纺织面料透气性与防钻绒性的相关研究

主要研究了纺织面料透气性与防钻绒的相关性,研究表明,透气性与防钻绒呈负相关,即透气性好的面料,防钻绒性能差;反之,则防钻绒性能好.研究还发现,透气性在30mm/s以下的面料,防钻绒能达到4级或4级以上.     

免缝合防钻绒面料生产工艺探索

羽绒具有特殊的绒丝结构,蓬松性、保暖性极佳,因此人们在冬季,或者寒冷地带,羽绒制品为首选的防寒保暖服装,广受世界各地人们的喜爱。但由于羽绒制品存在面料钻绒的问题,一直影响其进一步发展。通过对钻绒机理及成因的研究,从工艺上探讨了防钻绒的几种保护措施,并在前人研究基础上开发出了一整套免缝防钻绒的生产工艺。     

织物结构对机织面料防钻绒性的影响

为研究未覆膜/未涂层织物结构中织物组织纱线线密度、经纬纱密度、面料面密度等因素对羽绒面料防钻绒性能的影响,收集12种面料,对织物结构和防钻绒性进行测试,并对测试数据进行了灰色关联分析。得出结论如下：织物组织对织物钻绒性有明显影响,斜纹织物防钻绒性好于平纹;影响平纹织物防钻绒性的结构因素重要性排序为紧度>面密度>经向紧度>经密>经纱线密度>纬纱线密度>纬向紧度>纬密;影响斜纹织物防钻绒性的结构因素重要性排序为经向紧度>纬向紧度>紧度>纬密>面密度>经密>经纱线密度>纬纱线密度;织物紧度对羽绒面料的影响较大,斜纹织物控制羽绒面料紧度在90%左右,有助于提高羽绒面料的防钻绒性。     

无缝格状防羽绒面料一次成形生产实践

探讨一次成形织造技术在防羽绒面料生产中的应用。通过合理的产品尺寸设计、组织结构设计、织造工艺和后整理工艺,实现具有格状填充腔体的无缝防羽绒面料的织造,为家用羽绒制品的开发提供新思路。测试结果表明,所开发的无缝格状防羽绒面料具有一定的防钻绒效果,且透气性能良好。     

织物防钻绒性试验方法研究

织物防钻生试验方法是检测羽绒制品里、面料阻止羽绒外钻性能的方法。尽管我国开展该试验方法的研究时间并不长，但与国外同类方法比较还是较合理、先进的，有必要加以研究。     

防羽面料孔径及分布特征与透气性和防钻绒性的关系

为开发优质防羽面料,探明孔径及其分布特征对防羽面料性能的影响机制,借助多功能孔径测定仪、透气量仪和防钻绒性能测试仪获取10种不同规格防羽面料的孔径、透气率和钻绒根数,分析了孔径及其分布特征与透气性和防钻绒性之间的关系。结果表明:防羽面料的孔径分布符合正态分布的规律,且孔径均值和标准差的相关系数为0.99;在原料和组织结构相同的情况下,防羽面料透气率随着孔径均值的减小而减小;钻绒根数与孔径均值拟合方程的判定系数为0.94,当孔径均值小于8 μm时,面料的钻绒根数低于23根;提出采用透钻比(透气率和钻绒根数的比值)综合评价防羽面料的防钻绒性和透气性发现,透钻比与孔径变异系数呈显著负相关,即孔径变异系数越小,透钻比越大,面料的综合性能越好。     

羽绒服装钻绒机制及其改善措施

针对羽绒服装钻绒的问题,探讨了羽绒服装的钻绒机制,从羽绒纤维形态结构分析其对羽绒服装钻绒性能的影响。研究结果表明:羽绒服装的钻绒情况受面料、羽绒、缝纫质量(缝纫机针、缝纫线、缝纫工艺、缝纫设备)等因素的影响;对影响羽绒服装钻绒问题的因素进行分析,从面料结构设计、羽绒选择、缝纫质量控制(缝纫机针选择、缝纫线搭配、缝纫工艺设计、缝纫设备调整)等方面提出了羽绒服装防钻绒的措施,为指导企业生产符合国家标准规定要求的羽绒服装提供技术支持。     

织物防钻绒性能测试方法研究

织物防钻绒性能测试的方法是将织物制成一定大小的样品袋,充入规定的羽绒填充物,经模拟试验,计数钻出的羽丝、羽毛根数来评定织物防钻绒效果.通过对5种不同织物充入12种不同羽绒填充物的试验结果的分析,研究了织物防钻绒性能的测试方法.结果表明:对于同一织物,填充物含绒量越高,钻绒根数越多.     

羽绒制品防钻绒生产工艺的研究与对策

本文通过介绍羽毛绒钻绒机理,对羽绒制品钻绒的原料成分进行了分析,对生产工艺中如何改善羽绒制品防钻绒性能进行了研究。通过实验分析与探讨,找出防钻绒技术的关键控制点,提出了有效的应对措施。     

细旦合纤长丝中单纤维根数对防羽面料性能的影响

为了研究相同长丝线密度条件下防羽面料如何改善性能的问题,通过对涤纶春亚纺、低弹尼丝纺2类面料的防钻绒性、透气、透湿、撕破、拉伸5种性能的测试与分析,发现:在线密度相同的条件下,随着长丝中单纤维根数的增加,面料的透气性能降低,透湿性能先增加后降低,防钻绒性、撕破、拉伸性能有所改善.     

