缘可明显降低风机的中低频段噪声和流道中气流的压强脉动强度,锯齿长度越大,其影响越明显;锯齿尾缘增强了尾流区的流动掺混,改变了动叶尾缘脱落涡结构,形成了2层整齐的"梳状"流向对涡,由此降低了风机的气动噪声;模型A、模型B和模型C均可以在设计流量或小流量下提高风机效率,以模型A提升最明显,但在大流量下性能均低于原风机。     

基于鸮翼特征的曲线形尾缘锯齿翼型气动噪声研究

受到鸮类“静音飞行”的启发,将猫头鹰羽毛特有的曲线锯齿结构应用到三角形锯齿齿边,设计曲线形尾缘锯齿翼型,探究仿生锯齿结构的降噪潜力。以NACA0018翼型为原型翼型,通过大涡模拟（LES）与FW-H声类比方程相结合的方法,分析原型翼型、仿生曲线形锯齿尾缘翼型和传统三角形锯齿尾缘翼型的气动声学特性。结果表明,仿生曲线形锯齿尾缘翼型在声指向分布的所有方位角的总声压级均有降低,相比于传统的三角形锯齿尾缘翼型,噪声值最高能降低3.77 dB。压力脉动云图和流向速度的湍流波动分布结果表明,仿生曲线形锯齿可有效抑制尾缘附近的压力脉动,显著减小齿中部的湍流波动,从而降低翼型的气动噪声。     

锯齿尾缘风力机叶片气动及噪声性能研究

为理解锯齿尾缘风力机的气动噪声原理和气动性能,以NREL Phase VI风力机的锯齿尾缘仿生叶片为研究对象,在7 m/s风速工况下,采用分离涡和FW-H方程模拟相结合的方法进行仿真,获得并对比5个叶片展向位置的压力系数和声信号声压指向性。研究表明,在叶片吸力面靠近叶尖的尾缘区域,风力机原型相比于锯齿型出现了明显的分离现象;锯齿型叶片声压级在前缘处较大,尾缘处次之;锯齿结构改变了壁面分离模式,使流场得到改善,降低了风力机噪声的声压级,提高了叶片的气动性能,同时也说明了风力机叶片前缘与尾缘是噪声集中产生的位置。研究结果能够为风力机降噪提供重要的理论依据。     

仿生叶片在离心风机上应用的数值分析

为了探究仿生叶片对离心风机气动性能、流场和声场的影响,将波形前缘、锯齿尾缘和表面凹坑3种仿生结构应用在离心风机叶片上,并对其流动和噪声辐射进行了数值计算.结果表明:表面凹坑结构抑制了叶片吸力面上的分离流,提升了离心风机的全压和效率,但蜗壳壁面附近的压力脉动幅值增大,最终使噪声不降反增0.85 dB;锯齿尾缘型风机虽然做...     

非对称锯齿结构对叶片气动声学性能的影响

为降低水平轴风力机叶片的气动噪声,受鸮类静音飞行能力的启发,提取鸮类翅膀羽毛的非对称锯齿结构,并重构于风力机叶片尾缘处。采用大涡模拟（LES）和FW-H方程对改型叶片和原型叶片的流场及声场特性分别进行研究。同时通过改变非对称锯齿尾缘的结构参数,以探究不同锯齿夹角、锯齿宽度和锯齿间距对非对称锯齿尾缘的降噪效果的影响。结果显示：非对称锯齿尾缘具有较好的降噪效果,尤其是在低频和中频区域,总声压级最多可降低10 dB。当锯齿夹角分别为30°、40°和50°时,随着锯齿夹角的增加,噪声声压级在多数方位角下呈增加的趋势;锯齿宽度分别为10、12.5和15 mm时,随着锯齿宽度的增加,噪声声压级在多数方位角下明显降低;锯齿间距的改变,对0°方位角下的噪声声压级影响显著。而从涡分布图中可发现,非对称锯齿尾缘未改变叶片表面涡脱落的位置,但会减小涡结构和涡强度,增大涡间距,从而抑制噪声的产生。     

