丙酮和正己烷共沸体系萃取精馏的模拟优化

利用化工流程模拟软件Aspen Plus以NMP为萃取剂对丙酮和正己烷共沸物系的双塔连续萃取精馏过程进行了模拟计算与优化。确定最优工艺方案为:萃取精馏塔理论板数32,正己烷与丙酮原料进料位置为第25块理论板,萃取剂进料位置为第4块理论板数,溶剂比1.8,回流比1;溶剂回收塔理论板数为7块,回流比为0.6,进料位置为第4块理论板数。萃取精馏塔塔顶产品正己烷含量达到99.84%,萃取剂回收塔塔顶丙酮含量达到99.88%。模拟和优化结果为分离过程的优化操作和设计提供理论依据。     

共沸精馏分离烯丙醇-水的工艺模拟及优化

研究了一种以苯为共沸剂的烯丙醇-水的共沸精馏工艺,运用专业软件Aspen Plus7.2版的Rad Frac精馏模块,选择NRTL热力学模型对该体系进行了工艺模拟及计算。考察了理论板数、进料位置、回流进料比等参数对分离效果的影响,并进行了参数优化。结果表明:理论板数为20块,进料位置为10块,回流进料比为3.5,塔釜烯丙醇的纯度能达到99.88%,回收率能达到99.9%,验证了工艺的可行性,并对某企业1万吨/年烯丙醇脱水工艺进行了优化设计。     

萃取精馏法分离甲醇/乙酸乙酯/乙酸甲酯共沸物的研究

由于甲醇/乙酸乙酯和甲醇/乙酸甲酯体系均存在共沸现象,因此对于甲醇/乙酸乙酯/乙酸甲酯三元混合物,采用普通的精馏方法很难将甲醇有效分离。本文采用萃取精馏的方法,首先分别比较了不同萃取剂对甲醇/乙酸乙酯和甲醇/乙酸甲酯体系相对挥发度的影响,并选择较为合适的萃取剂。接着利用流程模拟软件Aspen Plus对萃取精馏过程进行了全流程模拟,并对溶剂比、萃取塔理论塔板数、原料与萃取剂进料位置、萃取剂进料温度等因素对分离效果的影响进行了考察,得出了如下较优的工艺参数:萃取塔理论板数为80块,萃取塔原料进料位置为第19块板,萃取塔萃取剂进料位置为第3块板,萃取塔萃取剂进料温度为40℃,溶剂比为3.0;回收塔理论板数为5块,进料位置为第3块板。通过萃取精馏分离工艺,得到的甲醇产品纯度达到0.999以上,其中的羰基化合物质量含量小于20×10~6,符合国标GB338-2011中优等品的标准。     

以甘油为萃取剂分离环己烷、水和仲丁醇三元共沸物的模拟研究与优化

模拟过程采用萃取精馏法,以甘油为萃取剂,选用UNIFAC物性分析方法,基于Aspen plus对含有高浓度环己烷和仲丁醇的有机废水精馏过程进行了模拟。以达到产品纯度要求为目的,用灵敏度分析对塔板数、回流比、进料位置、萃取剂流量等工艺参数进行优化。模拟优化结果表明:T101理论塔板数为17,进料位置第14块塔板,回流比为2;T102理论塔板数为5,进料位置第3块塔板,回流比为2;T103理论塔板数为20,进料位置2块塔板,回流比为2;T104理论塔板数为12,进料位置10块塔板,回流比为2,萃取剂用量1870kg/h时,分离得到的环己烷浓度≥99wt%,仲丁醇浓度≥99wt%,符合设计规定。     

三元共沸体系二恶烷-乙醇-水分离方法的研究

二恶烷、乙醇和水三者互溶,相互之间存在二元共沸及三元共沸,且二恶烷和水常压下沸点接近,普通精馏难以分离。本文选取了合适的萃取剂二甲基亚砜(DMSO),采用萃取精馏从塔顶分离出二恶烷和乙醇,利用加压精馏消除共沸,实现二恶烷和乙醇的分离;萃取精馏塔釜物料经萃取剂回收塔减压精馏从塔釜回收二甲基亚砜,循环至萃取精馏塔中,塔顶分离出水。采用流程模拟软件Aspen Plus对上述流程进行了全流程模拟计算,模拟结果表明:采用上述方法可以实现二恶烷、乙醇和水的分离,分离后二恶烷、乙醇和水的摩尔纯度均达到99%;在此基础上,以萃取精馏塔为例,讨论了理论板数、萃取剂进料位置和进料温度、原料进料位置、溶剂比、回流比对分离效果的影响,完成了全流程工艺参数的优化,利用热集成及双效精馏的方式节省能耗15.8%。     

