偏振控制锁模光谱边带偏移量的计算及实验验证

通过对光纤中传输的孤子波演化及其色散波相互作用的动力学方程分析,详细推导了环形腔非线性偏振旋转(NPR)锁模光纤激光器中色散波与孤子波相互干涉而产生的脉冲光谱边带偏移量的理论计算公式.并将各级边带波长与脉冲中心波长的偏移量理论值与相应的实验测量值进行了对比,理论值与实验值符合得非常好,其最大误差在4.1%以下.从而解释了在偏振控制被动锁模条件下,环形腔光纤激光器光谱边带产生的原因.     

光谱边带测量法实现的色散匹配光纤激光器

在基于非线性偏振旋转效应的被动锁模光纤激光器中,利用测量脉冲光谱边带的方法计算腔内总色散,通过改变腔内普通单模光纤(SMF)的长度实现色散匹配,从而获得了重复频率为25 MHz、脉宽为520.5 fs、中心波长为1558.4 nm和3 dB带宽为29.5 nm的超短脉冲,输出功率为1.81 mW.在实现最佳色散匹配的条件下,对锁模脉冲的分裂、连续光波与孤子脉冲共存以及稳定的谐波锁模现象进行了实验研究和分析.     

色散管理光纤锁模激光器在近零色散域的非线性优化

目前,飞秒激光脉冲因脉冲宽度窄和峰值功率高的特点被广泛运用在多种领域中。其中,色散管理光纤锁模激光器因其特有的腔内呼吸机制使输出的激光脉冲能量更高,光谱更宽、脉宽更窄。使用啁啾布拉格光纤光栅进行色散管理的光纤锁模激光器能够实现真正的全光纤结构,提升激光器的紧凑性和稳定性,因此基于啁啾布拉格光纤光栅进行色散管理的光纤锁模激光器具有更加实际的应用意义。采用数值模拟的方法,研究了基于啁啾布拉格光纤光栅进行色散管理的掺镱光纤锁模激光器中单模光纤在腔内的不同分布对脉冲动力学过程和输出脉冲参数的影响。系统分析了谐振腔内净色散值不同时,腔内单模光纤的分布对脉冲在腔内的动力学过程的影响。模拟结果表明,在腔内净色散值为负时,啁啾布拉格光纤光栅与增益光纤间的单模光纤越短,光纤激光器维持稳定单脉冲运行的最大泵浦强度更高且输出光谱更宽,从而能够获得脉宽更窄的去啁啾脉冲;腔内净色散值越接近零时,啁啾布拉格光纤光栅与增益光纤间的单模光纤长度对输出脉冲参数作用的影响越显著;腔内净色散值为正时,单模光纤在腔内的分布对输出脉冲影响逐渐减弱,优化单模光纤分布提升锁模激光器性能并不明显。最后,提出了一种通过改变单模光纤在腔内的分布来提高激光器输出性能的优化方法。     

Investigation of wave breaking in the normal dispersion region of nano-structured photonic crystal fibers

The propagation of femtosecond laser pulses with wavelengths of 1550 nm, 1064 nm, 800 nm and 700 nm, respectively, which are in the normal dispersion region of the nano-structured photonic crystal fiber (N-PCF) with interesting broadband normal dispersion and highly nonlinear properties, is studied. For the effect of chirp variation mainly induced by group velocity dispersion (GVD) and self-phase modulation (SPM), after propagation over a short length, the wave breaking occurs. Namely, oscillatory structures are presented near pulse edges and sidelobes appear in the pulse spectrum. In the case of 800 nm, after the propagation of 20 mm, a super flat spectrum is obtained. The bandwidth of the super flat spectrum is associated with the dispersion length and the nonlinear length. By choosing N-PCF and laser pulse with appropriate parameters, a broadband super flat spectrum in a short length can be achieved.     

Gain sideband splitting in dispersion oscillating fibers

We analyze the modulation instability spectrum in a varying dispersion optical fiber as a function of the dispersion oscillation amplitude. For large dispersion oscillations, we predict a novel sideband splitting into different sub-sidebands. The emergence of the new sidebands is observed whenever the classical perturbation analysis for parametric resonances predicts vanishing sideband amplitudes. The numerical results are in good quantitative agreement with Floquet or Bloch stability analysis of four-wave mixing in the periodic dispersion fiber. We have also shown that linear gain or loss may have a dramatic influence in reshaping the new sidebands.     

