吴起油田注气混相驱油的研究与分析

提高原油的采收率在油田的开发利用过程中是一个永久的话题,它贯穿在油田的开发过程中。注气的方式提高的采收率是一种的应用的相当好的提高的采收率方法,因为的注气效果的受到的很多的油藏条件的限制,所以在注气的之前的将注气候选的油藏的筛选与评价,是注气的能否的成功关键。     

浅谈高等学校的财务管理

教育的快速发展使得全国的高校不断的增多,对于高校的管理是教育部门的日常工作之一,而其中的财务管理具有着十分重要的意义,对高校的发展具有举足轻重的作用,良好的财务管理的体系有助于提高各大高等院校的办学效率和运营效率。研究主要分析了高校的财务管理包括的主要内容、目前的现状和存在的问题以及提高高校的财务管理的主要策略,希望对高校的财务管理提供一定的积极帮助。     

盾构联系测量

盾构的测量,是一个比较精细的过程,对盾构进行联系的测量,是想提高盾构的测量的精确度,同时也是施工的时候的必要的过程,测量的精确度,测量工具的使用,都?是在盾构的测量的时候的重点。本文就是基于对盾构的结构的分析,对测量的工具和测量的技术进行优化,从而提高测量的精确度。     

屋面防水建筑施工技术探究

在建筑的施工中,我们一直在强调建筑的质量的提高,保证建筑的质量和性能的保证,需要对建筑的施工的技术进行改善。作为建筑施工的主要的构架,施工的技术关系到了施工的质量和施工的效率。我们需要提高施工的技术,本文就主要研究了在施工的时候出现的主要的为他,分析出现这些问题的原因,并提出了改进防水的施工技术的方法。     

浅析公路路基施工工艺中的质量控制要点

公路的施工在现在面临的挑战是非常大的,主要是来自于车辆的行车速度在不断的提升,而且车辆的负荷也在增加,与是同时,车辆的数量也在逐渐的增多,这些因素都给公路的路基和路面带来了很大的影响。目前,公路的路基和路面的质量也在不断的提高,作为公路工程的基础,路基的质量会直接影响公路的使用效果,所以在进行公路施工的时候要对公路的路基的质量进行严格的控制。     

论石油化工设备防火措施

石油化学工业的不断发展,使之成为在国民经济的发展中它可谓是我国的支柱产业之一,在农业的发展、能源的发展、交通业的发展、还有电子机械等各方面的发展中,它都有着无可厚非的作用,同时为人民的生活也提供了服务与方便。但是当我们看到这些璀璨光辉的业绩的时候,我们也不得不考虑它的负面的影响,石油化工产业是一个十分危险的产业,一不小心引发的各种安全问题造成的人民的健康伤害还有财产安全问题是我们所不容忽视的,尤其是爆炸还有火灾,都有着巨大的破坏力,如何有效的预防,减少甚至说可以杜绝这种情况的出现,是每一个人所希望的,也是我们必须做的,本文通过一些常见的化工安全隐患还有引发的原因来探讨如何的有效的预防火灾和爆炸的出现。     

自动化仪器仪表在油田生产节能中的应用

伴随着科学技术的进步,对于工业生产来说,仪器仪表的自动化是发展的趋势,而且仪器仪表的自动化的普及程度在现在来说,是逐渐的增高的。在石油行业之中,自动化的仪器仪表的作用是非常大的,对于节省人力、物力,提升石油行业的工作效率有着明显的效果,但是对于自动化仪器仪表如果进行大量的布置,也会有一定的问题出现,主要的在于会损耗大量的能源,不能够满足我们国家的环保节能的总体的发展的要求。所以,要想对于油田进行长足的发展,就应该在环保节能的仪器仪表的研究方面加强投入,创新出更加合理、科学的建设、装配方案,不仅仅要满足油田的生产的要求,还应该达到环保、节能生产的目标。     

浅析公路路基施工工艺中的质量控制要点

公路的施工在现在面临的挑战是非常大的,主要是来自于车辆的行车速度在不断的提升,而且车辆的负荷也在增加,与是同时,车辆的数量也在逐渐的增多,这些因素都给公路的路基和路面带来了很大的影响。目前,公路的路基和路面的质量也在不断的提高,作为公路工程的基础,路基的质量会直接影响公路的使用效果,所以在进行公路施工的时候要对公路的路基的质量进行严格的控制。     

