Mg-Li-Al合金的力学性能和阻尼性能

研究了不同锂含量的Mg Li Al合金的力学性能和阻尼性能。结果表明 ,随锂含量的增加 ,Mg Li Al合金的密度和抗拉强度降低、塑性明显提高 ;而Mg Li Al合金的阻尼性能随锂含量的增多和温度的提高而明显增高 ,其中Mg 8Li 1Al合金的室温延伸率为 35% ,室温阻尼性能高达 0 .0 1。Mg 8Li 1Al合金的阻尼明显大于Mg 4Li 1Al合金的阻尼 ,是由于Mg 8Li 1Al合金具有α β双相共晶混合组织 ,α和β相的相界面在循环载荷下产生微滑移 ,而形成相界阻尼 ;而Mg 4Li 1Al合金中只存在α单相组织。     

(SiCW+B4Cp)/MB15 Mg基复合材料的微观结构

利用高分辨电镜研究了(SiCw+B4Cp)/MB15 Mg合金基复合材料的微观结构.SiC晶须的表面附着呈截角八面体形状的MgO纳米颗粒.此外,MgB2和MgO共生在SiC晶须的表面,三者之间存在固定的晶体学取向关系[110]SiC∥[110]MgO∥[1120]MgB2和(111SiC∥(111MgO∥(0001MgB2.MgB2相呈六角盘状几何外形,在Mg合金中其界面能的各向异性显著.此外,还发现了SiC和Mg存在的一种晶体学取向关系[111]siC∥[0001]Mg和(202)siC∥(1120)Mg.研究结果表明,在Mg合金复合材料中,SiC比B4C更加稳定.     

SiCw／2124Al复合材料的研究

研究了粉末冶金制备的SiCw/2124Al复合材料的组织结构及物理、力学性能.结果表明,此复合材料的基体保持了原2124Al合金微晶粉末的组织特点;其SiC晶须在基体中分布均匀,界面结合良好,能使抗拉强度提高40%、弹性模量提高76%、热膨胀系数降低至基体的65%.     

含高体积分数SiC_p的Al复合材料微观组织及弯曲性能

利用无压浸渗法制备高体积分数SiC的SiC_p/Al复合材料.采用XRD和SEM对复合材料的相组成、微观组织及断口形貌进行分析,研究颗粒粒径分布和基体合金成分对复合材料抗弯性能的影响.结果表明:以Al-10Si-8Mg(质量分数,%)合金为基体制备的复合材料组织均匀,致密度好,无明显气孔缺陷;界面反应产物为Mg2Si、MgAl_2O_4和Fe,其弯曲强度高于以Al-10Si合金为基体制备的复合材料的弯曲强度;SiC_p/Al复合材料的弯曲强度随着SiC颗粒粒径的增大而减小;复合材料整体上表现出脆性断裂的特征.     

Mg对真空压力浸渗SiC_p/Al复合材料组织和性能的影响

采用光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪和电子万能试验机等手段研究Mg含量对真空压力浸渗SiCp/Al复合材料组织和性能的影响。结果表明:Mg能提高Al合金的浸渗性能,Mg含量的增加使复合材料致密度升高。Mg促进SiC/Al界面反应的发生,当Mg含量为0~6%(质量分数)时,未观察到明显界面反应产物;当Mg含量为8%时,发生界面反应生成Mg_2Si和Al_4C_3。当Mg含量为0~6%时,由于复合材料致密度的提高及Mg对Al基体的固溶强化作用,导致复合材料强度提高;当Mg含量为8%时,生成的Al_4C_3降低Si C/Al界面结合力,使复合材料强度下降。当Mg含量为0~4%时,致密度的提高使复合材料热导率上升;当Mg含量为4%~8%时,过量的Mg使Al基体热导率降低,Al_4C_3的生成使界面热传导受阻,导致复合材料热导率下降。     

