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A GRASP heuristic using path‐relinking and restarts for the Steiner traveling salesman problem 下载免费PDF全文
Ruben Interian Celso C. Ribeiro 《International Transactions in Operational Research》2017,24(6):1307-1323
The traveling salesman problem (TSP) is one of the most studied problems in combinatorial optimization. Given a set of nodes and the distances between them, it consists in finding the shortest route that visits each node exactly once and returns to the first. Nevertheless, more flexible and applicable formulations of this problem exist and can be considered. The Steiner TSP (STSP) is a variant of the TSP that assumes that only a given subset of nodes must be visited by the shortest route, eventually visiting some nodes and edges more than once. In this paper, we adapt some classical TSP constructive heuristics and neighborhood structures to the STSP variant. In particular, we propose a reduced 2‐opt neighborhood and we show that it leads to better results in smaller computation times. Computational results with an implementation of a GRASP heuristic using path‐relinking and restarts are reported. In addition, ten large test instances are generated. All instances and their best‐known solutions are made available for download and benchmarking purposes. 相似文献
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虽然遗传算法相较于其他算法能够更好地求解旅行商问题,但这种算法在使用的过程中容易陷入局部最优的问题,进而导致问题求解遭遇困境。文章在简要介绍旅行商问题的基础上,介绍了遗传算法求解旅行商问题的思路和方法,并明确算法应用中存在的不足。在此基础上提出基于指针网络改进遗传算法求解旅行商问题的新思路,为弥补遗传算法的缺陷提供相应的原理支持。 相似文献
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嵌套分区算法是近年来提出的一种求解大规模优化问题的新型全局优化方法。介绍了嵌套分区算法(NPM)的基本思想,将其应用于求解旅行商问题。分析确定了嵌套分区算法各个算子的策略,提出了一种改进的嵌套分区算法。该算法采用加权抽样法求得初始最可能域,用全局数组记录下每个区域的历史最优解,用3-opt局部搜索算法改进每个区域解的质量。对TSPLIB中部分实例仿真结果表明,所提出的结合3-opt算法的改进嵌套分区算法在求解 TSP问题时可以获得高质量的解。 相似文献
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针对传统人工智能算法早熟收敛问题, 基于模糊化处理和蜂群寻优的特点, 提出一种模糊人工蜂群算法, 将模糊输入/输出机制引入到算法中来保持蜜源访问概率的动态更新。根据算法计算过程中的不同阶段对蜜源访问概率有效调整, 避免算法陷入局部极值。通过对旅行商问题的仿真实验和与其他算法的比较来验证算法的性能。计算结果表明, 该算法有良好的鲁棒性和有效性。 相似文献
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针对蚁群算法在求解旅行商问题容易出现搜索精度不高的问题,提出一种结合排出算法的最大-最小蚁群系统算法(MMAS-EC)。算法采用全局寻优和局部搜索结合的策略,利用寻优效果较好的最大-最小蚁群系统指导全局搜索方向,同时引入排出算法来探索局部解空间,并采用2-opt操作减小了排出算法对初始位置的依赖,提高了解的稳定性。仿真实验表明:结合了排出算法的最大-最小蚁群系统算法与标准蚁群算法相比,在时间开销增加较小的情况下,取得了质量更高的解。 相似文献
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针对非对称旅行商问题(ATSP),提出基于反馈校正原理的自收敛求解算法框架.该方法核心是依据ATSP问题松弛模型的对偶关系推断与ATSP最优解无关弧集合的弧排除算法.该算法框架以ATSP问题的初始弧集合作为"参考输入",以ATSP最优解的上下界求解算法作为"控制对象",以弧排除算法作为"反馈校正控制器",其"反馈输入"是"控制对象"的输出差值.算法迭代过程中,上下界差值缩小,排除弧集合增加,算法呈现出自收敛性.该框架集成了数学规划方法和启发式算法的优点,论文从理论证明和仿真分析说明了该自收敛算法的有效性. 相似文献
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We investigate a parallelized divide-and-conquer approach based on a self-organizing map (SOM) in order to solve the Euclidean traveling salesman problem (TSP). Our approach consists of dividing cities into municipalities, evolving the most appropriate solution from each municipality so as to find the best overall solution and, finally, joining neighborhood municipalities by using a blend operator to identify the final solution. We evaluate performance of parallelized approach over standard TSP test problems (TSPLIB) to show that our approach gives a better answer in terms of quality and time rather than the sequential evolutionary SOM. 相似文献
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蝙蝠算法是一种新型的群智能优化算法,在求解连续域优化问题上取得了较好的优化效果,但在离散优化领域的应用较少。研究了求解TSP问题的离散蝙蝠算法,设计了相关操作算子实现算法的离散化,并引入逆序操作使算法跳出局部最优。对TSPLIB标准库中若干经典实例进行测试并与粒子群和遗传算法进行对比分析,结果表明设计的离散蝙蝠算法无论在求解质量还是求解效率上都有明显优势,是一种高效的优化算法。 相似文献
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王继强 《计算机工程与科学》2014,36(5):947-950