关于对水平井冲砂技术的研究与应用

随着我国科技水平的不断发展和石油工业的快速进步,我国的油田开采技术水平不断提高,油井技术的应用也越来越广泛。在这些力量的推动下,水平井的技术也是更上了大的台阶。常规的水平井修井的作业技术相对于普通的油井作业会有很大的不同,这主要是因为水平井的井身的特殊性,它的井段开始处是一段斜段,随之是很长的水平段,这就使得整个井筒的轴线是不规则的,因此对于水平井的修井施工作业会相应的复杂,技术应用也会存在一定的要求。本文就是从水平井的冲砂技术出发,对水平井冲砂技术的现状、水平井冲砂工艺的特点以及施工作业的设计应用进行简单的介绍。     

气体钻井施工存在问题及对策措施探究

随着社会经济的发展和科学技术的进步,使得世界能源的消耗总量不断的增加,市场能源的供需矛盾不断的激化。因而如何提升油气田的开采工艺技术的科技含量与油田实际的开采水平越来越备受关注,引发了许多人对这一技术领域的研究与探讨。而油气田的钻井作业目前也被纳入了高投入的行业,随着开采规模的扩大,钻井技术存在的问题越来越明显,尤其是气体钻井技术造成了钻井施工难度的增加,严重影响了油气田开发的进程。给整个油气田的生产带来严重的影响,影响了整个采油企业的社会经济效益的提高和企业的形象的建立。气体钻井的实际应用情况如何,其存在的问题有哪些,如何采取有效的措施来避免和解决存在的这些难题。通过对实际的生产情况进行分析,在分析的基础上对症下药,从而有效地解决问题。以期了解气体钻井的现状及存在的问题,通过掌握气体钻井解决的有效措施为实际中的油气田的钻井开采提供借鉴和指导,有效提高钻井施工的质量,提高企业的社会经济效益,促进钻井技术的整体水平。     

High-strength thermal insulating mullite nanofibrous porous ceramics

Mullite fibrous porous ceramics is one of the most commonly used high temperature insulation materials. However, how to improve the strength of the mullite fibrous porous ceramics dramatically under the premise of no sacrificing the low sample density has always been a difficult scientific problem. In this study, the strategy of using mullite nanofibers to replace the mullite micron-fibers was proposed to fabricate the mullite nanofibrous porous ceramics by the gel-casting method. Results show that mullite nanofibrous porous ceramics present a much higher compressive strength (0.837 MPa) than that of mullite micron-fibrous porous ceramics (0.515 MPa) even when the density of the mullite nanofibrous porous ceramics (0.202 g/cm³) is only around three quarters of that of the mullite micron-fibrous porous ceramics (0.266 g/cm³). The obtained materials that present the best combination of mechanical and thermal properties can be regarded as potential high-temperature thermal insulators in various thermal protection systems.     

多孔陶瓷材料的制备与应用研究进展

介绍了多孔陶瓷材料的特点,综述了近年来国内外在制备多孔陶瓷材料上的新理论、新进展,对多孔陶瓷的制备工艺,特别是原料的选取、成型工艺和成孔工艺进行了分析,并阐述了其在过滤、催化、吸音、保温等方面的应用。     

Lightweight and thermally insulating aluminum borate nanofibrous porous ceramics

Aluminum borate porous ceramics are excellent candidates for high-temperature insulation applications. Current research on aluminum borate-based porous ceramics mainly focuses on porous ceramics made up of aluminum borate whiskers, whose low aspect ratio leads to a relatively dense porous structure; this results in porous ceramics with low porosity and relatively high thermal conductivity. In this study, we report the manufacturing of aluminum borate nanofibrous porous ceramics by an agar-based gel casting method using electrospun nanofibers with a high aspect ratio as the three-dimensional skeleton structure. We explored the effect of the alumina/boron oxide molar ratio on the microscopic morphology and crystal phase composition of the aluminum borate nanofibers and that of the sintering temperature on the micro and macro properties of porous ceramics based on the nanofibers. The results showed that aluminum borate nanofibers with an alumina/boron oxide molar ratio of 7:2 had the densest microscopic morphology, and the corresponding porous ceramics exhibited a higher porosity (91%) and lower thermal conductivity (0.11 W m^?1 K^?1) after sintering at 1200 °C than aluminum borate porous ceramics with aluminum borate whiskers as the skeleton. The successful synthesis of aluminum borate nanofibrous porous ceramics provides new insights into the development of high-temperature insulators.     