弧形锯齿尾缘对叶片气动噪声影响及机理的研究

以弧形锯齿尾缘叶片为研究对象,同时设置三角形锯齿尾缘和直尾缘叶片作为参照组,采用大涡模拟结合声类比方程的方法,对比分析不同攻角下3种叶片的声压级指向性、噪声频谱特性。通过分析3种叶片周围涡结构,进一步对弧形锯齿尾缘所特有的声学机理进行研究。结果表明：同三角形锯齿一样,弧形锯齿结构并未改变叶片声压级指向性呈偶极子分布的规律;弧形锯齿尾缘有效降低中高频段的噪声,低频段降噪效果不明显;锯齿结构影响尾缘处展向涡的发展,进而对叶片气动噪声产生影响,且弧形锯齿尾缘对尾部涡结构的影响程度大于三角形锯齿尾缘。     

齿形襟翼结构尾缘轴流风机性能仿真研究

以某两级动叶可调轴流风机为例,采用大涡模拟(LES)对不同齿长的齿形襟翼结构下的风机性能、涡结构和气动噪声进行了计算,分析了其内流特征、噪声源分布和降噪机理。结果表明：齿形襟翼可有效提升风机性能,且全压增幅与齿长成反比;齿形襟翼风机全压效率最高点向大体积流量侧移动,运行高效区变宽;随着齿长的增加,齿形襟翼的静压均值呈现先减小后增大的趋势,其中方案4的静压均值较原风机下降402 Pa,高频降噪最为显著;齿形襟翼可降低湍流脉动强度,尾迹涡的大小和分布区域减小,同时前缘分离涡数量也减少;齿形襟翼尾缘处产生了2对反向对称涡,其相互作用强烈,能量耗散加快,是齿形襟翼结构尾缘能降噪的主要原因。     

锯齿襟翼尾缘叶片对轴流风机气动噪声的影响

以某双级动叶可调轴流风机为对象,对其动叶片开展齿形襟翼尾缘结构改型。采用雷诺时均方程和k-ε湍流模型及大涡模拟对改型前后的风机性能进行了数值计算,分析了齿形襟翼不同齿长对风机性能、气动噪声及内流特征的影响及内在机理。结果表明：齿形襟翼可大幅提升风机性能,且全压增幅与齿长成反比;采用齿形襟翼后,风机效率峰值向大流量侧偏移,运行高效区增宽;〖JP2〗齿形襟翼可显著降低风机高频噪声,平均降噪量达13 dB;齿形襟翼改善了动叶尾涡结构,降低了叶中及叶根尾缘处能量耗散,影响了尾流逆压梯度区分布,减小了反向对涡核心区的二次回流强度,降低了风机气动噪声;齿长为0.8%弦长的齿形襟翼在改善效率、全压和降噪方面综合性能最优。     

尾缘相对齿高对仿生叶片性能影响的研究

利用Fluent软件对基于NACA0018翼型的锯齿尾缘仿生叶片在雷诺数Re=6×105下的三维流场进行了数值模拟,对比研究尾缘锯齿的相对齿高h/λ对叶片气动特性与边界层发展的影响规律。分别选取尾缘锯齿相对高度h/λ为0.5、1.0和1.5,着重分析12°攻角下尾缘锯齿相对高度对仿生叶片近尾缘的涡分布影响。研究表明:当叶片绕流流场出现大尺度分离涡结构时,尾缘锯齿将改变原NACA0018叶片表面流动结构的周期性,对叶片的气动特性产生显著的影响,随相对高度h/λ的增大,仿生叶片的气动性能越接近原始叶片;尾缘锯齿能延迟边界层分离,延迟效果随h/λ的增大而增强;锯齿尾缘能抑制边界层增厚,使叶片尾缘噪声降低。研究12°攻角下的近尾缘涡分布发现,尾缘锯齿间的压力差形成锯齿间的涡和吸力面上的反向旋转涡对,受两者共同影响,叶片近尾缘处的流场分布发生变化,进而影响气动特性。     

