绿色公共建筑项目中暖通空调节能设计浅析

随着资源的日益匮乏,能源节约已经越来越受重视。对于建筑节能来说,绿色建筑已经成为当今世界发展的主流。想要达到降低建筑能耗目的,从《绿色建筑评价标准》来看,与暖通空调专业相关的内容在绿色评价体系中占有相当大的权重。依据《绿色建筑评价标准》,分别在控制项、一般项、优选项三个评价方面,针对与绿色公共建筑中的暖通空调专业相关的评价指标进行讨论,意在为暖通空调在绿色建筑中的应用提供一些指导。     

太阳能在绿色建筑中的应用浅析

经济的发展拉动了人们物质生活追求,导致大量的能源加速消耗。可再生能源中太阳能是最易获得的能源之一,其光电、光热、照明功能被大量应用于现代绿色建筑中。本文主针对太阳能系统在绿色建筑中的应用进行浅析。     

可再生能源与传统能源在绿色建筑中协同应用实证研究

绿色建筑是建筑未来发展的方向,以山东为例回顾了绿色建筑的发展历程,阐述了绿色建筑的内涵,介绍了我国绿色建筑的评定等级。重点以山东烟草大厦为例,对在绿色建筑中,如何将可再生能源与传统能源协同应用的问题进行了探讨,综合比较了初投资与运行费用,得出了一些新的认识,这对于深入推进多能互补系统在绿色建筑中的应用有一定的参考价值。     

光伏并网发电设备的安装调试

光伏并网发电系统是在太阳的照射理下，将太阳电池组件产生的能量通过逆变器，将直流电变换成交流电向负载直接提供电能。光伏并网发电系统是绿色无污染的新型可再生能源，是传统化石能源的最为重要的替代能源之一。它对减少大气污染具有积极的作用，并有明显的节能、环保和社会效益。因此它的应用在世界范围内得到了高度重视。     

论风电项目工程建设中的全过程控制

能源是经济发展的物资基础、人类生存的基本要素，现在主要依靠化石燃料如石油、天然气和煤炭等，但是这些资源燃烧产生的大量二氧化硫、二氧化碳导致全球环境恶化，并且不具有可再生性。目前世界对于新能源的开发提出了政策性的指导，太阳能、风能、潮汐能、水能等作为可再生绿色能源深受青睐，我国已经确立了以可再生能源替代化石能源的思路，并将逐步提高替代能源在能源结构中的比重，风能作为技术最成熟和经济可行的清洁能源，也已成为替代能源焦点。     

浅谈大规模液流储能电池材料发展

能源是国民经济可持续发展和国家安全的重要基础。随着经济的快速发展,人类对能源的需求量日益增加,而化石能源的大量消耗所造成的环境压力却日益突出。节约化石能源、研究开发和大规模利用可再生能源成为世界各国能源安全和可持续发展的重要战略,因此,新能源产业特别是可再生能源产业将会成为今     

基于环境扰动与生态补偿的绿色建筑评价体系

绿色建筑、生态建筑毫无疑问是建筑行业当前的"大势所趋",绿色建筑评价体系对设计、建设以及使用绿色建筑起到指明方向的作用。首先介绍了国内外绿色建筑评价体系的发展现状,经过对各类评价体系的对比与分析,指出当前的评估体系在对建筑和地区的适用性、对生态和周边人群的公平性等方面有待优化,最后提出评价体系必须考虑的几个方面,并由此建立了新的基于环境扰动与生态补偿的绿色建筑评价体系,为完善我国绿色建筑评价体系提出可行性建议。     

绿色电信建筑评价标准探讨

建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会是我国工业化、现代化发展策略的重要目标。电信建筑作为电信业务的基础设施,提供了设备空间和管理空间。但在绿色建筑的发展上仍处于较为空白的阶段。为此,本文对比了国内外有关绿色建筑评价标准的研究现状,从节地与室外环境、节能与能源利用、节水与水资源利用、节材与材料资源利用、室内环境质量和运营管理等六个方面进行了详细的讨论,给出了绿色电信建筑的一些评价标准和评价方法,为绿色电信建筑评价标准的建立提供了参考。     

上海2014年建筑节能补贴开始申报

2014年上海建筑节能示范项目专项扶助资金补贴申报工作最近开始。申报范围为:绿色建筑,新建高标准建筑节能示范项目、公建改造和可再生能源建筑应用等。其中,高标准建筑节能示范项目:综合能耗节能率必须满足70%要求。可再生能源与建筑一体化项目:对太阳能光热建筑一体化项目,     