旅行商问题是图论中一类经典的最优化问题,其研究对于其他图优化问题的解决具有重要的理论意义和实际价值。针对旅行商问题建模中的困难之处--如何避免“分割”现象,提供了三种不同的解决方法,并给出了基于当今最流行的优化计算软件LINGO的实证分析。 相似文献
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竞争合作型协同进化免疫算法及其在旅行商问题中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为提高人工免疫算法的收敛性能,提出了一种竞争合作型协同进化免疫优势克隆选择算法(CCCICA).把生态学中的协同进化思想引入到人工免疫算法中,考虑了环境和子群间相互竞争的关系,子种群内部通过局部最优免疫优势,克隆扩增,自适应动态高频混合变异等相关算子的操作加快了种群亲和度成熟速度.把信息熵理论引入到算法中完善了种群的多样性.所有子种群共享同一高层优良库,并将其作为抗体子种群领导集合,对高层优良种群进行免疫杂交操作,通过迁移操作把优良个体返回到各子种群,实现了整个种群信息交流与协作.针对旅行商问题(traveling salesman problem,TSP)多个实例结果表明:与其它智能算法相比较该算法具有较好的性能. 相似文献
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一种求解TSP问题的ACO&SS算法设计 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
提出一种求解旅行商(TSP)问题的新型分散搜索算法.将蚁群算法(ACO)的构解方法引入分散搜索(SS)算法,在搜索过程中既考虑解的质量,又考虑解的分散性.采用一种将蚁群算法的信息素更新技术与分散搜索的组合机制相结合的新型子集组合成新解的构解机制,同时采用动态更新参考集与临界准则策略来加快收敛速度.实验结果表明,该算法优于其他现有的方法,获得了较好的结果. 相似文献
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The state-of-the-art of local search heuristics for the traveling salesman problem (TSP) is chiefly based on algorithms using the classical Lin–Kernighan (LK) procedure and the stem-and-cycle (S&C) ejection chain method. Critical aspects of implementing these algorithms efficiently and effectively rely on taking advantage of special data structures and on maintaining appropriate candidate lists to store and update potentially available moves. We report the outcomes of an extensive series of tests on problems ranging from 1000 to 1,000,000 nodes, showing that by intelligently exploiting elements of data structures and candidate lists routinely included in state-of-the-art TSP solution software, the S&C algorithm clearly outperforms all implementations of the LK procedure. Moreover, these outcomes are achieved without the use of special tuning and implementation tricks that are incorporated into the leading versions of the LK procedure to enhance their computational efficiency. 相似文献
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针对遗传算法求解旅行商问题(TSP)时容易早熟、收敛速度慢等问题,提出一种基于探索—开发—跳跃策略的单亲遗传算法(EDJS-PGA)。该算法将基因移位、倒序、交换三种算子组合构成探索策略,用于扩展解的搜索空间,增强算法全局搜索能力;再将logistic混沌映射和改良圈操作融合为一种混沌映射改良圈算子,用于增强算法的局部搜索能力,构成开发策略;最后针对种群中的同优个体设计了近邻变异算子,构成跳跃策略,增强了算法跳出局部最优解的能力,使其兼具个体变异、局部优化、防止早熟等多重作用。通过对18个TSP实例进行仿真实验,结果表明EDJS-PGA相较于传统单亲遗传算法具有更高的求解精度和收敛速度,且最优解偏差率和平均误差率均处于较低水平;与其他文献对比,EDJS-PGA具有更强的鲁棒性和求解效率。 相似文献
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In this article, we address the family traveling salesman problem (FTSP), an NP‐hard problem that may be seen as a generalization of the traveling salesman problem. In the FTSP, the set of cities is partitioned into several families and one wants to find the minimum cost route that visits a given number of cities in each family. We propose two metaheuristics, a population‐based method and a local search method, and a hybrid algorithm, which combines a branch‐and‐cut algorithm with a local search procedure. All the proposed methods improve the best known upper bounds from the literature. The local search method and the hybrid algorithm improve the best known upper bounds for all the benchmark instances with unknown optimal value, while the population‐based method improves the best known upper bounds for all instances, except two. Furthermore, we developed an instance generator to create additional test instances with different visit patterns. These newly generated instances were considered in the computational experiment and, thus, we provide optimal values or upper bounds for each instance. Additionally, we created a website dedicated to the FTSP, where this information is made available to the scientific community ( http://familytsp.rd.ciencias.ulisboa.pt/ ). 相似文献