后向式离心通风机长短叶片的数值研究

为了研究短叶片对后向式离心通风机性能的影响,对某风机厂的JMF No4.3A型离心风机加短叶片的叶轮模型进行了数值研究.数值方法采用RNG k-ε湍流模型和SIMPLEC算法.主要研究了长短叶片数、短叶片长度、短叶片周向位置以及短叶片的安装角度对后向式离心通风机性能的影响.为方便比较,计算结果做成了无因次曲线的形式.结果表明:对后向式离心通风机而言,短叶片长度影响风机的做功能力和效率:短叶片的周向位置则对压力和效率均有较大影响.特别是对效率的影响最大;而短叶片的安装角度则对风机的性能影响较小.     

Three-dimensional flow analysis and improvement of slip factor model for forward-curved blades centrifugal fan

This work developed improved slip factor model and correction method to predict flow through impeller in forward-curved centrifugal fan. Both steady and unsteady three-dimensional CFD analyses were performed to validate the slip factor model and the correction method. The results show that the improved slip factor model presented in this paper could provide more accurate predictions for forward-curved centrifugal impeller than the other slip factor models since the present model takes into account the effect of blade curvature. The correction method is provided to predict mass-averaged absolute circumferential velocity at the exit of impeller by taking account of blockage effects induced by the large-scale backflow near the front plate and flow separation within blade passage. The comparison with CFD results also shows that the improved slip factor model coupled with the present correction method provides accurate predictions for mass-averaged absolute circumferential velocity at the exit of impeller near and above the flow rate of peak total pressure coefficient.     

基于数值分析的前向多翼离心风机叶轮的改进

对某双进气前向多翼离心风机进行了数值模拟,分析了此类风机内部流动沿转轴方向的不均匀性,并针对这种特性提出了沿轴向改变叶轮叶片进口角、沿轴向改变叶轮叶片内径2种对叶轮的改进方法。分析结果表明,变角度处理可以改善盖侧叶轮叶片进口的正冲角,减小叶轮内的冲击损失;变内径的处理可以改善叶轮出口速度的不均匀性,有助于减小蜗壳内二次涡流。     

前向离心风机采用不等距叶片叶轮降噪的试验研究

为了降低T9-19No.4A前向离心风机的噪声,针对该风机设计了两个不同叶片间距的不等距叶片叶轮,并对原风机和两个改进后的风机进行了试验,对采用不等距叶片叶轮降低前向离心风机噪声进行了初步探索.试验结果和分析可供同行进行同类研究时参考.     

超低比转数离心鼓风机4种叶片形状性能试验对比

针对某一工业用超低比转数离心鼓风机,选取直叶片、后弯叶片、前弯叶片和径向变厚度前弯叶片(VTB)4种叶片作为试验叶片,通过性能试验得到了4种不同形状的叶片对该风机性能的影响。再进一步采用可视化流动试验来观察其叶轮内部空气的流动状况,分析产生性能差异的原因。通过对使用这4种形状叶片的风机的性能试验以及可视化流动研究,为超低比转数离心鼓风机的叶片优化设计提供有益的参考。     

基于正交设计法的中比转速泵无过载优化设计

以D82-19-2型中比转速离心泵为研究对象,选取导叶喉部面积、叶片数、叶片包角、叶轮出口直径、叶轮出口宽度、叶片出口角、叶轮进口直径7个参数为变量,运用正交设计法制定七因素三水平正交方案L18(37),借助数值模拟方法对泵的性能进行预测,通过分析得到了几何参数对中比转速离心泵性能影响的主次顺序:叶片数对扬程和效率的影响起主要作用,叶片包角对轴功率的影响起主要作用;正交优化方案的数值模拟结果表明,该方案既满足无过载性能的要求,又保持了较高的效率,可为中比转速离心泵无过载设计提供参考。     

倾斜蜗舌对离心风机降噪影响的试验研究

针对T9-19No.4A离心风机,试验研究了倾斜蜗舌和蜗舌的安装位置对风机气动性能和噪声特性的影响,结果表明:随着蜗舌倾角和蜗舌与叶轮间安装间距(以下简称安装间距)的增加风机的噪声下降,蜗舌倾角和安装间距对风机的气动性能则是交互影响,不具有单一性。本文选取了3种不同的蜗舌倾角和安装间距,组合优化设计了7种倾斜蜗舌进行试验。风机气动性能的测量严格按照国标《GB/T1236-2000工业通风机用标准化风道进行性能试验》执行,噪声的测量按照《GB/T 2888-91风机和罗茨鼓风机噪声测量方法》的要求执行。     

