基于推广的IHS变换和压缩传感的遥感图像融合

为了提高全色图像和多光谱图像的融合图像的质量,提出一种基于推广的intensity-hue-saturation (GIHS)变换和压缩传感的遥感图像融合方法.首先对低分辨率多光谱图像作GIHS变换得到低分辨率的亮度分量;然后在低分辨率的亮度分量、全色图像和理想的高分辨率亮度分量之间建立压缩传感模型;再利用压缩传感理论恢复出理想的高分辨率亮度分量,并用其代替GIHS变换方法中的全色图像,得到最终的融合图像.高分辨率亮度分量的应用,使得融合图像的光谱失真问题大为改善.以Geoeye-1和QuickBird卫星数据为例的实验结果表明,与传统方法相比,文中方法不仅能够提高多光谱图像的空间分辨率,而且对光谱信息的保持也具有更好的效果.     

基于压缩传感的超分辨率红外成像研究

为解决红外图像系统复杂度与成像分辨率之间的矛盾,采用压缩传感(compressive sensing,CS)理论对红外成像系统进行研究.通过对原始红外图像进行稀疏化,构造基于高斯随机噪声的测量矩阵,实现对目标的压缩感知,以较少数目的测量信号表示目标,获取目标的稀疏表达,基于对目标的稀疏表达,构造基于正交匹配追踪的重构算法对目标信号进行重构,实现以较少的测量信号构造较高分辨率的图像.在几种典型红外目标图像上的分析表明,压缩传感理论可实现对目标的超分辨率成像,以较低分辨率的传感器获得较高分辨率的目标信息,重构出的目标红外图像与相应高分辨率传感器所获得的图像之间误差较低.     

基于参数化流形学习的压缩传感重构方法

压缩传感是一种新的信息获取理论,它突破了传统的采样理论,将数据采集和压缩合二为一,再利用重构算法将原始数据恢复。为了能够得到更好的压缩传感重构效果,把流形学习的思想和方法与压缩传感相结合,提出了一种基于参数化流形学习的压缩传感重构方法。实验结果表明,提出的方法对自然图像进行重构取得了很好的效果,充分验证了基于参数化流形学习的压缩传感重构方法的有效性。     

混合递归超分辨率图像重构ZHANGDi,PENGHong.Hybridrecursivesuper-

超分辨率图像重构是将多帧低分辨率图像重构成一幅高分辨率图像的过程。一般的超分辨率图像重构算法在小放大倍数时效果比较好,但当放大倍数上升时,存在两个问题:一个是计算复杂性的急剧上升,另一个是边缘振荡效应的加剧导致成像质量迅速恶化。提出了一个能同时解决这两个问题的基于POCS的混合递归重构算法,实验结果表明,该算法能够在提高重构图像质量的同时,较大地提高重构速度。     

基于TV准则的图像分块重构算法的研究

利用压缩感知理论进行图像重构时,基于分块思想进行可有效提高重构速度,但同时会带来较强的块效应。为了解决该问题,提出了一种基于TV准则的图像分块重构算法。该算法将基于整幅图像时梯度计算方法进行改进,充分利用已重构块的边界像素信息,从而有效消除了图像的块效应。实验结果表明,提出的算法能够有效消除图像的块效应,提高重构图像的主客观质量,与TVAL3算法相比,重构图像的PSNR值最多提高了0.84 dB,时间最高可节省24.38%,算法尤其适用于低采样率的情况。     

分块子空间追踪算法

压缩传感理论是一种充分利用信号稀疏性或者可压缩性的全新信号采样理论。该理论表明,通过采集少量的信号测量值就能够实现可稀疏信号的精确重构。本文在研究现有经典重构算法的基础上,提出结合图像分块思想和回溯思想的分块子空间追踪算法（Block Subspace Pursuit, B_SP）用于压缩传感信号的重构。该算法以块结构获取图像,利用回溯过程实现支撑集的自适应筛选,最终实现图像信号的精确重构。实验结果表明,在相同测试条件下,该算法的重构效果无论从主观视觉上还是客观数据上都有不同程度的提高。     

压缩感知和相似性约束的图像超分辨率重构算法

针对通过外部学习进行超分辨率存在图像质量不佳、细节不真实的问题提出一种压缩感知和相似性约束的单帧图像超分辨率算法。算法首先利用压缩感知中测量域与频域的线性关系对训练库图像在测量域分类,对不同类别图像块训练对应类别的字典,提高字典的表示能力;然后在重构时利用图像的非局部相似性,将图像在分类字典下的稀疏性和相似块信息同时作为先验信息联合约束重构过程,最后恢复出高分辨率图像。实验结果表明算法重构出的高分辨率图像具有丰富的细节以及清晰的边缘,重构图像主观质量良好。     

煤矿井下压缩感知图像处理算法

针对煤矿井下无线传感网络因信息传输量大而导致传感节点能量消耗快、设备寿命缩减的问题,提出一种基于小波变换的压缩感知图像处理算法。该算法采用sym8小波基对图像进行稀疏化分块处理,经测量矩阵自适应采样测量,最后通过OMP算法和小波逆变换重构图像。实验结果表明,与传统的压缩感知算法相比,该算法能够以更低的采样率获得高质量的重构图像。     

基于Bayesian理论的压缩视频超分辨率重构算法

为了对视频进行更有效的压缩,首先建立起一个从原始图像到压缩视频的成像模型,然后在此模型基础上运用Bayesian估计理论,在最大后验概率准则下表述该问题;最后通过综合使用CCD（cyclic coordinate decent）和SA（successive approximations）等方法从理论上给出了压缩视频超分辨率重构问题的一般解决方法,同时针对成像过程中原始高分辨率图像的降质函数一般为未知的情况,提出了一种基于EM（expectation-maximization）算法的降质函数的确定方法.实验结果表明,该算法不仅在峰值信噪比和重构效果方面对压缩视频有较大提高和明显改善,而且该算法易于扩展,具有广泛的应用范围.     

子带选择机制在遥感图象小波融合中的应用

利用小波变换进行多源遥感图像融合的关键是重构过程中高频子带图像的选择.小波重构过程中,一般仅用到多光谱图像的低频信息和高分辨率图像的高频信息,其各自的高频和低频信息则被舍弃.针对这一问题,提出了重构图像方差的子带选择方法,即通过计算相应两个子带重构后所生成的重构图像中的同名像元的窗口方差,然后取方差较大的像元组成新的子带来参与重构.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.