轴流通风机仿生降噪方法

对采用锯齿尾缘和波浪前缘2种结构的叶片进行数值模拟,研究其对轴流通风机的降噪效果。针对不同齿高、不同齿数的锯齿尾缘叶片和波浪前缘锯齿尾缘叶片,采用雷诺平均法和分离涡模拟方法计算其流场,并采用FW-H声学类比方程计算其声场。结果表明：在所研究工况范围内,波浪前缘锯齿尾缘叶片比锯齿尾缘叶片降噪效果更好,且二者对全压效率影响不大;对于锯齿尾缘叶片,总声压级随齿高和齿数的增加均有所减小,齿数多时降噪效果较好;波浪前缘锯齿尾缘叶片的总声压级小于原叶片,因而波浪前缘锯齿尾缘组合应用于轴流通风机叶片上的降噪效果比单一的锯齿尾缘叶片和波浪前缘叶片更优。     

Numerical and experimental study on aerodynamic performance of small axial flow fan with splitter blades

To improve the aerodynamic performance of small axial flow fan, in this paper the design of a small axial flow fan with splitter blades is studied. The RNG k-ε turbulence model and SIMPLE algorithm were applied to the steady simulation calculation of the flow field, and its result was used as the initial field of the large eddy simulation to calculate the unsteady pressure field. The FW-H noise model was adopted to predict aerodynamic noise in the six monitoring points. Fast Fourier transform algorithm was applied to process the pressure signal. Experiment of noise testing was done to further investigate the aerodynamic noise of fans. And then the results obtained from the numerical simulation and experiment were described and analyzed. The results show that the static characteristics of small axial fan with splitter blades are similar with the prototype fan, and the static characteristics are improved within a certain range of flux. The power spectral density at the six monitoring points of small axial flow fan with splitter blades have decreased to some extent. The experimental results show sound pressure level of new fan has reduced in most frequency bands by comparing with prototype fan. The research results will provide a proof for parameter optimization and noise prediction of small axial flow fans with high performance.     

Effect of the uneven circumferential blade space on the performance of small axial flow fan

Effects of the uneven circumferential blade space on static characteristics and aerodynamic noise of a small axial flow fan are studied in this work.The blade angle modulation is adopted to design a series of unequally spaced fans,which have different maximum of modulation angular displacement.The steady flow is simulated by the calculations of Navier-Stokes equations coupled with RNG k-epsilon turbulence model,while the unsteady flow is computed with large eddy simulation.According to theoretical analysis,a fan with a maximum of modulation angular displacement of 6° is regarded as the optimal unequally spaced fan.The experiment of static characteristic is carried out in a standard wind tunnel and the aerodynamic noise of both fans is tested in a semi-anechoic room.Then,performances of the optimal unequally spaced fan are compared with those of the prototype fan.The results show that there is reasonable agreement between the simulation results and the experimental data.It is found that the discrete noise of the optimal unequally spaced fan is lower than that of the prototype fan at the near field monitoring point.This can be explained that the total pressure fluctuation of the optimal unequally spaced fan is much more regular than that of the prototype fan.     

An improved prediction model of vortex shedding noise from blades of fans

The main source of the noise of an axial flow fan is the fluctuating pressure field on blade surfaces caused by the shedding of vortices at the trailing edge of blades. An analytical model to predict the vortex shedding noise generated at the trailing edge of blades of axial flow fans was proposed by Lee in 1993. In this model, for mathematical convenience, an idealized vortex street is considered. However, the agreement between the analytical results and the experimental data needs to be improved because of the simplification about the Karman vortex street in the wake of blade. In the present study, a modified model is proposed based on the prediction model by Lee. The boundary layer theory is used to analyze and calculate the boundary layer development on both the pressure and the suction sides of blades. Considering the effect of boundary layer separation on the location of noise source, the predicted overall sound pressure level compares favorably with the experimental data of an axial fan. In the calculation of A-weighted sound pressure level (L_A), considering the effect of static pressure on radiate energy, the predicted broadband noise with the modified model compares favorably with the experimental data of a multiblade centrifugal fan.     