长短叶片离心通风机的数值研究

为了研究短叶片对前向离心通风机性能的影响,对9-26型离心风机加短叶片叶轮的模型进行了数值研究。采用RNG-k-ε湍流模型和SIMPLEC算法,主要研究了短叶片长度、短叶片周向位置、短叶片的安装角度以及长短叶片数对风机性能的影响。为方便比较,计算结果做成了无因次曲线的形式。结果表明,短叶片长度主要影响风机的做功能力;短叶片的周向位置则对压力和效率均有较大影响;而短叶片的安装角度则对风机的性能影响较小。     

离心式风机含裂纹叶片的试验模态分析

针对离心式风机含裂纹叶片振动特性,搭建了风机在自由悬挂状态下的试验模态分析平台,分别在无裂纹和不同裂纹深度等8种情况下对叶片固有频率及模态振型进行了试验研究。经试验研究与数据分析得:离心式风机叶轮结构固有频率随裂纹深度的增加而单调下降;裂纹越深,固有频率下降越快。该结论为风机叶片故障监测与诊断提供了基础。     

对后向离心风机锥前盘的新认识

鉴于传统观点认为离心叶轮弧前盘优于锥前盘的情况,文章对3台离心通风机分别采用锥前盘和弧前盘进行整机性能数值预估对比,结果表明,锥前盘风机可以达到弧前盘风机的高性能,对锥前盘有了新的认识。     

离心风机不同叶片型式下的气动性能研究

本文针对风机叶轮内流动损失问题,设计加工了4种不同型式的叶片,并通过试验对比分析了各型式叶片对风机气动性能的影响.测试结果表明:改进叶片形式可有效改善叶轮内流动,改进风机结构,提高运行效率.     

倾斜蜗舌前向离心风机配置简易消声器降噪的试验研究

将前向离心风机原有的直蜗舌结构改进为倾斜蜗舌结构之后,风机噪声已有比较明显的下降。在此基础上,本文在倾斜蜗舌前向离心风机出口分别配置简易共振消声器和简易阻性消声器,并进行了气动性能和噪声特性的实验测量。结果表明:对于具有倾斜蜗舌结构的前向离心风机,在出口配置阻性消声器可以继续取得良好的降噪效果,但是配置共振消声器降噪效果却不理想。对于同一风机,两种降噪措施单独使用时均可取得良好的降噪效果,但同时使用时,各自的降噪效果却不一定具有预期的迭加性,文中对产生这种现象的原因做了初步分析。     

Experimental study on the mean flow characteristics of forward-curved centrifugal fans

Measurements have been made in an automotive HVAC blower for two different centrifugal fans. This work is directed at improving the performance of a conventional forward-curved centrifugal fan for a given small blower casing. Mean velocities and pressure have been measured using a miniature five-hole probe and a pressure scanning unit connected to an online data acquisition system. First, we obtained the fan performance curves versus flow rates showing a significant attenuation of unstable nature achieved with the new fan rotor in the surging operation range. Second, aerodynamic characterizations were carried out by investigating the velocity and pressure fields in the casing flow passage for different fan operating conditions. The measurements showed that performance coefficients are strongly influenced by flow characteristics at the throat region. The main flow features were common in both fans, but improved performance is achieved with the new fan rotor, particularly in lower flow rate regions. Based on the measured results, design improvements were carried out in an acceptable operation range, which gave considerable insight into what features of flow behavior were most important.     

The cavitation behavior with short length blades in centrifugal pump

A CFD code with 2-D cascade model was developed to predict the cavitation behavior around the impeller blades of impeller in a centrifugal pump. The governing equations are the two-phase Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equations in a homogeneous form in which both liquid and vapor phases are treated as incompressible fluid. To close the model, a standard k-ɛ turbulence model is introduced. And the mass transfer rates between liquid and vapor phases are implemented as well. The validations are carried out by comparing with reference data in impeller of a centrifugal pump impeller. The cavitation characteristics of current centrifugal pumps is tested at an ondesign point (V=8 m/s) and two off-design points (V=20 m/s and V=30 m/s), respectively. The criteria of cavitation and flow instability around blades are presented. The results show that the current centrifugal pump can safely operate without cavitation at on-design point. Also, the simulation shows cavitation develops inhomogeneously among the blades at off-design points. Moreover, the effects of additional blades in the impeller are studied as well. From the numerical results, it is expected that a half-length blade is the optimum configuration as additional blades in cavitation point of view.     

叶片型线对离心风机气动性能影响试验研究与叶轮流场计算

对4台不同的叶片型线风机的气动性能进行了对比试验;对叶轮S1和S2流面进行了流场计算;分析了不同叶片型线叶轮对风机的最高压力点、最佳工况点、压力曲线形状及效率的影响,同时探讨了风机不同叶片型线的工程实用价值.     