High-strength thermal insulating porous mullite fiber-based ceramics

How to improve the strength of fibrous porous ceramics dramatically under the premise of no sacrificing its low density and thermal conductivity has remained a challenge in the high-temperature thermal insulation field. In this paper, a new kind of high-strength mullite fiber-based ceramics composed of interlocked porous mullite fibers was prepared by nanoemulsion electrospinning and dry pressing method. Results show that as to the porous ceramics with the same density (～ 0.8 g/cm³), the three-dimensional skeleton structure composed of porous mullite fibers was much denser than that composed of solid mullite fibers. Therefore, porous mullite fiber-based ceramics exhibited a higher compressive strength (5.53 MPa) than that of solid mullite fiber-based ceramics (3.21 MPa). In addition, porous mullite fiber-based ceramics exhibited a superior high-temperature heat insulation property because the porous structure in fibers could reduce the radiant heat conduction. This work provides new insight into the development of high-temperature thermal insulators.     

绿色多功能材料--多孔陶瓷

多孔陶瓷是一种新型材料,由于其具有较低的热传导等优良性能,而被广泛地应用于众多科学领域.笔者综述了多孔陶瓷的制备工艺、性能及应用,尤其是讨论了多孔陶瓷在各个领域的应用,最后展望了多孔陶瓷的发展前景及今后的发展方向.     

Ultra-low cost porous mullite ceramics with excellent dielectric properties and low thermal conductivity fabricated from kaolin for radome applications

Near-net-shape mullite ceramics with high porosity were prepared from ultra-low cost natural aluminosilicate mineral kaolin as raw material and polystyrene micro-sphere (PS) as pore-forming agent. Microstructure, flexural strength, thermal conductivity and dielectric properties of the ceramics were systematically researched. Results show that the porous mullite ceramics possess fibrous skeleton structure formed by a large quantity of interlocked mullite whiskers, which results in good mechanical properties and low-to-zero sintering shrinkage. Flexural strength of the porous mullite ceramics can be up to 41.01 ± 1.12 MPa, even if the porosity is as high as 62.44%. The dielectric constant and loss tangent of the porous mullite ceramics at room temperature are lower than 2.61 and 5.9 × 10⁻³, respectively. Besides, dielectric constant is very stable with the rising of temperature, and the dielectric loss can be consistently lower than 10⁻² when the temperature is not higher than 800 °C. In addition, thermal conductivity at room temperature is as low as 0.163 W/m/K when the porosity of mullite ceramics is 80.05%. The infiltration of SiO₂ aerogels (SiO₂ AGs) can further decrease the thermal conductivity to 0.075 W/m/K, while has just little effects on the dielectric properties. Excellent mechanical, thermal and dielectric properties show that the porous mullite ceramics have potential applications in radome fields. The porous mullite ceramics prepared from kaolin not only have low cost, but also can achieve near-net-shape.     

Tailoring the pore structure and property of porous biphasic calcium phosphate ceramics by NaCl additive

This study investigated the effects of NaCl additive on the phase composition, pore structure and mechanical property of porous biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramics, which were prepared by freeze-casting. The results indicated that the addition of NaCl promoted transformation of β-tricalcium phosphate to hydroxyapatite in the BCP ceramics; the OH group in HA phase of BCP ceramic was partially replaced by chloride ion. As the mass fraction of NaCl in the slurry increased from 0 to 3%, the porosity of obtained porous BCP ceramics decreased from 77.76% to 60.22%; the average width of dendritic pores increased from 74.37 µm to 111.27 µm; the compressive strength achieved threefold increase. As the amount of NaCl additive reached 4.5%, the porosity, pore width, and compressive strength of the porous BCP ceramics were comparable with those modified by 3% NaCl. NaCl is regarded as an effective additive to tailor the pore structure and property of freeze-cast porous ceramics.     

多孔氮化硅陶瓷透波材料研究进展

多孔氮化硅陶瓷透波材料具有优异的机械性能、耐热性能及介电性能,成为透波材料科学研究领域中的热点之一。本文介绍了多孔氮化硅陶瓷的主要制备技术,并对国内外多孔氮化硅陶瓷透波材料的应用研究进展进行了综述。     

Elastic Properties of Model Porous Ceramics

The finite-element method (FEM) is used to study the influence of porosity and pore shape on the elastic properties of model porous ceramics. Young's modulus of each model is practically independent of the solid Poisson's ratio. At a sufficiently high porosity, Poisson's ratio of the porous models converges to a fixed value independent of the solid Poisson's ratio. Young's modulus of the models is in good agreement with experimental data. We provide simple formulas that can be used to predict the elastic properties of ceramics and allow the accurate interpretation of empirical property–porosity relations in terms of pore shape and structure.     

骨料颗粒与多孔材料显微结构关系的研究

本文阐述了多孔材料的孔隙率与生产工艺的关系 ,结合显微结构分析了骨料粒径及其分布对多孔材料的孔隙率、抗折强度的影响。