A machine-vision inspection system for conveying attitudes of columnar objects in packing processes

This paper is a new study on developing a machine vision system for inspecting the conveying attitudes of columnar objects. The presented system consists of image pre-processing, feature extraction, and attitude diagnosis. First of all, in order to segment the objects from the background (namely image pre-processing), an improved maximum between-class variance method is proposed for searching a histogram peak and calculating a threshold value based on the statistics and probability, to solve the problems caused by the non-uniform brightness in a realistic conveyor belt. Then, an open morphological operation is used to eliminate the noise from the binary images produced in the pre-processing step. In the second step (feature extraction), the features of columnar objects are determined by four methods, edge line detecting method, intercepting method, rectangle locating method and feature statistic method. Finally, the diagnosis for the conveying attitudes of columnar objects is based on a hybrid classifier using random forests, and a fuzzy logic. The proposed system is applied to a realistic process for packing industrial explosives. The results of experiments show that the proposed system allows efficient and accurate 100% inspection for the conveying attitude, which ensures the high speed and steady operation of a packing line.     

模拟自动化生产线控制系统设计

介绍一种模拟自动化生产线教学实训系统,用PLC作为模拟生产线的核心控制器,用变频器实现对交流传送带的速度调控。实践证明,该系统对提高学生的工程实践能力、动手能力及培养学生创新意识和团队合作精神有积极的作用。     

棒材打捆包装生产线全自动化改造

目前,大多数钢厂的棒材包装生产线部为半自动控制,辊道控制器与打捆机控制器都采用一对一的独立控制,在一定程度上降低了系统的效率和可靠性.本文针对某钢厂包装生产线的全自动化改造,兼顾了辊道输送系统与打捆包装机的协调控制,实现了整个系统的安全联锁和优化调度,完善了精整包装车间的网络管理系统.     

药品生产线瓶盖缝隙的视觉检测技术研究

结合药品生产线瓶盖缝隙检测的具体需求,提出一种视觉成像采集系统的筛选与设计思路以及在此基础上的视觉图像处理方法。分析了视觉图像信息采集系统与具体生产线需求的关系,确定了图像采集系统的参数,设计了透射式照明与成像采集系统架构。在获取视觉图像后,提出使用区域标记算法、canny边缘检测算法、黑白二值化算法等,自动寻找瓶盖区域并确定瓶盖缝隙的像素宽度,最终给出实际物理宽度。测试实验表明,该系统测量的准确率为100%,最大误差值为0.016 mm,最大误差百分比为2.73%,平均误差百分比为1.15/%。     

高精度粉料定量包装生产线的设计与应用

介绍了在空间垂直高度有限的条件下,完成8个料仓组成的粉料定量包装系统的组成和特点;在同一生产线上实现不同规格包装,且包装精度控制在0～10g的方法.     

输电线路巡检机器人的设计与控制系统研究

文章介绍了一种新型的履带式高压输电线路巡检机器人,阐述了基于递阶控制理论的分级控制系统结构设计和基于规则库模型的专家控制系统控制策略,仿真验证了机器人越障动作过程的正确性。     

An integration architecture for the automation of a continuous production complex

The development of integrated automation systems for continuous production plants is a very complicated process. A variety of factors must be taken into account, such as their different components (e.g., production units control systems, planning systems, financial systems, etc.), the interaction among them, and their different behavior (continuous or discrete). Moreover, the difficulty of this process is increased by the fact that each component can be viewed in a different way depending on the kind of decisions to be made, and its specific behavior. Modeling continuous production complexes as a composition of components, where, in turn, each component may also be a composite, appears to be the simplest and safest way to develop integrated automation systems. In order to provide the most versatile way to develop this kind of system, this work proposes a new approach for designing and building them, where process behavior, operation conditions and equipment conditions are integrated into a hierarchical automation architecture.     

Effectiveness study of an automated 3D laminography x-ray inspection system in a high-volume–low-mix SMT line

The advent of miniature surface-mount components coupled with increasing lead counts poses tremendous challenges during the assembly of printed circuit boards (PCBs). This is especially true in an electronics manufacturing service (EMS) industry, where the focus has been to increase throughput and first-pass yields at minimum expenditure. Hence, robust inspection systems are required to achieve the objectives of inspecting all the solder joints on a PCB assembly without affecting throughput and of accurately and repeatedly detecting solder-joint-related defects. Conventional inspection technologies are limited in their capability to inspect and detect solder-joint-related defects. However, these limitations have been addressed to a considerable extent by automated 3D laminography x-ray inspection systems. This research effort ascertained the effectiveness of an automated 3D laminography x-ray inspection system from a statistical and assembly perspective. The results of this investigation were analyzed and continuous improvement measures were initiated and employed to improve the performance of the automated 3D laminography x-ray inspection system and, subsequently, of the surface-mount technology (SMT) line.     