变压精馏分离乙酸乙酯与甲醇的工艺模拟及优化

基于乙酸乙酯与甲醇的共沸组成随压力的变化较为敏感的特性,提出采用变压精馏分离乙酸乙酯与甲醇的工艺。以NRTL方程为热力学模型,利用ASPEN PLUS模拟软件对此分离过程进行模拟计算,并由汽液相平衡数据对NRTL方程中二元交互作用参数进行回归。考察了高压塔与常压塔的理论塔板数、进料位置及回流比对分离效果的影响。结果表明,变压精馏可用于乙酸乙酯与甲醇的分离,最佳的工艺条件为:高压塔操作压力0.7 MPa,理论板数46,第35块塔板进料,回流比2,塔釜得到摩尔分数大于99.14%以上的乙酸乙酯;常压塔操作压力0.1 MPa,理论板数50,第10块塔板进料,回流比3,塔釜可得到摩尔分数大于99.98%以上的甲醇。     

乙酸乙酯-乙腈萃取精馏的模拟优化

应用化工模拟软件Aspen Plus对乙酸乙酪-乙腈最低共沸物系的连续萃取精馏过程进行了模拟与优化。通过绘制拟二元汽液平衡相图,筛选出合适的萃取剂为二甲基亚砜(DMsO)。确定了双塔连续萃取精馏的工艺流程,并利用灵敏度分析考察了萃取精馏塔的全塔理论板数、原料进料位置、萃取剂进料位置、回流比、溶剂比(萃取剂对原料的体积比)等因素对分离效果的影响。确定的最佳工艺方案为:全塔理论板数为33,原料和萃取剂分别在第26块和第5块理论板进料,回流比为1.5,溶剂比为3。模拟与优化结果为乙酸乙酯.乙腈萃取精馏分离过程的设计和操作提供了依据。     

基于Aspen plus萃取精馏的概念设计及优化

本文利用Aspen Plus软件,以醋酸.水体系为例,概念设计和优化萃取精馏过程.热力学模型选择NRTL活度系数方程和Hayden-O'Connell逸度系数方程,采用Aspen Plus的DSTWU模块,确定萃取精馏塔和溶剂回收塔的初始参数.在初始参数下,利用Aspen Plus的RadFRac模块对2塔精算,并利用Sensitivity模块,分别优化2塔的原料和萃取剂进料位置、回流比、萃取剂对原料的进料比等参数.设计和优化结果为:萃取精馏塔塔板数为30,原料进料板为第8块,萃取剂的进料板为第3块,回流比为3,萃取剂与原料进料比(质量)为1.6;溶剂回收塔塔板数为20,进料板为第7块,回流比为2.此参数下,利用RadFRac模块进行全流程模拟,结果显示,产品冰醋酸的质量分数达0.9975,2塔再沸器总热负荷为6545 kW,生产1t冰醋酸耗费蒸汽(1 MPa)量为4.25 t,与文献报道的普通精馏过程相比,可节约能耗52.23%.概念设计和优化的结果对工业化设计和生产具备指导意义.     

萃取精馏分离乙醇-甲苯共沸体系的模拟与优化

利用化工流程模拟软件,选用Wilson模型作为气液平衡的计算模型,对萃取精馏分离乙醇-甲苯共沸物的过程进行模拟研究。考察不同溶剂对乙醇一甲苯相对挥发度的影响,筛选出适宜的溶剂为正丙苯。对溶剂和原料的进料位置、溶剂比、回流比和溶剂进料温度对萃取精馏效果的影响进行了模拟分析。在保证产品乙醇、甲苯质量分数均在0.998以上的条件下,萃取精馏塔模拟优化结果为:全塔总理论板数35块,溶剂进料位置第16块塔板、原料进料位置第32块塔板、溶剂比1.2、回流比1.6、溶剂进料温度为常温。模拟结果可用于指导实际过程分析和设计。     

萃取精馏法从加氢裂解C9芳烃中脱除茚满的模拟与优化（英文）

选择丙三醇为萃取剂,采用ASPEN PLUS化工流程模拟软件对萃取精馏法从加氢裂解C9芳烃中脱除茚满的过程进行模拟计算。考察了理论塔板数、进料位置、萃取剂进料位置、溶剂比及回流比等操作参数对萃取精馏分离效果的影响,并通过正交试验对各操作参数进一步优化。结果表明:当理论塔板数为45、进料位置在第24-26块塔板、萃取剂进料位置为第5块塔板、溶剂比为2.0、回流比为1时,萃取精馏塔顶馏出液中茚满的含量可控制在1%以下。     

Self-tuning regulator applied to a binary distillation column

Utilization of a self-tuning regulator (STR) for control of top product composition of a binary distillation column has been investigated. Results from simulation studies and experimental evaluation of the STR on a pilot scale column are compared with the performance achieved using conventional proportional plus integral control. The STR resulted in significantly improved control for both servo and regulatory control.     