Influence of tip end-plate on noise of small axial fan

In this work, tip end-plate is used to improve the noise performance of small axial fans. Both numerical simulations and experimental methods were adopted to study the fluid flow and noise level of axial fans. Four modified models and the prototype are simulated. Influences of tip end-plate on static characteristics, internal flow field and noise of small axial fans are analyzed. The results show that on basis of the prototype, the model with the tip end-plate of 2 mm width and changed length achieved best noise performance. The overall sound pressure level of the model with the tip end-plate of 2 mm width and changed length is 2.4 dB less than that of the prototype at the monitoring point in specified far field. It is found that the mechanism of noise reduction is due to the decrease of vorticity variation on the surface of blades caused by the tip end-plate. Compared with the prototype, the static pressure of the model with the tip end-plate of 2 mm width and changed length at design flow rate decreases by 2 Pa and the efficiency decreases by 0.8%. It is concluded that the method of adding tip end-plate to impeller blades has a positive influence on reducing noise, but it may diminish the static characteristics of small axial fan to some extent.     

Numerical and experimental investigation on aerodynamic performance of small axial flow fan with hollow blade root

To reduce the influence of adverse flow conditions at the fan hub and improve fan aerodynamic performance,a modification of conventional axial fan blades with numerical and experimental investigation is presented.Hollow blade root is manufactured near the hub.The numerical and experimental results show that hollow blade root has some effect on the static performance.Static pressure of the modified fan is generally the same with that of the datum fan,while,the efficiency curve of the modified fan has a different trend with that of the datum fan.The highest efficiency of the modified fan is 10% greater than that of the datum fan.The orthogonal experimental results of fan noise show that hollow blade root is a feasible method of reducing fan noise,and the maximum value of noise reduction is about 2 dB.The factors affecting the noise reduction of hollow blade root are in the order of importance as follows: hollow blade margin,hollow blade height and hollow blade width.The much smoother pressure distribution of the modified fan than that of the datum fan is the main mechanism of noise reduction of hollow blade root.The research results will provide the proof of the parameter optimization and the structure design for high performance and low noise small axial fans.     

Effect of inlet guide vanes on the performance of small axial flow fan

Effects of the inlet guide vanes on the static characteristics, aerodynamic noise and internal flow characteristics of a small axial flow fan are studied in this work. The inlet guide vanes with different outlet angle are designed,which are mounted on the casing and located at the upstream of the impeller of the prototype fan. Both steady and unsteady flow simulations are performed. The steady flow is simulated by the calculations of Navier-Stokes equations coupled with RNG k-epsilon turbulence model, while the unsteady flow is computed with large eddy simulation. According to the theoretical analysis, the inlet guide vanes with outlet angle of 60° are regarded as the optimal inlet guide vanes. The static characteristic experiment is carried out in a standard test rig and the aerodynamic noise is tested in a semi-anechoic room. Then, performances of the fan with optimal inlet guide vanes are compared with those of the prototype fan. The results show that there is reasonable agreement between the simulation results and the experimental data. It is found that the static characteristics of small axial flow fan is improved obviously after installing the optimal inlet guide vanes. Meanwhile, the optimal inlet guide vanes have effect on reducing noise at the near field, but have little effect on the noise at the far field.     

Noise reduction for centrifugal fan with non-isometric forward-swept blade impeller

To reduce the noise of the T9-19No.4A centrifugal fan, whose impeller has equidistant forward-swept blades, two new impellers with different blade spacing were designed and an experimental study was conducted. Both the fan’s aerodynamic performance and noise were measured when the two redesigned impellers were compared with the original ones. The test results are discussed in detail and the effect of the noise reduction method for a centrifugal fan using impellers with non-isometric forward-swept blades was analyzed, which can serve as a reference for researches on reduction of fan noise.     

Analysis of aerodynamic noise generated from inclined circular cylinder

IntroductionThe public attention to environment' has beenincreased in these days, and noise reduction of ventilationfan is extremely needed more than ever. We must reducethe generated noise and control the resources of thediscordant one. Recently, aerodynndc noise problems,e.g. wind-pass sound from high-speed mobiles, noisefrom cooling fan, are increased rapidly. Manyexperimental studies have been reported tO contfol thegenerated noise, and numerical prediction of aerodyntricsound (CAA; Comp…