高性能SiC增强Al基复合材料的显微组织和热性能

采用模压成型和无压浸渗工艺制备了高体积分数SiC增强Al基复合材料(AlSiC),对其物相和显微结构进行研究。结果表明:用上述方法制备的AlSiC复合材料组织致密,两种粒径的SiC颗粒均匀分布于Al基质中,界面结合强度高;SiC增强颗粒与Al基质界面反应控制良好,未出现Al4C3等脆性相。分析指出:Al合金中Si元素的存在有利于防止脆性相Al4C3的形成,Mg元素的加入提高了Al基体和SiC增强体之间的润湿性。所获得复合材料的平均热膨胀系数为9.31×10 6K 1,热导率为238 W/(m.K),密度为2.97 g/cm3,表现出了良好的性能,完全满足高性能电子封装材料的要求。     

Process and Performance of β-SiCp/Al Prepared by Bottom-Vacuum Pressureless Infiltration

采用底部真空无压浸渗新工艺制备了β-SiCp/Al复合材料。SiC预制体在1373 K高温氧化及被熔融铝浸渗时加入Si、Mg合金元素。通过金相显微镜及SEM表征了复合材料的表面和断口形貌。结果表明,SiC颗粒在基体铝中分布均匀,SiC预制体浸渗完全。XRD分析表明,复合材料中的主晶相为SiC和Al,存在Mg2Si,MgAl2O4界面产物,没有出现Al4C3脆性相。复合材料的力学性能研究表明,复合材料的磨损机制为磨粒磨损和黏着磨损;随着SiC体积分数的增加,复合材料的磨损率下降,硬度上升。     

底部真空无压浸渗制备SiC_p/Al工艺与性能（英文）

采用底部真空无压浸渗新工艺制备了β-SiCp/Al复合材料。SiC预制体在1373 K高温氧化及被熔融铝浸渗时加入Si、Mg合金元素。通过金相显微镜及SEM表征了复合材料的表面和断口形貌。结果表明,SiC颗粒在基体铝中分布均匀,SiC预制体浸渗完全。XRD分析表明,复合材料中的主晶相为SiC和Al,存在Mg2Si,MgAl2O4界面产物,没有出现Al4C3脆性相。复合材料的力学性能研究表明,复合材料的磨损机制为磨粒磨损和黏着磨损;随着SiC体积分数的增加,复合材料的磨损率下降,硬度上升。     

SiC_p/Al电子封装材料与陶瓷元件浸渗连接机理研究

分别将陶瓷元件嵌入凝胶注模成型后的SiC预制型中,再采用气压浸渗T艺制备高体积分数SiCp/Al复合材料的同时,实现了复合材料与元件的原位连接.采用SEM、EDS和XRD等分析了连接界面的显微组织及界面反应,结果表明:SiCp/AI与元件间的界面反应产物由MgAl204和Mg3Al2(SiO4)3等组成,界面反应层厚度约2～3μm,产物生成量主要由Al合金中的Mg、元件中SiO2含量等因素决定;SiCp/Al复合材料与Al2O3元件通过气压浸渗可以实现有效的反应连接.     

Cf+SiCp/Al复合材料的微观组织与力学性能

采用挤压铸造法制备了SiC颗粒混杂增强T700/Al和M40/Al复合材料,研究了材料的微观组织与力学性能.结果表明,复合材料组织致密,纤维分布均匀.铸造态复合材料存在界面反应,透射电镜和XRD分析表明M40/Al的界面反应物尺寸和数量均小于T700/Al,M40Cf与铝具有较好的化学相容性.拉伸试验表明,M40/Al的抗拉强度高于T700/Al,这是由于界面反应物的数量改变了复合材料的断裂机制.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

电化学噪声数据处理方法概述

综述了常见的电化学噪声数据处理方法,介绍了直流趋势剔除、统计分析、快速傅立叶变换(FFT)法计算功率谱密度(PSD)以及小波变换处理电化学噪声信号的基本过程,并阐释了各种数学处理及所得参数的物理意义。