利用冷镦螺栓生产线生产双头螺柱新工艺

介绍了利用现有的冷镦螺栓生产线生产双头螺栓的新工艺,提出了双头搓丝的新概念。     

Replica technique for the inspection and measurement of small internal screw threads

The superplastic behaviour of zinc-22% aluminium alloys can be utilized in the production of replicas of small internal screw threads. Reproduction of size is better than with epoxy resin, moulding rubber or plaster of Paris and the replica has sufficient hardness to enable a contact method of measurement to be used. The replica technique is described and examples of dimensional measurement and of the determination of surface finish parameters are presented.     

高速线材札机同步齿轮箱故障监测与诊断研究

提出了共振解调技术的数学模型,求解了该模型的脉冲响应,为该技术在正常低频振动中提取所夹带的微小冲击信号的应用提供了理论依据.同时介绍了采用共振解调技术在高速线材轧机同步齿轮箱抽承和齿轮故障诊中的应用效果,说明共振解调技术在提取齿轮、轴承机械故障的微小冲击的应用上是非常有效的.     

板材生产线自动化控制系统研究

针对中小企业冷轧板材生产中厚度的测控问题进行了改进设计,阐述了板材生产线自动化制造系统中厚度控制系统的设计,讨论了板材生产主设备轧机的反馈控制系统及其统计过程控制方法,较好实现了板材轧制系统厚度精度的自动控制.     

剔除式饮料啤酒分瓶器设计及电气控制

分瓶器是把灌注机和贴标机等高速设备的出口出来的单列的产品分成两道,进入不同的两个队列,以便于包装机包装。本文主要介绍了剔除式饮料啤酒分瓶器的机械结构、工作原理和电气控制系统的设计。     

Development of an automated fixture set-up system for inspection

This paper presents an automated fixture set-up for inspection. The system comprises a workplace with magazines, locators and a baseplate. An articulated robot, the SCORBOT-ER VII is used to automate the system. A C-program is developed and used to execute robot arm movements based on user input. The C-program also establishes locating postions for a rectangular workpiece and determines the set-up of the locating fixtures via points. The program is therefore a useful interface to other small-scale expert systems for fixture design and graphical simulators. The set-up of the fixtures can be performed for other complex shapes if locating points are known, and input into the robot controller using the C-program.     

铜极板打包生产线精确位置控制中的关键技术研究

针对生产线工作台的频繁升降和传送链上的工作位置快速准确定位的问题进行剖析,提出了以S7 -300系列PLC为控制核心,Y系列交流异步电动机为驱动电动机,G120(或M440)变频器为驱动装置,光电编码器为电动机速度反馈和位置反馈测量元件的设计和实施方案.PLC在完成逻辑控制的同时,实现驱动系统位置环的计算与控制和铜极板打包生产线工作台的频繁升降和传送链位置的快速准确定位,为生产线各控制单元的顺利运行提供了较好的保证,大大降低了设备成本,也为同类问题的解决提供了借鉴.     

汽车发动机多品种生产装配线生产监控系统的开发与应用

汽车生产流水线一个重要的特征是多品种的混线生产,针对这种流水线的生产监控系统(PMCProduction Monltoring and Control System)需要完成不同型号产品的批次管理、线上设备的监控、产品加工数据的采集和分析等功能.本文结合在一个发动机装配线上的实施实例,介绍了一种生产监控系统的设计和实施方案.该实施方案以可编程控制器结合上层管理软件,实现对多品种生产投产管理、生产流水线监控、产品制造数据管理等多个功能.对 应的实施系统已经在某汽车制造厂成功运行.     

铝材电泳线固化段调度及温度控制系统

本文基于美国AB公司SLC500系列PLC设计固化段调度及温控系统,实现了立式电泳线固化段的自动化生产,实际应用表明该系统可以保证固化工艺的生产高效、运行安全和控制精确。     

自动开合模机构液压控制回路设计

针对现有的冰箱门体发泡自动化生产线自动开合模机构调速回路在调速过程中冲击大、速度不稳定等缺点,对调速回路和开合模机构进行了设计与改进,改善了其速度特性,减轻了开合模过程中的冲击,提高了工作效率。     

生产线上产品位置的调整

讨论轻工业生产线上的物料位置误差产生的原因、调整目的,设计棘轮机构调整装置,为生产线加工位置的调整设计和改进打下基础。     

物流运行状态远程监控系统的实现

介绍了PROGEA公司开发的工控组态软件Movicon与三菱PLC组成的监控系统,阐述了该系统的功能、组态过程、三菱PLCI／O驱动程序的实现等。根据某厂显像管流水线的生产要求,在Movicon平台上设计完成了对流水线停机累计时间、产量统计和故障报警等的动态监控。