端胺基聚氨酯/环氧树脂胶粘剂的固化反应特征及其反应动力学研究

采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了含有柔性链和刚性结构单元的端胺基聚氨酯(ATPU)对环氧树脂E-44固化反应过程特点和反应过程动力学的影响。结果表明,固化剂(ATPU)的掺加量对环氧树脂E-44固化反应过程有显著的影响,随着ATPU的增加,固化放热量增加。当ATPU的掺加量为1.6时,固化反应放热量达到最大值。固化温度研究表明,ATPU/E-44固化体系的等温固化起始温度和最高温度分别为121℃和177℃。固化反应的动力学研究表明,ATPU/E-44胶粘剂固化反应的表观活化能为81.8kJ/mol;固化反应的级数为1.3。     

管道修复用聚氨酯胶粘剂的研制

研制了一种能够在潮湿环境下固化的管道修复用双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂.采用DSC监测了其固化反应过程,并进行了耐水性测试.结果表明,该胶粘剂固化反应放热297.4 J/g,固化温度86.49℃;在(22±1)℃下水中浸泡15 d后,剪切强度减小2.2 MPa.该胶粘剂具有良好的耐水性.     

DSC法研究聚异氰酸酯/环氧树脂胶粘剂的固化反应动力学及固化工艺

采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了聚异氰酸酯/环氧树脂的固化过程,研究了不同配比对固化反应的影响、固化度与固化温度的关系,计算了固化反应表观活化能和反应级数,确定了聚异氰酸酯/环氧树脂胶粘剂的固化工艺。结果表明:胶粘剂中固化剂的含量对环氧树脂的固化反应过程有显著的影响,随着聚异氰酸酯含量的增加,固化放热量增加。当聚异氰酸酯的含量达到1.2份时,固化反应放热量达到最大值;在不同升温速率下,体系固化温度有很大差异,随着升温速率的提高,固化温度升高。通过动力学计算得到体系最佳固化温度为108℃,固化时间为6—8h,固化体系的活化能为43.31kJ/mol,反应级数为1.17。     

DSC法研究聚异氰酸酯／环氧树脂胶粘剂的固化反应动力学及固化工艺

采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了聚异氰酸酯／环氧树脂的固化过程,研究了不同配比对固化反应的影晌,固化度与固化温度的关系,计算了固化反应表观活化能和反应级数,确定了聚异瓤酸酯／环氧树脂胶粘剂的固化工艺。结果表明:胶粘剂中固化剂的含量对环氧树脂的固化反应过程有显著的影响,随着聚异氰酸酯的增加,固化放热量增加。当聚异氰酸酯的含量达到1．2份时,固化反应放热量达到最大值;不同升温速率下,体系固化温度有很大差异,随着升温速率的提高,固化温度增加。通过动力学计算得到体系最佳固化温度为108℃,固化时间为6-8h,固化体系的活化能为43．31kJ／mol,反应级数为1．17。     

光热双重固化胶粘剂的热固反应动力学研究

采用非等温示差扫描量热法对光热双重固化胶粘剂的热固化性能以及固化动力学进行了研究。根据Kissinger,Ozawa及Crane方程结合n级反应模型和自催化反应模型计算得到固化反应动力学参数。结果表明,紫外光处理后胶粘剂体系的特征固化温度下降。n级反应动力学模型与实验值相比存在较大差别,而自催化反应模型能够较好地与实验值吻合,并能较好地描述紫外光处理前后胶粘剂体系的热固反应过程,解释了紫外光处理降低固化反应温度的机理。     

UV固化有机硅/丙烯酸酯复合树脂

<正>北京化工大学以烷羟基硅油、丙烯酸为原料,采用酯化反应直接合成出UV固化的有机硅/丙烯酸酯复合树脂。该复合树脂具有良好的耐温变性能、抗老化性能好、电绝缘性能优良、固化时间短(<35 s)、制造成本低且反应过程容易控制,因此,可作为胶粘剂     

高分子异氰酸酯胶粘剂的固化过程与性能评价研究

高分子异氰酸酯胶粘剂固化过程中的反应会对其结构造成影响,为此研究高分子异氰酸酯胶粘剂的固化过程与性能评价,降低其固化反应影响.采用双酚A二缩水甘油醚(E-51)和二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)为主要原料制备高分子异氰酸酯胶粘剂样品,通过红外光谱仪和差式扫描量热仪分析其在不同固化温度下的固化反应,评价其黏度、剪切性能、T剥...     