Influence of blade thickness on transient flow characteristics of centrifugal slurry pump with semi-open impeller

As the critical component, the impellers of the slurry pumps usually have blades of a large thickness. The increasing excretion coefficient of the blades affects the flow in the impeller resulting in a relatively higher hydraulic loss, which is rarely reported. In order to investigate the influence of blade thickness on the transient flow characteristics of a centrifugal slurry pump with a semi-open impeller, transient numerical simulations were carried out on six impellers, of which the meridional blade thickness from the leading edge to trailing edge varied from 5-10 mm, 5-15 mm, 5-20 mm, 10-10 mm, 10-15 mm, and 10-20 mm, respectively. Then, two of the six impellers, namely cases 4 and 6, were manufactured and experimentally tested for hydraulic performance to verify the simulation results. Results of these tests agreed reasonably well with those of the numerical simulation. The results demonstrate that when blade thickness increases, pressure fluctuations at the outlet of the impeller become severe. Moreover, the standard deviation of the relative velocity in the middle portion of the suction sides of the blades decreases and that at the outlet of the impeller increases. Thus, the amplitude of the impeller head pulsation for each case increases. Meanwhile, the distribution of the time-averaged relative flow angle becomes less uniform and decreases at the outlet of the impeller. Hence, as the impeller blade thickness increases, the pump head drops rapidly and the maximum efficiency point is offset to a lower flow rate condition. As the thickness of blade trailing edge increases by 10 mm, the head of the pump drops by approximately 5 m, which is approximately 10 % of the original pump head. Futhermore, it is for the first time that the time-averaged relative flow angle is being considered for the analysis of transient flow in centrifugal pump. The presented work could be a useful guideline in engineering practice when designing a centrifugal slurry pump with thick impeller blades.

     

EFFECTS OF SPLITTER BLADES ON THE LAW OF INNER FLOW WITHIN CENTRIFUGAL PUMP IMPELLER

Analysis on the inner flow field of a centrifugal pump impeller with splitter blades is carried out by numerical simulation. Based on this analysis, the principle of increasing pump head and efficiency are discussed. New results are obtained from the analysis of turbulence kinetic energy and relative velocity distribution: Firstly, unreasonable length or deviation design of the splitter blades may cause great turbulent fluctuation in impeller channel, which has a great effect on the stability of impeller outlet flow; Secondly, it is found that the occurrence of flow separation can be decreased or delayed with splitter blades from the analysis of blade loading; Thirdly, the effect of splitter blades on reforming the structure of "jet-wake" is explained from the relative velocity distribution at different flow cross-sections, which shows the flow process in the impeller. The inner flow analysis verifies the results of performance tests results and the PIV test.     

大型电站子午加速轴流通风机逆向工程设计

本文研究对象是某大型火电站国外进口的子午加速轴流引风机。首先应用光学j维扫描仪测量系统对叶片严重磨损的轴流通风机叶轮进行了扫描测绘;然后采用逆向工程方法,建立了原型（磨损）轴流通风机叶片的三维曲面模型;依据曲面模型及叶片实际的磨损情况,提取和推断出叶片的原始设计思想和参数,并对叶片叶型进行了重新设计,建立了风机叶轮的完整三维实体模型;最后,对重新造型的轴流通风机的内部流场进行数值模拟,预测通风机的气动性能并得到了轴流通风机的性能曲线。计算结果表明,在较宽的流量范围内,轴流通风机内的流动稳定,效率较高,气动性能完全达到设计要求。     

Experimental and theoretical analysis of stresses, noise and flow in centrifugal fan impeller

Stress analysis of fan impeller by experimental and finite element method has shown that, the stress pattern in impeller components is highly complex. The stresses in the impeller components can be reduced, by using the stiffening rings on the blades. In this paper, experimental and finite element approaches have been discussed to study the stresses in centrifugal fan impeller. The flow of centrifugal fan has been also determined by using the set-up as per AMCA and NAFM guidelines. The effect of the stiffening rings on the stresses, noise and fluid flow has been also investigated and discussed.     

离心风机气动噪声控制的理论与实验研究

若干年来,我们针对离心风机气动噪声控制问题进行了一系列理论和实验研究,提出了一种识别风机内部主要气动噪声源并通过判断主要噪声源强度变化对风机进行降噪改进的简捷方法,明确了离心风机的主要气动噪声源在蜗壳上,而不是在叶轮上,通过对离心风机气动噪声的产生及传播机理的研究,在理论上为正确进行离心风机气动噪声的控制及预测做出了有意义的推进。以上述理沦为核心,本文进行了大量的实验研究,形成了一套对离心风机进行降噪改进的关键技术。