试析绿色建筑评价标准在设计中的应用

未来建筑行业将向着绿色、节能、环保的方向发展,而绿色建筑的标准也会渗透到设计环节中,从而为建筑打下一个良好的基础。本文主要分析绿色建筑评价标准在设计环节中的应用,希望本文的观点能够为建筑行业带来一些帮助。     

Centring radiological protection on today's global challenges in energy, climate change, environment and health--with nuclear energy playing a key role

The climate change issue includes meeting the growing demand for electricity while reducing the impacts from energy sources. Applying carbon capture and storage technology to fossil fuel energy and increasing renewable energy pose greater challenges than increasing nuclear energy. International Energy Agency's (IEA) electricity demand of 30 000 TWh by 2030 can be met with 10 000 TWh each from renewable, nuclear and fossil fuel energy. However, the ill-imposed very strict control of tiny public exposure to ionising radiation from nuclear energy continues to pose a serious hindrance. Effort needs to be re-balanced to produce an even-handed control of public exposure with emphasis on the most significant sources (i.e. natural background radiation and medical use) and vice versa. The on-going revision of the International Atomic Energy Agency Basic Safety Standards (BSS) provides an opportunity to achieve this internationally so that national regulations can be subsequently remediated. There can be no urgency in a BSS revision that fails to encompass such perspective.     

Energy policy shifts towards sustainable energy future for Malaysia

As a developing country, Malaysia’s prosperity and welfare depends heavily on having access to reliable and secure supplies of energy. As a result, the country’s future energy requirements have become a policy priority in recent years. Energy is essential for human life, and a secure and accessible supply of energy becomes important for the modern societies. Fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas are currently the world’s primary energy sources and continue to provide energy source to the world. These energy sources have depleted in reserves in recent years and they can also cause irreparably damage to the environment such as global warming and climate change. These environmental concerns can be addressed, to some extent, through more sustainable solutions such as the use of renewable energy resources. In Malaysia, the economic and environmental impacts of fossil fuels use have become hard to ignore. The government has introduced and implemented policy measures to address concerns surrounding the use of fossil fuels and to promote energy efficiency and renewable energy use. In this paper, we review the historical evolution of Malaysian energy policies and initiatives designed to secure diverse energy sources and avoid over-reliance on fossil fuels. In recent years, Malaysia has been catching up with global call to shift to renewable energy use and is now putting a focus on renewable energy in its future energy mix. The paper also discusses challenges and concerns over the future of sustainable energy of the country.     

减排二氧化碳发展低碳经济首先要重视节约使用化石能源

分析了能源消费和经济发展的规律,可再生能源的特点、大量开发利用存在的技术瓶颈和减排二氧化碳的效果,认为我国能源消费总量正处在持续增长期,未来40年内可再生能源不可能成为我国的主要能源,化石能源仍将是我国能源的主体,提出减排二氧化碳、发展低碳经济,要首先重视节约使用化石能源。归纳了我国化石能源开发利用取得的成就和存在的问题,提出了节约使用化石能源的对策,一是确定比较合理的GDP增长速度,建立化石能源消费总量控制指标体系;二是建立化石能源加工利用过程全寿命周期能效及二氧化碳排放的评价方法,通过不断优化提高化石能源利用效率;三是从我国化石能源资源状况出发,研究建立符合国情的低碳现代化生活消费模式;四是充分利用财政税收政策和行政手段鼓励和强制节能;五是加强节约使用化石能源的技术、材料、产品的研究开发和推广应用;六是加大资金投入,实现化石能源的优化利用和节约使用。     

Sustainable energy and environmental impact: role of renewables as clean and secure source of energy for the 21st century in Jordan

In this article, present and future energy consumption, electricity demand, potential of renewable energy sources and national energy policy in Jordan are presented. The related environmental impacts are discussed from the sustainable development point of view, including the future role of renewable energy sources. Jordan is a net energy importing country, with almost 96% of its annual needs relying on imported crude oil and refined products from neighboring Arab countries. Due to increasing fossil fuel combustion to meet growing national energy demand, especially electricity generation, air pollution is becoming an important issue in urban areas. Profound cuts in current emission rates, including carbon dioxide, are possible at a bearable cost, and that the government must now invest in low carbon options because of the long lead in time of some technologies. A great deal more could be done to improve energy efficiency, and new and renewable energy schemes should be advocated on different levels. To achieve this, all obstacles including institutional barriers to investment in renewable technologies and national energy plan need to be addressed urgently. Thus, the government is invited to create a Sustainable Energy Unit, which will coordinate government cross-departmental thinking and provide adequate information to the public and to private investors.     