基于窄带光纤光栅的微波载波单边带调制

利用窄带光纤光栅简单而有效地实现了RoF系统中单边带调制,克服长距离传输时的色散损耗.分析了RoF系统中双边带调制对系统带来的影响,以及单边带滤波对窄带光纤光栅反射光谱和反射率的要求.研究了采用基于窄带光纤光栅的单边带调制后,对不同调制方式、不同调制速率、不同传输距离的RoF传输系统性能的改善情况.实验研究表明,光纤光栅单边带调制在以16QAM调制的15GHz RoF系统中传输25km后,信噪比与双边带调制相比可提高约4dB.     

被动锁模掺Er3+氟化物光纤激光器理论研究

根据非线性薛定谔方程建立了基于可饱和吸收体被动锁模掺Er3+氟化物光纤激光器的理论模型,研究了中红外超短脉冲在掺Er3+氟化物光纤激光器中形成的物理机制,数值模拟了被动锁模掺Er3+氟化物光纤激光器中中红外超短脉冲的演化过程,重点分析了掺Er3+增益光纤长度,可饱和吸收体不饱和损耗对被动锁模掺Er3+氟化物光纤激光器产生中红外超短脉冲的影响,并给出了参数设置范围。研究发现:当小信号增益系数、可饱和吸收体不饱和损耗、腔内净色散量为一定值,掺Er3+氟化物光纤长度在一定范围时,才会出现稳定的锁模脉冲,且随着掺Er3+氟化物光纤长度增加脉冲宽度变窄、光谱变宽、峰值功率增高;当掺Er3+氟化物光纤长度、腔内净色散量、小信号增益系数为一定值时,可饱和吸收体不饱和损耗在一定的范围时可以得到稳定的锁模脉冲,且随着可饱和吸收体不饱和损耗的增加脉冲宽度变窄,光谱先变宽后变窄变化范围不大,峰值功率增加。     

环形腔光纤激光器边带偏振不稳定性

为研究双折射光纤的高功率环形腔光纤激光系统输出稳定性,提出了一种可能存在的矢量调制不稳定现象——边带偏振不稳定性(SPI)。结合偏振不稳定性与边带不稳定性的研究方法,建立了偏振光在线性双折射掺杂光纤的环形腔中传输时满足的非线性薛定谔方程,并求得了高双折射光纤中信号光偏振方向与主轴重合时扰动边带的解析解。研究结果表明,在正常色散情况下,沿主轴偏振的信号光在环形激光器中传输时,各阶扰动边带所获得的峰值增益随着信号光功率的变化而呈锯齿状分布,并随功率的增加而趋于一稳定值。     

Broad-band high-repetition-rate source for spectrally sliced WDM

A uniform 35-nm-wide spectrum is generated by broadening the output from a 2.5-GHz mode-locked femtosecond fiber laser in dispersion shifted fiber. The obtained spectrum is suitable for spectral slicing and wavelength-division-multiplexed applications. The spectral broadening in dispersion shifted fiber is optimized as a function of the launched pulse chirp parameter     

Mechanism of multiple pulse formation in the normal dispersion regime of passively mode-locked fiber ring lasers

We identify the spectral gain filtering as a mechanism of multiple pulse formation in a fiber laser passively mode-locked through nonlinear polarization rotation operating in the normal dispersion regime. A correlation is theoretically established between the spectral gain bandwidth and the possibility for the laser to deliver several pulses by cavity round-trip: narrow spectrum favours multiple pulsing. Moreover the model allows to show that spectral loss or gain filtering are equivalent with respect to their consequences on the multiple pulsing regime. Experimental results obtained with an erbium-doped fiber laser and an ytterbium-doped fiber laser confirm the theoretical calculations. In addition, an indirect confirmation of the influence of the spectral filtering is proposed using an experimental setup involving a unique laser.     

