一种基于DiffServ的IP电话QoS实现方案

如何为IP网络中的业务提供QoS保证正成为lP技术所要解决的关键问题。文中基于Diffserv提出了一种IP电话QoS方案，并对其基本思想及实现方法作了详细介绍。该方案将不同的分组数据包设置成不同的优先级，其中系统控制分组数据包优先级最高，语音分组数据包次之，普通数据分组数据包最低，使得系统控制分组和语音分组数据包的平均等待时间缩短。研究结果表明，对不同数据包进行优先级设置是改善IP电话QoS的一种可行方法。     

一种自适应调整抖动缓冲区大小的算法

在利用IP电话进行语音通话时,话音的QoS(Quality of service)是衡量IP电话好坏的重要指标.为了提高IP电话的QoS,当前已经提出了很多提高语音QoS方面的策略,其中比较著名的方案有:IntServ/RSVP(集成服务/资源预留),DiffServ(区分服务)、MPLS(多协议标签交换协议)等.中文主要是基于语音的接收端,设计一种自适应调整抖动缓冲区的大小的一种算法,从而消除语音时延抖动,提高语音通话质量.     

基于RTP协议栈提高IP电话QoS的几种策略

该文从调度策略和缓冲区管理角度出发,提出了企业级IP电话网关提高IP电话QoS的几种策略,并详细论述了这几种策略在RTP协议栈中的设计与实现。     

提高IP电话服务质量QoS的技术实现

服务质量QoS是评价一个系统性能的基本的方法,在分析网络服务质量的基础上,系统分析了帝际设计中的IP电话系统中提高QoS的方法。     

广域网络上实现IP电话的思考

详细介绍了广域网上组建IP电话系统的组成体系、QoS保证和拨号规则。     

VoIP中为提高语音质量所采用的关键技术

VoIP(Voice over IP)即IP电话,是将话音编码、压缩转换成数据包,在IP网络中进行传输的技术。为应对传统电话公司的竞争,IP电话的语音质量成为决定其未来命运的关键因素。该文首先介绍了几个界定QoS的参数和目前评价IP电话业务语音质量的三种模型：MOS模型、PSQM模型、E模型,然后重点介绍了在终端和网络上提高VoIP语音质量所采用的一些关键技术,应用于终端的技术中比较重要的是语音的编码与压缩、差错控制等,而应用于网络的技术则是解决IP QoS的两种基本模型：综合业务模型和区分业务模型。     

Internet上IP QoS的研究

首先阐述了IP QoS的含义、技术指标，然后分析了IETF的两个基本模型和实现IP QoS的关键机制，最后对IP QoS的发展进行了展望。     

再论IP

4月15日,由万恒盛业通讯系统公司、《通讯世界》杂志社、佳网传播(中国)公司联合主办的“′99 IP 电话技术与应用研讨会”召开,研讨会主要就 IP 电话的 QoS 问题和网管计费问题进行了探讨,与会者对 ID 电话的技术发展方向和未来经营方式     

IP网络延迟

当建立和配置一个IP电话解决方案时，许多不同的技术特性会影响最终系统的质量。这些特性包括话音压缩编码(vocoder)算法的选择，系统的延迟，连接的可靠性等等。优越的IP电话解决方案应采用工业标准话音编码如G．723．1。延迟特性已成为影响服务质量(QoS)的最重要的因素，这需要设计者特别加以控制。     

彰显6大优势——三星重推Ubigate iBG方案

UbigateiBG系列产品通过广泛的QoS特性使企业语音和数据业务真正融合,支持模拟/数字和IP电话。同时,通过在广域网上安全地拓展IP电话业务,UbigateiBG系列能够使用户的业务交流在效率和成果方面提高到新的层次。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.