NURBS曲面C1连续参数优化算法

为了在NURBS曲面上生成满足C1连续的近似弧长参数化等参线,将NURBS曲面4条边界的积分能量函数作为目标函数,提出一种基于分段三次重新参数化的曲面参数优化算法.首先推导出NURBS曲面4条边界的参数表达式;然后使用Hermite基函数变换NURBS曲面u和v方向参数,重新计算参数化等参线,导出变换后的4条边界的积分能量函数;最后通过数值优化算法计算出曲面的最优参数表示.在MFC和OpenGL环境下实现了多个NURBS曲面的等参线分布和纹理映射实验,结果表明该算法是有效的.     

参数曲线的最优参数化

利用有理重新参数化的自由度求解参数曲线的最优参数化问题,提出一种度量曲线的参数速度与弧长参数化接近程度的方法.利用该方法求得的最优参数化在曲线的重新参数化曲线族中,参数速度偏离单位速度的最大值达到最小.最后,通过计算实例对该方法与其他算法得到的最优参数化的参数速度进行了比较.     

有理Bézier曲线的分段M?bius重新参数化

为了得到近似弧长参数的有理Bézier曲线表示,提出基于分段M?bius参数变换的有理Bézier曲线的重新参数化方法.该方法将曲线的曲率极大值点作为分段点构造分段M?bius参数函数;在保证参数速率C1的连续条件下,用新参数速率关于单位速率偏离变量的L2范数作为度量标准函数;通过最小化该目标函数求得分段M?bius函数的具体表示.实例结果表明,通过分段M?bius变换后,有理Bézier曲线的参数具有很好的弧长参数近似效果.     

2次有理Bézier曲线的最优参数化

把Bézier曲线的最优参数化技术成功地推广到外形设计系统中更为常用的2次有理Bézier曲线场合.新方法能够事先对曲线进行重新参数化,而不需要在计算过程中对非均匀的参数速率采用动态的补偿算法.其关键是巧妙地化简需要求解的高次有理函数积分公式,使得M(o)bius参数变换公式并不是基于数值解法来得到近似解,而是简单明了地具有解析形式的精确解.M(o)bius变换能够保持有理Bézier曲线的控制顶点和形状不变,仅仅改变曲线的参数分布情况.优化后的参数速率保持C1连续.新参数速率关于单位速率的偏离量在L2范数下达到最小,即实现了最优参数化,所得到的参数最为接近弧长参数.新方法简单直接,数值实例验证了算法的正确与有效.     

2次有理Bezier曲线的最优参数化

把Bezier曲线的最优参数化技术成功地推广到外形设计系统中更为常用的2次有理Bezier曲线场合．新方法能够事先对曲线进行重新参数化,而不需要在计算过程中对非均匀的参数速率采用动态的补偿算法．其关键是巧妙地化简需要求解的高次有理函数积分公式,使得Mobius参数变换公式并不是基于数值解法来得到近似解,而是简单明了地具有解析形式的精确解．Mobius变换能够保持有理Bezier曲线的控制顶点和形状不变,仅仅改变曲线的参数分布情况．优化后的参数速率保持C1连续．新参数速率关于单位速率的偏离量在L2范数下达到最小,即实现了最优参数化,所得到的参数最为接近弧长参数．新方法简单直接,数值实例验证了算法的正确与有效．     

基于速率变化的最优参数化

该文改进衡量参数优劣的标准,利用分段线性变换,得到了一种新的最优参数化方 法。以分段节点作为自由变量,以曲线参数速率的变化率为目标函数进行优化。通过求解一个方 程组,得到了所求节点的显式解。与以往利用Möbius变换的最优参数化不同,该文得到的曲线仍 为Bézier曲线。最优参数化后的参数接近弧长参数,文末的数值实例验证了本算法的有效性。     

有理Bézier曲线的近似弦长参数化算法

只有圆弧、等轴双曲线、伯努利双纽线和帕斯卡蚶线等曲线是可弦长参数化曲线,一般形式的Bézier曲线不满足可弦长参数化条件.为了生成有理n次Bézier曲线的近似弦长参数化,提出一种基于数值优化的弦长参数优化算法.首先推导了有理2次、3次和4次Bézier曲线满足弦长参数化的条件;然后对一般形式的有理n次Bézier曲线作M?bius变换,根据可弦长参数化条件推导出曲线与标准弦长参数化的偏差公式;最后通过优化方法计算曲线的最优参数表示.多个数值实例结果表明,该算法是有效的.     

基于参数化最优的仿人机器人倒地运动控制

针对仿人机器人的倒地运动控制,用经典的参数化优化方法求得最优控制函数的一个近似解．然后, 利用参数化控制及强化技术,基于几个分段的常数去逼近最优解,再将最优控制问题转化为一系列参数优化问题． 利用该方法提出了仿人机器人倒地优化控制算法,并与遗传算法进行了比较．最后,通过仿真对算法进行了验证．     

一次复有理Bézier曲线的最优参数化

为了更加方便清晰地应用复形式的有理deCasteljau算法和细分算法,通过研究一次复有理Bézier曲线的最优参数化问题,提出2种最优参数化方法——代数方法和几何方法.代数方法借助直接的代数运算推导曲线在Mbius变换下的重新参数化,使得这种参数化在L2范数下最接近于弧长参数化;而几何方法从一次复有理Bézier曲线的内在几何性质出发,直接求得曲线在Mbius变换下的最优参数化,进而揭示曲线最优参数化的本质.另外,从应用角度给出了用一次复有理Bézier曲线插值3个给定点的公式.实验结果表明,在最优参数化后,曲线上的等参数点分布更加均匀,因而拥有更强的实用性.     

计算机辅助几何设计中的保形插值理论及应用

本文主要研究计算机辅助几何设计中的分段多项式保形插值理论与算法 ,分段参数多项式保形插值方法及GHI问题 ,参数曲线弧长参数化的混合数值算法与近似方法 ,与给定任意切线多边形相切的保形逼近样条曲线 ,Bézier曲线和 NURBS曲线的等距线生成以及一般参数曲线等距线的保形逼近曲线。本文首先系统地研究了分段多项式的保形插值 ,建立了分段多项式的保形插值理论框架 ,导出了分段三次Hermite插值保形的充要条件 ,构造了一个 C1 连续的分段三次多项式保形插值算法 ,导出了 2 k+1次或 2 k次多项式保凸的充要条件 ,给出了插入内结点的区域…     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.