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Ant Algorithms: Theory and Applications 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
S. D. Shtovba 《Programming and Computer Software》2005,31(4):167-178
This paper reviews the theory and applications of ant algorithms, new methods of discrete optimization based on the simulation of self-organized colony of biologic ants. The colony can be regarded as a multi-agent system where each agent is functioning independently by simple rules. Unlike the nearly primitive behavior of the agents, the behavior of the whole system happens to be amazingly reasonable. The ant algorithms have been extensively studied by European researchers from the mid-1990s. These algorithms have successfully been applied to solving many complex combinatorial optimization problems, such as the traveling salesman problem, the vehicle routing problem, the problem of graph coloring, the quadratic assignment problem, the problem of network-traffic optimization, the job-shop scheduling problem, etc. The ant algorithms are especially efficient for online optimization of processes in distributed nonstationary systems (for example, telecommunication network routing).__________Translated from Programmirovanie, Vol. 31, No. 4, 2005.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Shtovba. 相似文献
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An enhanced ant colony optimization (EACO) applied to capacitated vehicle routing problem 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
In this paper, an enhanced ant colony optimization (EACO) is proposed for capacitated vehicle routing problem. The capacitated
vehicle routing problem is to service customers with known demands by a homogeneous fleet of fixed capacity vehicles starting
from a depot. It plays a major role in the field of logistics and belongs to NP-hard problems. Therefore, it is difficult
to solve the capacitated vehicle routing problem directly when solutions increase exponentially with the number of serviced
customers.
The framework of this paper is to develop an enhanced ant colony optimization for the capacitated vehicle routing problem.
It takes the advantages of simulated annealing and ant colony optimization for solving the capacitated vehicle routing problem.
In the proposed algorithm, simulated annealing provides a good initial solution for ant colony optimization. Furthermore,
an information gain based ant colony optimization is used to ameliorate the search performance. Computational results show
that the proposed algorithm is superior to original ant colony optimization and simulated annealing separately reported on
fourteen small-scale instances and twenty large-scale instances. 相似文献
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针对传统蚁群算法容易出现早熟和停滞现象的缺陷,提出一种改进的蚁群算法。该方法基于径向基函数,先遴选出一部分蚂蚁对其路径上的信息素进行更新,再挑出最差蚂蚁进行更新。将该算法用于求解旅行商问题进行计算机仿真,结果表明,该算法的寻优能力和收敛速度均得到较大提高。 相似文献
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低碳物流是目前物流配送领域的热点研究课题,也是群体智能优化算法的重要应用方向。针对物流配送中碳排放的度量方法,以VRP问题为基本模型,以碳排放成本为目标函数,建立了低碳物流配送路径优化模型。为了避免基本蚁群算法出现停滞及早熟现象,提出了带混沌扰动的模拟退火蚁群算法来求解低碳物流配送路径优化模型。该算法将混沌系统及模拟退火机制引入基本蚁群算法,避免了算法陷入局部最优,增强了全局搜索能力,提高了求解效率。通过实验仿真及对比分析可知,带混沌扰动的模拟退火蚁群算法的求解结果明显优于基本蚁群算法,表明了该算法的有效性和合理性。 相似文献
