“新政”助推煤层气产业发展

正加快煤层气开发,不仅是安全生产、构建本质安全型煤矿的需要,也是能源革命的需要。我国实际情况是虽然煤层气资源丰富,却处于多年来煤层气产业发展情况却不佳的窘状。政策发力为支持鼓励煤层气产业发展,今年以来,国家层面加大了对煤层气产业的支持力度。3月份,财政部发布《关于"十三五"期间煤层气(瓦斯)开发利用补贴标准的通知》,将煤层气(瓦斯)开采利用中央财政补贴标准从0.2元/立方米提高到0.3元/立方米。4月份,国土资源部又公     

我国煤层气开发战略与经济政策选择

本文认为,虽然中国煤层气开发利用已经十几年,但还处于幼稚期,应当尽快进入成熟期。由此需要借鉴国际成功经验,调整战略定位和经济政策:将煤层气资源开发利用定位为国家科学发展必需的新兴能源产业。确立“煤层气资源矿业权与煤炭资源矿业权分离,煤层气开发优先”、“整装煤层气资源区块必须整装开发利用”等资源配置原则。使经济政策选择具有刺激性,让煤层气开发商有利可图,经济政策支持的核心是低税、管网输送和煤层气价格支持。这些调整可概括为“整装开发、集中钻采、管网输送、政策刺激”。     

煤层气形成产业的基础条件分析

我国有丰富的煤层气资源,随着经济发展对优质能源的需求日益增加,在我国石油天然气相对短缺的条件下,煤层气的消费市场必然存在。成熟的生产技术和国家的政策支持使煤层气具备了产业发展条件。     

中国发展煤层气产业的几点思考

2001年 1月,我国第一个地面开发煤层气探明储量获得国家评审通过,认定含气面积 164.2km2,煤层气探明地质储量 402.19亿 m3。 21世纪,世界将进入天然气大发展时代,煤层气作为一种高效洁净的新能源,必将为我国天然气工业的发展注入新的活力。本文从第一个获得国家评审通过的煤层气探明储量说起,阐述了发展中国煤层气产业的指导思想、亟待解决的重点技术和必要的政策支持。最后指出,中国具有巨大的能源市场潜力和丰富的煤层气资源,将使更多的投资者获得成功。     

煤层气将进入大规模商业化开发阶段

煤层气的前景与常规天然气相当。当前我国常规天然气开发产能低于石油,经过发展,未来天然气产量将与石油相持平。如果煤层气开发利用规模达到常规天然气开发利用的规模,相当于我国能源供给将在现有石油产能的基础上增加两倍,资源前景相当可观。我国煤层气产业大规模商业化发展将加速实现。     

煤层气将进入大规模商业化开发阶段

煤层气的前景与常规天然气相当。当前我国常规天然气开发产能低于石油,经过发展,未来天然气产量将与石油相持平。如果煤层气开发利用规模达到常规天然气开发利用的规模,相当于我国能源供给将在现有石油产能的基础上增加两倍,资源前景相当可观。我国煤层气产业大规模商业化发展将加速实现。     

大力推进煤层气产业发展

<正>煤层气(煤矿瓦斯)是优质清洁能源,全球埋深浅于2000m的煤层气资源约为240万亿m3,其中,我国的资源量约36.81万亿m3,居世界第三位。煤层气是常规天然气探明储量的2倍多,世界主要产煤国都十分重视开发煤层气。我国"十一五"规划中将煤层气列为重要的发展产业,并制定了一系列政策措施,强力推进煤层气的开发利用。     

