Multimedia Services for Highway Infrastructure Management

Photographic logging systems used by highway agencies provide engineers with information in the analysis of traffic accidents, design improvements, and highway pavement management. However, there exist limitations for such systems in the areas of accessibility, search capability of the image library, and synchronization video data with traditional engineering site data. More important, there are situations in which multiple users may need to examine the video footage at the same time. This capability cannot be provided by current systems. The analog nature of the video signals also presents difficulties in integrating the visual information with other types of data. This paper introduces a type of multimedia service that can be applied in a state highway department environment for highway infrastructure management. This multimedia‐based information system utilizes state‐of‐the‐art technologies in digital video, high‐speed networking, and video server. This paper discusses the requirements of high‐speed networking systems and presents a new computer network that has the potential to become a dominant technology for the transmission of multimedia data. In addition, design concerns regarding the video server and its structure are also discussed. A data‐synchronization algorithm is also presented on how to dynamically display digital video frames with traditional engineering data sets that contain information such as as‐built data, pavement condition and performance, traffic safety, geometric features, and other infrastructure data.     

浅谈长寿命沥青路面

指出长寿命路面是目前高等级公路路面结构选择和设计的新趋势,从结构特点、结构设计和结构损坏模式等方面对长寿命沥青路面进行了详细介绍,并对其进行了经济效益分析,从而促进长寿命沥青路面的研究和应用.     

An Unmanned Aerial Vehicle‐Based Imaging System for 3D Measurement of Unpaved Road Surface Distresses1

Abstract: Road condition data are important in transportation management systems. Over the last decades, significant progress has been made and new approaches have been proposed for efficient collection of pavement condition data. However, the assessment of unpaved road conditions has been rarely addressed in transportation research. Unpaved roads constitute approximately 40% of the U.S. road network, and are the lifeline in rural areas. Thus, it is important for timely identification and rectification of deformation on such roads. This article introduces an innovative Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)‐based digital imaging system focusing on efficient collection of surface condition data over rural roads. In contrast to other approaches, aerial assessment is proposed by exploring aerial imagery acquired from an unpiloted platform to derive a three‐dimensional (3D) surface model over a road distress area for distress measurement. The system consists of a low‐cost model helicopter equipped with a digital camera, a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver and an Inertial Navigation System (INS), and a geomagnetic sensor. A set of image processing algorithms has been developed for precise orientation of the acquired images, and generation of 3D road surface models and orthoimages, which allows for accurate measurement of the size and the dimension of the road surface distresses. The developed system has been tested over several test sites with roads of various surface distresses. The experiments show that the system is capable for providing 3D information of surface distresses for road condition assessment. Experiment results demonstrate that the system is very promising and provides high accuracy and reliable results. Evaluation of the system using 2D and 3D models with known dimensions shows that subcentimeter measurement accuracy is readily achieved. The comparison of the derived 3D information with the onsite manual measurements of the road distresses reveals differences of 0.50 cm, demonstrating the potential of the presented system for future practice.     

沥青路面冷再生施工工艺研究

随着中国特色社会主义经济的不断发展,中国的公路事业也向前迈了一大步。现在沥青路面应用最多的一种就是沥青路面冷再生技术。本文着重从整个施工过程中阐述了冷再生技术的应用,对这项技术应该注意的事项进行了积极探讨。     

Detection of critical road roughness sections by trend analysis and investigation of driver speed interaction

Pavement roughness (IRI—International Roughness Index values) influence the stability of traffic movements both on intercity roads and urban roads. This study is to determine the exact locations of critical pavement roughness values that affect traffic motion stability and comfort in city centre highway arteries. Roughness data with 10 m intervals were collected on a 3140 m divided road containing three consecutive signalized intersections in the city centre arterial. These data were analysed using the distance-dependent Mann-Kendall trend analysis method and checkerboard model. The sections where roughness is important were determined at a 95% confidence interval. The results will show where future pavement improvements should be prioritized for municipalities and road maintenance engineers and will form a basis for the urban road management system.     

浅谈乡间道路沥青路面的质量保证措施

对当前乡间道路沥青路面施工现状进行了分析，简要概括了乡间道路沥青路面容易产生质量问题的几个原因，从结构设计、施工方法、管理程序、日常养护四个方面入手，提出了保证乡间道路沥青路面质量的四种措施。     

谈农村公路路面平整度不佳的原因

针对农村公路平整度不佳的情况进行了调查研究,分析了路基及路面平整度不佳的原因,并探讨了平整度不佳对道路,车辆及公路费用的影响,指出施工人员应加强现场管理,完善工艺和施工方法,以提高路面工程质量。     

浅谈高速公路养护新技术

对于高速公路,安全舒适的铺装路面和耐久性构造设计,是一个非常重要的课题。然而,由于路基层上面雨水长时间滞留,基层以下的沥青混凝土出现剥离现象。因此,针对高速公路铺装的构造诊断的非破坏评价方法,国外利用搭载研制的FWD(Falling Weight Deflectometer)装置的车辆进行路面构造诊断。     