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The multiple traveling salesman problem (mTSP) is a combinatorial optimization problem and an extension of the famous traveling salesman problem (TSP). Not only does the mTSP possess academic research value, but its application is extensive. For example, the vehicle routing problem and operations scheduling can all be reduced to mTSP solutions. The mTSP is an NP-hard problem, and multifaceted discussions of its solutions are worthwhile. This study assigned ants to teams with mission-oriented approaches to enhance ant colony optimization algorithms. Missions were appointed to ant teams before they departed (each ant had a different focal search direction). In addition to attempting to complete its own mission, each ant used the Max–Min strategy to work together to optimize the solution. The goal of appointing missions is to reduce the total distance, whereas the goal of using the max–min search method for paths was to achieve Min–Max , or the goal of labor balance. Four main elements were involved in the search process of the ant teams: mission pheromone, path pheromone, greedy factor, and Max–Min ant firing scheme. The experimental results revealed this novel approach to be constructive and effective. 相似文献
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旅行商问题(TSP)是最古老而且研究最广泛的组合优化问题。针对TSP问题,提出一种蚁群与粒子群混合算法(HAPA)。HAPA首先将蚁群划分成多个蚂蚁子群,然后把蚂蚁子群的参数作为粒子,通过粒子群算法来优化蚂蚁子群的参数,并在蚂蚁子群中引入了信息素交换操作。实验结果表明,HAPA在求解TSP问题中比传统算法和同类算法更具优越性。 相似文献
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基于改进蚁群算法的车辆路径优化问题研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
物流活动中需要找出各个配货节点之间的最短路径,用以指导物流车辆调度,进而节约物流成本。提出解决车辆路径优化问题的方法,针对蚁群算法的缺点,分别对信息素更新策略、启发因子进行改进,并引入搜索热区机制,有效解决了蚁群算法的缺陷。最后,以哈尔滨市局部地图为原型,应用MATLAB软件对改进蚁群算法求解车辆路径优化问题的性能进行仿真,并与基本蚁群算法对比分析,验证了改进蚁群算法的有效性和可行性。 相似文献
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多约束QoS组播路由问题是一个NP-完全问题,针对基本蚁群算法在解决多约束QoS组播路由问题时易陷入局部最优解、收敛速度慢的突出缺点。提出了一种基于自适应变异的二次蚁群算法对该问题进行求解,该算法采取自适应变异方法,借助节点使用计数器,引入二次蚁群搜索机制,减少了算法陷入局部极值的可能性,提高了算法的寻优能力和收敛速度。仿真实验结果验证了该算法的可行性和有效性。 相似文献
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在项目决策与规划、资源分配、货物装载等工作中,提出了多维0-1背包问题,对这一问题,国内外学者提出了许多算法。本文推广了文献[7]中求解单维0-1背包问题的蚁群算法,并从结合2-opt等局部优化的蚁群算法求解旅行商问题中得到启示:通过交换策略可以加快算法的收敛速度和获取更高质量的解,因此提出了基于交换策略的蚁群算法。再把这种算法与AIAACA算法进行比较,实验结果显示该算法与AIAACA算法效果相当,用时更少,是求解多雏0-1背包问题的有效算法。 相似文献
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旅行商问题作为组合优化研究中最具挑战的问题之一, 自被提出以来就引起了学术界的广泛关注并提出了大量的方法来解决它. 蚁群算法是求解复杂组合优化问题的一种启发式仿生进化算法, 是求解旅行商问题的有效手段. 本文分别介绍蚁群算法中几个有代表性的算法, 综述了蚁群算法的改进、融合和应用的文献研究进展, 以评价近年来不同版本的蚁群算法为解决旅行商问题的发展和研究成果, 并针对改进蚁群算法结构框架、算法参数的设置及优化、信息素优化和混合算法等方面, 对现被提出的改进算法进行了分类综述. 对蚁群算法在未来对旅行商问题及其他不同领域的研究内容和研究热点的进一步发展提供了展望和依据. 相似文献
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基于粒子群优化的蚁群算法在TSP中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
结合粒子群算法的问题,提出用混合蚁群算法来求解著名的旅行商问题.问题的核心是应用粒子群算法对蚁群算法的控制参数:启发式因子、信息素挥发系数、随机性选择阈值进行优化,以及运用蚁群系统算法寻找最短路径.新算法对于蚂蚁算法中的参数调整大大减低,减少了大量盲目的实验,力求在开发最优解和探究搜索空间上找到平衡点.对旅行商问题的仿真实验表明,新算法的优化质量和效率都优于传统蚁群算法和遗传算法,接近理论最佳值.新算法也可推广用于其他NP问题的求解. 相似文献
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