中国煤层气资源及中长期发展趋势预测

与常规天然气相比,煤层气在组成上并无太大的差别,中国埋深2000m以浅煤层气资源总量为34.5万亿m3,可采约10万亿m3,人口密集、工业集中的华北聚气区占资源总量的62%,这对于建设煤层气生产基地,规模利用极为有利。长期以来,人们发现煤层中蕴含有一种可燃的伴生气体,称为瓦斯气或沼气,一直把煤矿中的这种气当作有毒、易燃、易爆、危害极大的有害气体,都没有很好地开发利用。近30多年来,随着科学技术的快速进步,能源问题、环境问题和煤矿安全问题的日益突出,人们认识到煤层气的开发利用,可以较好地改善煤矿安全、保护生态环境,并能增加一种优质洁净的新能源。我国一些地区煤层气抽放利用和地面勘探开发成果,显示了煤层气良好的开发利用前景。通过对中国煤层气发展的中长期预测表明:伴随着技术进步和能源结构的调整,煤层气将形成独立的产业体系,将在我国未来一次能源中占有重要地位,成为常规天然气的战略补充资源。文中最后提出了加快煤层气发展具体建议,认为这些措施的实施会对我国煤层气的发展起到关键性的作用。     

权威意见:“十二五”煤层气发展较页岩气更现实

在2012-11-15召开的"第十二届国际煤层气研讨会"上,权威专家认为,与页岩气相比,"十二"期间,煤层气产业发展更具现实意义。国家对煤层气抽采补贴有望从目前的0.2元/m3提高到0.6元/m3。煤层气是清洁的非常规能源。我国煤层气资源丰富,根据国土资源部最新资源评价,全国埋深2000m以浅煤层气地质资源量为36.8万亿m3,相当于国内目前常规天然气地     

征煤层气稿通知

煤层气是优质清洁能源,我国煤层气资源量约36.81万亿m3,居世界第三位。世界主要产煤国都十分重视煤层气开发。我国"十一五"规划中将煤层气列为重要的发展产业,并制定了一系列政策措施,强力推进煤层气的开发利用。     

Economic evaluation based policy analysis for coalbed methane industry in China

Coalbed methane (CBM) is a kind of unconventional natural gas. China has abundant CBM resource and its CBM industry is expected to prosper in the future. However, China’s currently imperfect CBM industry policy still needs to be further improved to support the sustainable development of CBM industry. To provide recommendations for policy makers, economic evaluation is conducted to find out the overall economic viability of China’s CBM resource and the factors with most impact on the economic viability of CBM resource. The results show that there is still about 42% of China’s CBM resource uneconomic to develop under current industry policy and that the three factors with most impact on the economic viability of CBM resource are CBM price, production rate and operating costs. And then, policy scenario analysis is conducted to test the validity of major policies and find out the impact of different policies under different scenarios on the profitability of CBM recourse. The results demonstrate that value-added tax (VAT) reimbursement policy, financial subsidy policy and corporate income tax exemption policy are effective to improve the economic viability of CBM recourse. According to these results, some pointed recommendations on CBM industry policy are put forward.     

Does renewable energy substitute LNG international trade in the energy transition?

Renewable energy is a vital tool for the energy transition and sustainable development goals. The global economy, however, remains heavily reliant on fossil fuels despite efforts to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. Demand for natural gas is rising as a bridge for moving towards a low-carbon economy, but whether natural gas and renewable energy represent substitutes in the global energy mix remains underexplored. We tackle this concern by examining the impact of renewable policies on international trade in liquified natural gas (LNG) among 1359 trading partners during the period 1988–2017. We measure renewable energy policies based on the ratio of renewable energy to total energy usage in importing trading partners, which also corresponds to a proxy for energy transition policies. The analysis is conducted using a global panel dataset in a trade gravity framework by applying various econometric methods and model specifications to measure LNG trade as a dependent variable. The results show that the energy transition, measured by the share of renewable energy, has a negative impact on LNG trade. This suggests that investing in cleaner energy technologies can reduce LNG trade globally, as a channel towards reducing natural gas demand. The results are consistent with the narrative where natural gas and renewable energy represent partial substitutes at the global level. However, subgroup analysis suggests that less-developed economies and the shale revolution period seem to impede progress towards the energy transition.     