新型环氧树脂胶粘剂的固化动力学研究

在不同升温速率下采用非等温差示扫描量热（DSC）技术对一种新型改性环氧树脂胶粘剂的固化反应过程进行了跟踪,并利用Kissinger、crane方程以及Arrhenius方程对该固化反应进行了动力学分析。结果表明,该固化反应的活化能为59.18kJ／mol,反应级数为0．89;结合Dsc谱图确定其固化工艺为130℃／1h＋150℃／2h＋175℃／3h。     

API固化反应过程的特性研究

使用不同性能的多官能度异氰酸酯作为水性高分子异氰酸酯(API)胶粘剂的交联固化剂,当主剂与交联固化剂混合均匀时,考察了不同种类羧基丁苯(SBR)胶乳及不同性能的交联固化剂对胶粘剂在固化过程中的黏度、胶接剪切强度和固化速率的影响,探索了API胶粘剂的固化反应机制,并且利用差示扫描量热(DSC)法研究了API胶粘剂的固化反应速率随温度变化的规律。研究结果表明,SBR-1的适用期达到2h,最大剪切强度为5.5 MPa;交联固化剂的种类是影响API胶粘剂适用期和胶接性能的重要因素,环境温度和胶液调配后的放置时间是影响API胶粘剂固化反应速率的重要因素。     

环氧树脂/聚酰胺/DDM体系的固化行为及力学性能

通过非等温DSC法及拉伸性能测试研究了4,4'-二氨基二苯基甲烷(DDM)用量对环氧树脂/聚酰胺651体系的固化反应的影响,计算了固化反应的表观活化能和反应级数,确定了其胶粘剂体系的固化工艺参数。结果表明,胶粘剂中DDM的质量分数达到14%(以环氧树脂质量为基准)时,固化反应放热量达到最大值。固化体系的活化能为53.654 kJ/mol,反应级数为0.895。最佳起始固化温度为40℃,峰值温度为85℃,终止温度为120℃,体系的拉伸强度提高了约50%。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Novel polyurethane coating technology through glycidyl carbamate chemistry

Glycidyl carbamate chemistry combines the excellent properties of polyurethanes with the crosslinking chemistry of epoxy resins. Glycidyl carbamate functional oligomers were synthesized by the reaction of polyfunctional isocyanate oligomers and glycidol. The oligomers were formulated into coatings with several amine functional crosslinkers at varying stoichiometric ratios and cured at different temperatures. Properties such as solvent resistance, hardness, and impact resistance were dependent on the composition and cure conditions. Most coatings had an excellent combination of properties. Studies were carried out to determine the kinetics of the curing reaction of the glycidyl carbamate functional oligomers with multifunctional and model amines. Detailed kinetic analysis of the curing reactions was also undertaken. The results indicated that the glycidyl carbamate functional group is more reactive than a glycidyl ether group. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, on October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Highly moisture-proof polysilsesquioxane coating prepared via facile sol-gel process

A highly moisture-proof polysilsesquioxane coating was obtained from a new bis-silylated precursor, which was synthesized from 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and m-xylylene diisocyanate (m-XDI) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) and verified by ¹H MAS NMR. For direct comparison purposes, an SiO₂ coating was also prepared by the Stöber method using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as the reactant. Interestingly, the coating obtained from the polysilsesquioxane sol exhibited a much higher moisture resistance capability than its counterpart, which was attributed to its more compact feature between nanoparticles as characterized by N₂ absorption experiment and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, its high transparency of about 92% showed potential for application in the protection of optical crystals.