Using MPC to control middle-vessel continuous distillation columns

The use of model predictive control (MPC) in middle-vessel continuous distillation column (MVCC) is discussed. It is shown that using a 5 × 5 MPC implementation (where all levels are included in MPC as integral process variables) allows using a smaller middle-vessel, particularly when disturbances can be measured: a good performance is ensured without having the middle vessel drained or overfilled. Also, it is shown that MPC practically circumvents the issue of tuning the middle-vessel level controller. Furthermore, the MVCC design makes conventional decentralised control perform comparably to MPC.     

Application of predictive control techniques to a distillation column

Model-based predictive control techniques are widely recognized as having useful application to control problems characterized by complex dynamics and severe time delay. The establishment of a representative process model is the key step in the procedure and for anything other than trivially simple systems is a major hurdle. This paper describes the application of predictive control techniques to a distillation problem which embodies a pure time delay of 2–3 h and time constants of 3–4 h. A sampled-data process model is identified from monitored input/output data and from this a predictive control algorithm is designed. The application of the controller has resulted in very effective closed-loop control of the base composition of the distillation column, where previously only manual supervision was possible.     

Knowledge distillation meets recommendation: collaborative distillation for top-N recommendation

Knowledge and Information Systems - Knowledge distillation (KD) is a successful method for transferring knowledge from one model (i.e., teacher model) to another model (i.e., student model)....     

稀醋酸共沸精馏脱水工艺的模拟

醋酸是一种重要的化工原料,其水溶液广泛存在于各类工业过程中。由于醋酸与水会缔合使得两者的相对挥发度不大,生产中用于分离醋酸/水的工艺能耗较高,因此研究者和工业界都在寻求更好的分离方法。本文以醋酸正丙酯做挟带剂,应用Aspen Plus流程模拟软件,汽相逸度采用Hayden-O’Connell方程,液相活度系数采用NRTL方程计算,实现了稀醋酸共沸精馏脱水工艺的模拟。本文详细讨论了全塔理论板数、进料位置、回流比等因素对脱水塔性能的影响。结果表明,在理论板数50块,回流比3.2,醋酸进30块板,挟带剂与进料比0.15条件下,塔釜得到醋酸浓度高于95%。模拟结果对醋酸脱水工艺的设计和改造具有重要的指导意义。     

Comments on self-tuning regulator applied to a binary distillation column

Some comments are made on a paper describing an application of self-tuning control in the presence of step disturbances. It is demonstrated that the behaviour of the self-tuning regulator observed in the paper is a consequence of the slow convergence of the regulator parameters. By an increase of the convergence rate quite different results can be obtained. For example, no steady state error in the output is observed, contrary to the results in the paper in question.     

Optimal fuzzy control to reduce energy consumption in distillation columns

Distillation columns constitute a significant fraction of the capital invested in the refineries around the world; their control requires a major part of the total operating cost of chemical processes, if the used strategy is not adequate. This article presents the application of optimal fuzzy control to reduce the energy consumption of a Benzene-Toluene distillation column. This method is based on the determination of the specific values of the fuzzy controller parameters such that certain performance criterion is minimised. Results of a simulation study are presented showing the potential improvement offered by this method.Translated from Avtomatika i Telemekhanika, No. 2, 2005, pp. 36–45.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Bouyahiaoui, Grigoriev, Laaouad, Khelassi.     

A hybrid genetic algorithm to optimize simple distillation column sequences

Based on the principles of Genetic Algorithms (GAs), a hybrid genetic algorithm used to optimize simple distillation column sequences was established. A new data structure, a novel arithmetic crossover operator and a dynamic mutation operator were proposed. Together with the feasibility test of distillation columns, they are capable to obtain the optimum simple column sequence at one time without the limitation of the number of mixture components, ideal or non-ideal mixtures and sloppy or sharp splits. Compared with conventional algorithms, this hybrid genetic algorithm avoids solving complicated nonlinear equations and demands less derivative information and computation time. Result comparison between this genetic algorithm and Underwood method and Doherty method shows that this hybrid genetic algorithm is reliable.     

Application of output structural controllability to a thermally integrated distillation sequence

Structural approaches to synthesizing the control system are gaining popularity. At the early stages of the process design, information on process control systems is available only in the structural form involving qualitative information on relationships between the process variables, so that a structural approach is the most appropriate option for control system design at this stage. A thermally integrated distillation sequence was studied for the design of control structures during the early process design stage. A new structural approach is used to synthesize automatically the best control structure.