天然气应用于热电联产是最佳选择

天然气在我国是清洁、优质和宝贵的能源。过去,我国天然气应用量长期在低水平徘徊,国家没有成型的天然气产业政策。西气东输使天然气用量较大增长,由此产生了制定合理的国家天然气产业政策日显重要。纵观世界各国对天然气应用均有不同的产业政策。我国天然气在廉价丰富的煤炭的竞争下,各类型燃气的用户究竟有多大经济承受能力已成为不容忽视的问题。本文试图就我国天然气应用的主要用户,即天然气发电有关问题及寻求最佳解决的途径提出个人看法。     

A new energy paradigm for Turkey: A political risk-inclusive cost analysis for sustainable energy

Implementing sustainable development policies in order to achieve economic and social development while maintaining adequate environmental protection to minimize the damage inflicted by the constantly increasing world population must be a major priority in the 21st century. While the emerging global debate on potential cost-effective responses has produced potential solutions such as cap and trade systems and/or carbon taxes as part of evolving sustainable energy/environmental policies, this kind of intellectual inquiry does not seem to be an issue among Turkish policy-making elites. This is mainly due to their miscalculation that pursuing sustainable energy policies is much more expensive in comparison to the utilization of fossil fuels such as natural gas. Nevertheless, the pegged prices of an energy sector dominated by natural gas are illusive, as both the political risks and environmental damage have not been incorporated into the current cost calculations. This paper evaluates energy policies through a lens of risk management and takes an alternative approach to calculating energy costs by factoring in political risks. This formulation reveals that the cost of traditional fossil-based energy is in fact more expensive than renewable energy. In addition to being environmentally friendly, the paradigm shift towards renewable energy policies would provide Turkey with a significant opportunity to stimulate its economy by being one of the first countries to develop green technologies and as a result this burgeoning sector would prompt job creation as well; mainly due to the externalities.     

Current states of coalbed methane and its sustainability perspectives in China

With the rapid development of China's economy in the recent years, the gap between energy supply and demand has been gradually enlarged. To solve the problem of insufficient reserves of natural gas, greenhouse effect, and safety of coal mines, coalbed methane (CBM) is considered as an effective substitute. First of all, CBM industry status is introduced, mainly including resource endowment, development status, technical conditions, and market environment. Then, the policy environment of CBM in China was summarized into 6 aspects: price policy, tax policy, financial subsidy policy, resource management policy, foreign cooperation policy, and other policies. Thirdly, through Politics, Economics, Society, and Technology analysis, Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, and Threats analysis, Politics, Economics, Society, and Technology‐Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, and Threats analysis, and Comparative Analysis, the influence of political factors, economic factors, social factors, and technological factors on CBM industry is analyzed, and the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of CBM development are pointed out. Fourth, through the above analysis, development proposal is given from 3 aspects which include policy support, technical support, and market support. Finally, through the analysis of the industry, the related conclusions and the prospect of China's CBM are put forward.     

Economic evaluation of coalbed methane production in China

Roaring natural gas demand, energy security and environment protection concerns coupled with stringent emission reduction requirement have made China's abundant coalbed methane (CBM) resource an increasingly valuable energy source. However, not all of China's CBM resource is economic to develop under current technological condition and economic situation. In order to locate the CBM resource with economic viability to develop in China, economic evaluation of CBM production is conducted by applying net present value (NPV) method. The results indicate that more than half of CBM resource in China is economic to develop. It shows that CBM price, production rate and operating costs are the three major factors with most impact on the economic viability of the CBM development in target areas in China. The result also demonstrates that the economic limit production is roughly 1200 cubic meters per day. These economic evaluation results provide important information for both CBM companies and China government.     

天然气的发展前景及政策建议

发展天然气工业已成为世界各国改善人类生存环境和维持经济可持续发展的最佳选择。本文论述了我国城市燃气市场目前在发展中存在的天然气定价、天然气冷热电联供的发展、燃气管网的建设与经营等问题,建议在政府尽快出台关于天然气开发、利用与监管的法律框架的同时,加快城市燃气市场的市场化进程,鼓励民营企业与外资企业参与城市燃气市场的开发和建设,并建立加快城市气化的激励机制。     

海南省天然气发电竞争力分析

天然气发电有利于优化我国能源结构,对我国天然气市场发展具有重要的支撑作用,对改善电力供应结构和提高电网的安全性具有重要意义。本文分析了海南省发展天然气发电与天然气分布式能源的环境的支撑关系,并剖析天然气发电对海南省建立低碳经济、改善能源供应结构和用电调峰等方面的积极作用。