基于微纳光纤脉冲压缩器的皮秒脉冲掺镱光纤激光器

1.0 m波段的超短脉冲激光器在激光加工、光学精密测量和生物医学等领域具有重要应用价值,但由于掺镱光纤激光器工作在全正色散区域,激光器直接输出的脉冲通常宽度较大。文中利用改变微纳光纤尺寸可以使其在1.0 m波段提供反常色散的特点,将微纳光纤作为色散补偿元件在掺镱光纤激光器腔外对脉冲进行压缩来获得超短脉冲。实验中,自主拉制的微纳光纤锥腰直径为3 m,锥腰长度为5 cm。掺镱光纤激光器直接输出脉冲宽度为37.6 ps,经微纳光纤压缩后脉冲宽度为8.5 ps。该结果提供了一种更简便低廉的压缩脉冲方法。     

光子晶体光纤中非线性传输的数值研究

数值模拟了飞秒激光脉冲在光子晶体光纤中的非线性传输过程,详细计算分析了自相位调制（SPM）、脉冲内拉曼散射（ISRS）、自陡峭（SS）以及群速度色散（GVD）、三阶色散（TOD）、四阶色散(FOD)对脉冲传输和频谱的影响。结果表明,在反常色散区,脉冲内拉曼散射以及三阶、四阶色散对频谱的展宽和脉冲的平滑都有着重要作用;而自陡峭是使高阶孤子分量产生分裂衰变,对光谱的不对称展宽有一定影响。     

Sideband suppression in free electron lasers using a grating rhomb

The phase shift produced by a grating rhomb is included in free-electron laser (FEL) pulse calculations to investigate whether or not grating rhombs can be used to suppress the sideband instability. The idea is that because the group travel time through a rhomb is an increasing function of the laser wavelength, an FEL oscillator can be designed such that the optical pulse at a chosen central wavelength and the pulse of electrons overlap spatially when they enter the wiggler. Over many passes, light in a small bandwidth about the chosen wavelength receives the greatest amplification because it overlaps the electrons, and light at sideband instability wavelengths that does not overlap the electrons is suppressed by losses in the oscillator cavity. For a 5-m tapered wiggler, the range in rhomb dispersion and cavity loss that yields acceptable FEL performance is defined. At low values of cavity loss, for example 15%, a wide range of rhomb dispersion exists for which both the sideband instability is largely suppressed and the energy extracted from the electrons is high. At larger values of cavity loss, for example 30%, a critical value for rhomb dispersion exists below which the laser pulse is compressed by the rhomb, leading to reduced energy extraction     

40GHz皮秒光脉冲序列光谱展宽的实验研究

实验采用具有较大正常色散值的高非线性光纤（HNLF）,应用脉冲啁啾补偿压缩技术的改进方案实现了40GHz、1．2ps光脉冲序列光谱的更大展宽。在该方案中,脉冲首先通过一定长度的HNLF,成为光谱展宽的线性正啁啾脉冲;然后经过相应长度的普通单模光纤（SMF）进行啁啾补偿压缩以重新提高峰值功率;最后进人第2段HNLF实现脉冲光谱的进一步展宽。实验结果表明,在使用相同长度HNLF（150m）和相同抽运脉冲输入条件下,改进方案10dB带宽增加了3．28nm,并且相干特性保持良好。实验表明,对于40GHz皮秒光脉冲序列,在其峰值功率受自身高重复频率限制不能被光功率放大器充分放大的情况下,该方案是实现脉冲光谱在此类HNLF中展宽的有效途径。     

Dispersion compensation-free fiber laser mode-locked and stabilized by high-contrast saturable absorber mirror

We report here a compact diode-pumped fiber laser that represents a promising route to designing a portable and rugged picosecond light source. The laser presented in this paper is based on a high-contrast semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM) and targets reliable picosecond-range sources. The cavity is simple since no dispersion compensators are used, and the SESAM-based mode locking mechanism is robust and self-starting, resulting in low-maintenance turn-key operation. We investigated pulse formation in a short-length fiber cavity and found that nonlinear effects in a near-resonant SESAM in combination with large-cavity dispersion provide the predominant mechanism that causes pulse shaping. The role of a resonant high-contrast SESAM in preventing low-frequency Q-switching instability has been elucidated. The effect of the recovery time of the SESAM on the stretched pulse width and spectrum for resonant-type absorber mirrors was also studied.     

