基于改进Mean Shift视频目标跟踪算法的研究

针对传统的Mean Shift目标跟踪算法计算量大,难以实现对目标的实时跟踪,并且容易造成目标丢失,降低了目标跟踪的精确度;鉴于此,提出了一种改进Mean Shift的视频目标跟踪算法;首先,建立视频运动速度的系统动态模型,以便减少粒子维数粒子的数量;其次,在Mean Shift算法中核函数在目标特性的直方图表示的基础上来构建系统的观测值的获取;最后,利用Mean Shift算法的聚类作用,将粒子聚集在真实位置的区域以便更加靠近其跟踪目标;实验结果表明,验证了该算法在视频目标跟踪中,能够有效跟踪运动目标,满足实时性要求,明显优于传统的Mean Shift目标跟踪算法,减少了计算量,有助于提高其跟踪精度。     

基于Mean Shift和粒子滤波的运动目标跟踪

针对Mean Shift算法跟踪效果不佳以及粒子滤波算法计算量大且实时性不强等问题,提出了一种结合Mean Shift和粒子滤波的运动目标跟踪融合算法。首先用MeanShift算法进行跟踪,在跟踪结果不佳的情况下用粒子滤波算法进行修正。实验结果表明,融合算法很好地结合了两种算法的优点,既保留了Mean Shift算法的实时性,又很好地体现了粒子滤波算法的鲁棒性,实用性很强。     

Mean Shift目标跟踪核函数宽度的自适应调整

Mean Shift算法无需穷尽搜索就可快速定位目标,因此被广泛应用于实时性要求较高的目标跟踪领域中。但传统Mean Shift算法的核函数宽度,也即跟踪窗口是固定的,不能适应目标大小变化,定位精度低。针对该问题,提出一种目标尺度度量方法,并应用于Mean Shift算法中,实现核函数宽度随着目标大小变化而自适应调整,实验仿真结果表明改进后的算法能很好地跟踪目标大小的变化,跟踪效果很好。     

基于像素级图像融合的Mean Shift目标跟踪

针对可见光、红外单模图像序列进行Mean Shift目标跟踪时存在的问题,提出了先对可见光、红外图像序列进行像素级动态图像融合,采用加权平均融合和基于区域目标检测的图像序列融合框架,再对融合结果进行Mean Shift目标核函数直方图建模,然后进行匹配跟踪。实验采用了实际图像序列。实验结果表明,针对目标进行跨背景区域的运动,该方法较采用单模图像序列进行跟踪具有更好的鲁棒性,并且满足实时性的要求。     

基于Mean Shift的视觉目标跟踪算法综述

基于Mean Shift的视觉跟踪算法具有计算复杂度低、调节参数少、稳健性较好和易于工程实现等优点,是目前视觉跟踪领域的重要研究方向。首先介绍了经典的Mean Shift跟踪算法,分析了此跟踪框架存在的缺陷。然后从目标模型表达、模型更新、尺度与方向佑计、抗遮挡跟踪和快速目标跟踪等J个方面详细地综述了Mean Shift跟踪算法的发展与改进。针对上述每个方面,对典型方法与最近研究成果进行了介绍与评述。最后展望了Mean Shift跟踪今后的研究方向与发展趋势。     

基于Mean Shift算法和粒子滤波器的目标跟踪

本文提出了一种综合Mean Shift算法和粒子滤波器的跟踪算法,该算法利用Mean Shift算法在重采样之后将粒子收敛到靠近目标真实状态的区域内,克服了传统粒子滤波器的退化现象并缩短了计算时间,而且算法在遮挡时能实现很好的跟踪．实验表明．算法的实时性得到了提高．     

基于DESO的Mean Shift目标跟踪算法研究

将基于DESO的运动预测算法和Mean Shift算法相结合,形成一种新的基于Mean Shift的快速目标跟踪算法.该算法以DESO预测位置作为Mean Shift算法下一帧候选模型的计算中心,实现了对快速运动目标的跟踪,并通过DESO对目标运动轨迹进行预测,较好地解决了目标完全遮挡时的跟踪问题.实验结果表明,该算法具有预测精度高、实时性好、抗遮挡能力强的优点.     

基于Mean Shift的红外目标自动跟踪方法

Mean Shift是一种密度梯度的无参数估计方法,应用于目标跟踪领域有较好的性能.然而Mean Shift算法是一种半自动跟踪方法.为此,提出边缘检测与Mean Shift相结合的方法.利用结合小波的Canny边缘检测方法对初始帧进行目标检测,通过力矩在图像处理中的计算方法得出目标的形心位置,为Mean Shift方法提供初始信息.在目标丢失时,可以利用形心方法修正Mean Shift的迭代跟踪过程.实验结果表明,本方法可以实现对目标的自动跟踪,同时有效修正了对红外目标的跟踪偏移.     

跟踪窗口尺度自动更新的Mean—Shift跟踪算法

Mean—Shift算法作为一种高效的模式匹配算法,已经广泛地应用在实时性要求较高的目标跟踪系统中,但标准的Mean—shift跟踪算法缺乏窗口尺度自动更新机制无法满足图像中运动目标尺寸变化的需要。在分析图像的轮廓检测的基础上提出了一种窗口自动更新方法,实验证明本算法能够有效地跟踪尺寸变化的目标并且提高了跟踪精度,增强了跟踪稳定性。     

一种快速多人脸跟踪算法

提出一个基于Mean Shift的实时多人脸跟踪算法。通过引入自适应目标跟踪窗口,改进了Mean Shift算法的目标连续跟踪性能;提出序贯跟踪法解决多人脸跟踪过程中目标发生粘连重叠的问题;引入多辅助信息解决了相邻两帧中人脸的对应问题。为进一步提高整个算法的跟踪速度和鲁棒性,引入卡尔曼滤波器对目标进行预测。实验结果表明该算法具有很好的实时性和跟踪效果。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.