基于织物透光图像分析评价防钻绒性的方法

为快速、准确、经济地测试织物的防钻绒性能,提出一种采用数字图像处理技术,基于织物透光灰度图像的防钻绒性测试评价方法。利用Photoshop软件放大扫描所得织物的透光数字图像,获取3~5个较大孔隙最亮处的灰度值,通过计算平均透光率,判断织物属于物理防钻绒织物还是化学防钻绒织物;对于物理防绒织物运用MatLab软件按流程图像导入→阈值确定→二值化处理→形态学处理→连通域标记→连通域面积计算对图像进行处理,得到织物的大孔隙频率分布,再与防钻绒织物的极限孔隙分布相比较,以确定织物的防钻绒性能。结果表明:基于织物透光图像的防钻绒性测试评价方法准确可行、简单快捷,而且能节约试验材料。     

无梭织机织造宽幅防羽布几个问题的探讨(下)

为了提高宽幅防羽布的质量,针对片梭织机和喷气织机织造羽绒布出现的经纬纱强力、纬纱退捻、透气防绒和纬向缩率等几个工艺技术问题进行了分析,指出:气流引纬的纬纱强力应比经纱提高5%～10%;筘槽气流场引起的纬纱退捻,对织物边、中部的染色差异有一定的影响;适当控制织物边、中部透气量的差异,可提高防绒效果;同品种对比,喷气羽绒织物的纬向缩率是片梭羽绒织物的1.15倍以上.     

防钻绒性测量不确定度探讨

本文使用GB／T14272—2011附录E对两种试样,4种不同绒进行防钻绒测试,通过对其不确定度的分析,表明纺织品防绒检测中不确定度与防绒性存在一定的线性关系。     

聚乳酸纤维织物服用性能测试与分析

为更好地了解聚乳酸纤维织物的服用性能,提高产品开发的针对性,对相近规格的纯聚乳酸纤维织物、聚乳酸纤维/棉(80/20)混纺织物、棉织物、涤纶织物进行强伸度、透气性、折皱回复性、导湿性、悬垂性、耐磨性、起毛起球性、交织阻力等性能的测试。结果表明:聚乳酸纤维织物具有很好的伸长变形能力;其折皱回复性、导湿性、悬垂性和耐磨性良好;透气性和抗起毛起球性不如棉织物;具有较高的交织阻力,可防止织物产生纰裂。聚乳酸纤维/棉混纺织物由于棉纤维的加入改善了聚乳酸纤维织物的透气性和抗起毛起球性,减小打纬阻力,但织物的折皱回复性、悬垂性和耐磨性有所降低。     

Stab resistance and thermophysiological comfort properties of boron carbide coated aramid and ballistic nylon fabrics

This research presents the stab resistance and thermo-physiological comfort properties of the fabrics prepared from high-performance fibres of aramid (i.e. Kevlar®) and ballistic nylon. The fabric samples were coated with boron carbide to improve the stab resistance properties. The quasistatic stab tests were performed using NIJ 0115.00 standard knife (P1) on the Instron tensile testing machine. The thermo-physiological comfort properties of the fabric samples were evaluated by measuring the air permeability, water-vapour resistance and thermal resistance. It was observed that the application of the coating significantly increased the stab resistance properties of the fabrics. Furthermore, the air permeability was significantly reduced; whereas, the water-vapour resistance and thermal resistance were significantly increased with the application of coating. Hence, the coated fabrics will have to compromise the comfort aspects to achieve the desired protection level, which is the prime requirement for the stab resistant textile materials.     

形状记忆聚氨酯在非织造织物中的应用

应用涂层工艺,将不同浓度的形状记忆聚氨酯涂覆到非织造织物上,制得具有不同聚氨酯含量的形状记忆聚氨酯非织造织物材料,并对处理前后非织造织物的表面结构、形状回复性、折皱回复性、透气透湿性、强伸力等性能进行了测试。实验结果表明:经形状记忆聚氨酯处理后的非织造织物具有很好的形状记忆功能,提高了非织造织物的抗皱性能;当聚氨酯含量较少时,对形状记忆聚氨酯非织造织物的透湿性没有显著影响,但透气性有明显下降。     

The improved breathability of polyurethane coated cotton fabric via micro-cracking

Polyurethane (PU) coating became popular in the last decades to achieve water resistance garment fabrics with enhanced visual properties. But reduced breathability of coated fabric is a setback for clothing industry. This paper represents a facile method of enhancing breathability (air and water vapor permeability) of PU coated fabrics which may be so-called micro-cracking in relevant solvent bath differed in solvent bath, concentration, and duration time. The samples were subjected to air permeability, water vapor permeability, water resistance, and tensile strength measurements and the results were also statistically analyzed. The study showed that the proposed process increased water vapor and air permeability of coated but the permeability values were still significantly lower than that of uncoated sample. This result is also verified through water resistance measurements and; tensile strength of the samples were affected at minimum after micro-cracking.     

Effect of Design and Method of Creating Wicking Channels on Moisture Management and Air Permeability of Cotton Fabrics

Garments made from cotton fabrics can readily absorb perspiration during strenuous activities but give poor performance in terms of wicking and evaporation of the perspiration, resulting in wet sticky feeling to the wearer. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of design and method of creating wicking channels on the moisture management and air permeability of cotton fabrics. The fabric specimens were printed with hydrophobic fluorocarbon finish using four different print designs, each with two different types of printing squeegees. It was found that both the type of print design and squeegee type significantly affect most of the moisture management properties of the fabric. The study concluded that by selecting a suitable print design and squeegee type, moisture management capability of cotton fabrics can be significantly improved without sacrificing the fabric air permeability.