Design of optimum supercontinuum spectrum generation in a dispersion decreasing fiber

To facilitate the efficient support of quality-of-service(Qo S)for promising free-space optical(FSO)communication systems,it is essential to model and analyze FSO channels in terms of delay Qo S.However,most existing works focus on the average capacity and outage capacity for FSO,which are not enough to characterize the effective transmission data rate when delay-sensitive service is applied.In this paper,the effective capacity of FSO communication systems under statistical Qo S provisioning constraints is investigated to meet heterogeneous traffic demands.A novel closed-form expression for effective capacity is derived under the combined effects of atmospheric turbulence conditions,pointing errors,beam widths,detector sizes and Qo S exponents.The obtained results reveal the effects of some significant parameters on effective capacity,which can be used for the design of FSO systems carrying a wide range of services with diverse Qo S requirements.     

Generation of over 140-nm-wide super-continuum from a normaldispersion fiber by using a mode-locked semiconductor laser source

The super-continuum (SC) spectrum flatly broadened over 140-nm 10-dB bandwidth is generated by using a mode-locked semiconductor laser as a pulse source at 1550 nm. In our SC generation system, nearly Fourier-transform limited 0.9-ps pulses obtained through linear and nonlinear pulse compression are incident on a dispersion-flattened fiber having a small normal group-velocity dispersion. While the pulses pass through the normal dispersion fiber, the pulse waveform is adapted to suit the accumulation of a linear chirp, which leads to the flat and wide-band SC spectrum     

Optical single sideband transmission at 10 Gb/s using onlyelectrical dispersion compensation

A system is presented which uses optical single sideband transmission at 10 Gb/s together with electrical dispersion compensation at the receiver. Transmission with a bit error rate better than 10^-10 on nondispersion shifted fiber is experimentally demonstrated over 320 km and the dispersion from 1000 km of fiber was effectively equalized in simulation. In the transmitter, driving one or two modulators with a combination of a baseband digital signal and the Hilbert transform of that signal creates an optical single sideband signal. In terms of reducing the effects of chromatic dispersion, transmitting the signal in a single sideband format has two advantages over a double sideband format. First, the optical bandwidth of the transmitted single sideband signal is approximately one half of a conventional double sideband signal. Second, an optical single sideband signal with transmitted carrier can be “self-homodyne” detected and the majority of the phase information preserved since no spectrum back folding occurs upon detection. This allows the received signal to be partially equalized in the electrical domain     

增益开关半导体激光器的三级脉冲整形方案

增益开关半导体激光器产生的光脉冲宽度往往较宽,且具有一定大小的脉冲基座。为了提高增益开关半导体激光器的脉冲质量,提出了一种三级脉冲整形方案。首先,利用色散补偿光纤将增益开关半导体激光器输出的光脉冲宽度从39.381 ps压缩到26.681 ps,随后利用掺铒光纤放大器和色散位移光纤的高阶孤子效应进一步将光脉冲的宽度压缩到20.916 ps,最后利用半导体光放大器的自相位调制效应区分开脉冲基座与脉冲中心的光谱,并利用光滤波器滤除脉冲基座对应的光谱部分,从而消减脉冲基座,并将脉冲宽度压缩到18.497 ps。实验结果表明,该三级脉冲整形方案可以有效地压缩脉冲宽度以及减小脉冲基座,从而提高增益开关半导体激光器输出光脉冲的质量。     

超宽光谱类噪声脉冲光纤激光器

报道了一种全光纤超宽带光谱的类噪声脉冲锁模光纤激光器。为了加宽锁模光谱,利用腔内色散管理和非线性技术,使在58m腔内具有小的反常色散,平均色散系数为0.12 ps/nm/km。实验获得了超过1300nm--1750nm超宽带光谱锁模类噪声脉冲,光谱20-dB带宽达到362nm,3-dB带宽达到102nm。类噪声脉冲的光谱宽度远超过掺铒光纤的增益带宽。