市政道路水泥混凝土路面病害处理分析

现代城市道路路面结构以水泥混凝土居多,城市道路路面安全受到多种因素的影响,一旦发生城市路面病害现象将直接影响人们的正常生产生活秩序,保障城市道路安全畅通是一项关系各方利益的重要工作,本文针对市政道路水泥混凝土路面病害的处理问题进行分析探讨。     

浅析沥青路面裂缝成因和防治措施

针对裂缝对沥青路面造成的危害,分别研究了荷载裂缝、温度裂缝及沉降裂缝产生的原因,提出了相应的修补方法,从而减少道路病害,提高道路通行质量,为行车安全提供有力保障.     

市政道路混凝土路面病害成因分析及施工应对策略探讨

混凝土路面具有承载力大、强度高、稳定性好、使用寿命长等优点，在我国城市道路得到了广泛应用。然而，裂缝、碎裂、坑洞等病害已经使得诸多道路路面遭受损害。本文结合实例，分析了处理措施。     

基于面层渗透系数的路表水渗入率设计

根据对渗入率设计指标的分析,一定损坏状况的路面渗透系数是影响路表水渗入率大小的关键。为此,本文经过对透水面层下设透水层的渗流理论的分析,建立了该种条件下的渗入率设计模型,并根据测试数据标定了模型参数,确定了不同养护等级的渗入率计算方法。     

浅析各种工业废渣筑路性能

指出工业废渣用于道路的铺筑既可以改进道路的路用性能,又可减少环境污染,具有重大的经济效益、社会效益和环境效益,文章主要分析了粉煤灰、电石渣、煤矸石、水泥锶渣等工业废渣的筑路性能及特点,以促进工业废渣在道路工程中的应用。     

沥青路面平整度质量控制

详细论述了在洛阳市新区景观大道建设工程中为控制路面平整度所采取的措施。介绍了沥青路面平整度施工的质量控制及组织管理方面的方法。工程实践证明,道路平整度是路网整体服务水平的重要技术指标,也是路况、道路综合质量的主要因素。     

沥青路面微表处技术应用研究

在结合工程实践,借鉴国内外相关研究成果的基础上,开创新的研究内容和研究方法,对微表处所用的材料及微表处混合料设计进行了详细研究,并对微表处改善路面表面功能进行了分析和总结,为微表处的设计与施工提供技术指导。     

谈级配碎（砾）石路面的铺设

指出级配碎（砾）石路面是公路常用的路面结构形式之一,广泛应用于交通量较小的二级及以下各级公路,特别是县、乡公路的建设中,根据技术规范,在总结多年施工经验的基础上,提出这种路面结构的施工技术要点,以确保路面施工质量。     

浅谈城市道路“白改黑”反射裂缝控制技术

针对城市道路水泥混凝土路面改造成沥青混凝土路面（俗称“白改黑”）的反射裂缝问题,介绍了“白改黑”旧路处理方法及旧路碎石化的沥青层补强设计,分析了不同破损程度的“白改黑”道路改造中反射裂缝的控制技术。     

城市道路沥青路面损坏调查及分析

通过对浦东新区一城市道路沥青路面状况的详细调查,描述了沥青路面的损坏方式,分析了产生的原因。最后提出了城市道路在设计和施工中应着重注意的几个问题,并建议在路面施工中应提高沥青压实度标准,在路基施工中应注意采取切实措施确保沟浜回填质量。     

Cultural Heritage of Roads and Road Landscapes: Classification and Insights on Valuation

Over time roads and their surroundings gained historic and cultural significance. This significance is oftentimes acknowledged and numerous roads and road infrastructure objects with their surrounding environment are listed and protected. Notwithstanding this, it is necessary to note that the ways in which roads, their surrounding environment, and adjacent objects can manifest heritage values, can be complex, and are not limited to historic roads or historic road landscapes. Different categories of these ways can be distinguished: road landscape can be recognized as cultural heritage, cultural heritage objects functionally related or unrelated to the road can exist in its surrounding environment, and roads can also be treated as cultural heritage objects in landscape. Understanding the dimensions of the cultural heritage of roads and road landscapes and analysing its values can be important not only to the environmental, technological, and cultural history, but also to the future-oriented heritage management and territorial planning fields. The article is aimed to present a framework for analysing the cultural heritage of the automobile roads and road landscapes consisting of the system for its classification and of identification of factors determining its cultural value and the categories of economic value it can provide. Assessment possibilities of these values are also shortly discussed.     

城市沥青路面的压实度控制

分析了沥青面层在道路结构层中的作用,介绍了评价沥青路面压实度的三种方法,论述了沥青混凝土面层的碾压程序和方法,并提出了施工中的有关注意事项,以确保城市道路的整体功能。