混合高阶全变差正则化的运动模糊图像盲复原

针对运动模糊图像的盲复原,提出一种基于混合高阶全变差正则化的盲复原方法。该方法首先采用shock滤波器从模糊图像中预测出清晰的图像边缘,并用多尺度策略实现对模糊核由粗到细的准确估计。然后根据自然图像边缘的稀疏特性,将全变差模型的保护边缘特性结合高阶全变差克服平滑区域阶梯效应的优势,对图像进行正则化约束,提出新的混合高阶全变差正则化模型。最后,利用分裂布雷格曼迭代策略对提出模型进行最优化求解。实验结果表明,提出的方法能够很好地保护图像边缘细节,同时有效地抑制平滑区域内振铃和阶梯效应的产生,获得高质量的复原图像。与近几年图像盲复原算法相比,不仅改进了复原图像的主观视觉效果,而且客观上提高了峰值信噪比。     

基于正则化方法的图像盲去模糊

针对标准化稀疏先验的正则化方法估计复杂模糊核时的不准确性, 引入图像的预处理, 提出了一种图像盲去模糊的新方法。该方法将图像盲去模糊分为三个步骤：利用双边滤波器和冲击滤波器对图像进行预处理, 使得图像的噪声降低、边缘突出, 有利于模糊核的估计; 对预处理后的图像, 利用基于标准化稀疏先验的正则化方法估计模糊核; 根据估计出的模糊核利用TV正则化方法对图像进行非盲去卷积。采用快速迭代收缩阈值算法和快速总变分图像复原算法分别求解模糊核估计模型和图像非盲去卷积模型。实验结果表明, 针对单幅模糊图像, 该方法可以估计出准确的模糊核, 对噪声具有鲁棒性, 并且提高了图像复原速度, 具有较好的图像恢复效果。     

空间移不变系统图像超分辨复原的快速解耦算法

超分辨率图像复原是当今一个重要的热门研究课题. 本文提出了一种基于全变差模型的超分辨率复原快速解耦算法. 利用半二次正则化思想, 提出了一个新的解耦TV (Total variation)模型. 利用交替最小化方法和线性空间不变模糊的性质将上采样融合、去模糊和去噪分步进行. 算法中对上采样融合采用非迭代的直接计算方法; 去模糊过程采用基于变换的预处理共轭梯度迭代算法, 而去噪过程采用了子空间投影方法. 本文算法降低了算法复杂度; 超分辨率重建图像在去除噪声的同时, 不仅能够保证图像平坦区域的保真度, 较好地抑制阶梯效应的产生, 而且能够保持图像中边缘等重要几何结构的清晰度.     

紧框架域混合正则化模型在图像恢复中的应用

目的 有界变差函数容易造成恢复图像纹理信息丢失,并产生虚假边缘,为克服此缺点,在紧框架域,提出一种保护图像纹理信息,抑制虚假边缘产生的混合正则化模型,并推导出交替方向迭代乘子算法。方法 首先,在紧框架域,对系统和泊松噪声模糊的图像,用Kullback-Leibler函数作为拟合项,用有界变差函数半范数和L₁范数组成混合正则项,二者加权组成能量泛函正则化模型。其次,分析混合正则化模型解的存在性和唯一性。再次,通过引入辅助变量,利用交替方向迭代乘子算法,将混合正则化模型最小化问题分解为4个容易处理的子问题。最后,子问题交替迭代形成有效的优化算法。结果 紧框架域混合正则化模型有效地克服有界变差函数容易导致纹理信息丢失、产生虚假边缘的不足。相对经典算法,本文算法提高峰值信噪比大约0.10.7 dB。结论 与其他图像恢复正则化模型相比,本文算法有利于保护图像的纹理,抑制虚假边缘,取得较高的峰值信噪比和结构相似测度,适用于恢复系统和泊松噪声模糊的图像。     

基于深度编码–解码器的图像模糊核估计

在图像去模糊问题中,显著边缘结构对图像的模糊核估计具有重要的作用.本文提出一种基于深度编码-解码器的图像模糊核估计算法.首先,通过构建训练数据集对深度编码-解码器进行训练,进而自适应地获得模糊图像的显著边缘结构;接着,结合显著边缘结构和模糊图像,利用L2范数正则化对模糊核进行估计;最后,利用超拉普拉斯先验和所估计的模糊核对清晰图像进行估计.与传统的方法相比,所提出的方法不需要多尺度迭代框架.实验结果表明,所提出的算法在获得较好的显著边缘结构以及清晰图像的同时,能够减少算法计算的时间.     

自适应广义全变差的图像泊松去噪算法

针对医学、天文图像中的泊松噪声,基于广义全变差的图像泊松去噪模型,结合交替迭代极小化方法,提出一种自适应广义全变差的图像去噪算法。该算法利用广义交叉验证技术,使得模型中的正则化参数在算法迭代过程中可以自动更新。数值实验结果验证了该算法的有效性与可行性。     

自适应Shearlet域约束的全变差图像去噪

采用传统非线性扩散图像去噪方法得到的图像边缘模糊,为此,提出一种有限自适应Shearlet域约束的极小化变分图像去噪算法。通过自适应阈值收缩Shearlet系数,保留图像纹理与边缘空间,利用全变差极小化平滑空间,建立全变差正则化的能量泛函去噪模型。实验结果表明,该算法能在减少图像噪声的同时,保留图像边缘信息,对含有丰富纹理结构的图像,去噪性能更佳。     

基于分区域处理的低剂量CT重建算法

为解决由于过度的量子噪声使低剂量CT重建图像质量产生退化的问题,提出一种基于分区域处理的联合先验低剂量CT统计迭代重建算法.对重建过程中的图像进行区域划分,对图像进行中值滤波并计算滤波图像的梯度,根据梯度划分出图像的边缘区域和平坦区域,分别利用全变分正则化(TV)和高斯马尔可夫随机场(MRF)正则化对不同的区域进行惩罚...     

混合非凸非光滑正则化约束的模糊图像盲复原

为能够复原出高质量的清晰图像,提出一种混合正则化约束的模糊图像盲复原方法。首先,根据模糊核的稀疏性,采用L₀范数的正则项对模糊核进行稀疏约束,以提高模糊核估计的准确性;然后,根据图像梯度的稀疏性,采用混合一阶和二阶图像梯度的L₀范数对图像梯度进行正则化约束,以保留图像边缘信息;最后,由于所提出的混合正则化约束模型本质上是非凸非光滑优化问题,通过交替方向乘子法对模型进行求解,并在非盲反卷积阶段采用L₁范数数据拟合项和全变分的方法复原清晰图像。实验结果表明,所提方法能够复原出更加清晰的细节和边缘信息,复原结果的质量更高。     

Bregman交替迭代遥感图像复原方法

针对多种退化因素的遥感图像复原问题,提出一种基于Bregman迭代的遥感图像消除不规则采样、去模糊和去噪总变差复原方法。在此基础上,结合非局部正则化方法,提出一种自适应计算非局部均值滤波器参数的方法。求解时使用交替最小化方法将复杂的复原问题分割为两个容易求解的子问题。实验结果表明,本文方法比其他基于Bregman迭代的方法收敛速度快、复原效果好,且加入非局部正则化后具有更好的纹理细节信息保持能力。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.