中国风能发展战略研究

2008年2月中国工程院启动中国能源中长期(2030、2050)发展战略研究重大咨询项目,项目设置6个课题,根据可再生能源课题的安排,风能组的工作是在"中国可再生能源发展战略研究"的基础上,进一步摸清风能资源家底,从战略的角度对风能市场、产业、技术和应用进行综合分析,提出我国风能中长期发展的战略目标、技术路线、发展重点和政策措施。文章简要介绍了研究的结果。     

Technology assessment for clean energy technologies: The case of the Pacific Northwest

This study presents a technology assessment for clean power generation in the Pacific Northwest. Our goal is to incorporate clean production principles into the evaluation process for power alternatives. Two types of technologies are considered: one is for a renewable energy source (wind) and the other is for a traditional, fossil fuel based energy source (coal). The Analytical Hierarchy Process is used to assess the feasibility of both the wind energy and clean burning coal energy technologies. Criteria such as location, cost, feasibility, and availability are used for evaluations. For the wind energy, cost was determined to be the most important criterion when making a technology decision. For the SO₂ emissions technology, the regenerative process was determined to be the best technology to scrub SO₂ emissions from the air. Additionally, efforts towards renewable energy in Oregon should continue. Both federal and state governments offer tax credits that can help mitigate costs and facilitate the adoption of renewable energy options for power companies.     

A non-autonomous optimal control model of renewable energy production under the aspect of fluctuating supply and learning by doing

Given the constantly raising world-wide energy demand and the accompanying increase in greenhouse gas emissions that pushes the progression of climate change, the possibly most important task in future is to find a carbon-low energy supply that finds the right balance between sustainability and energy security. For renewable energy generation, however, especially the second aspect turns out to be difficult as the supply of renewable sources underlies strong volatility. Further on, investment costs for new technologies are so high that competitiveness with conventional energy forms is hard to achieve. To address this issue, we analyze in this paper a non-autonomous optimal control model considering the optimal composition of a portfolio that consists of fossil and renewable energy and which is used to cover the energy demand of a small country. While fossil energy is assumed to be constantly available, the supply of the renewable resource fluctuates seasonally. We further on include learning effects for the renewable energy technology, which will underline the importance of considering the whole life span of such a technology for long-term energy planning decisions.     

The causal relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth: evidence from Europe

The European Union Renewable Energy Directive sets an objective of increasing the renewable energy share of the used renewable energy in the EU by 2020. The objective of this study is to analyze and compare the short-run and long-run relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth in 12 European Union countries and to derive implications for renewable energy policy. To do so, we apply panel vector error correction model using the available annual data from 1990 to 2014 on 12 European Union countries. Moreover, Granger causality test is conducted to examine whether there exists any causal linkage between economic growth and renewable energy consumption. The findings indicate the presence of unidirectional causality running from economic growth to renewable energy consumption in the short run. However, in the long run, a bidirectional causal relationship between the variables in question exists.     

自然通风技术在绿色建筑中的应用实践

论文介绍自然通风原理,自然通风效果评价指标,自然通风应用技术手段及应用局限性。通过实际的自然通风应用技术案例,分析了自然通风在建筑中的应用效果对今后自然通风技术应用也提出展望。     

Green energy?

The UK gets nearly all its energy from the fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas etc.) and nuclear power, approximately 15% being consumed in the form of electricity. It is now well known that the burning of fossil fuels is accompanied by atmospheric pollution in the form of acid rain, ozone depletion and the greenhouse effect. Renewable energy sources, e.g. wind, solar, tidal, wave, hydroelectric and geothermal power do not at present contribute significantly to the UK energy supply and are also accompanied by adverse effects on the environment. The best hope for meeting future energy needs may lie in containing energy consumption, increased generation efficiency and an expanded nuclear power programme. The author discusses the problems of acid rain and the greenhouse effect and describes several forms of renewable energy: wind energy, solar energy, tidal power, wave power, hydroelectricity, biomass geothermal power and nuclear power