溶胶-凝胶法制备高稳定性Mg_xNi_(1.0)Mn_(2-x)O_4系列热敏电阻

采用溶胶-凝胶(Sol-Gel)技术制备MgxNi1.0Mn2-xO4(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4)系列超细氧化物热敏粉体,并经成形,烧结等工艺制得性能优异的负温度系数热敏电阻。采用热分析系统、X射线衍射(XRD)仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和HP34401型数字电压表分析MgxNi1.0Mn2-xO4氧化物热敏粉体的热处理过程、烧结体的显微结构和电性能。结果表明:在700℃热处理,得到尖晶石结构的MgxNi1.0Mn2-xO4氧化物热敏超细粉体。在空气气氛下,1200℃烧结2h,得到尖晶石结构的MgxNi1.0Mn2-xO4氧化物烧结体,烧结体显微结构致密。随着镁离子含量的增加,MgxNi1.0Mn2-xO4氧化物烧结体电阻值和材料常数增大,材料常数B≥3900,老化稳定性有很大提高。     

软磁锰锌铁氧体的晶粒生长动力学实验分析

用共沉淀相转化法合成出的纳米锰锌铁氧体粉体经柠檬酸进行表面处理,压制成环型后经两步烧结得到烧结样品.用XRD、SEM以及VSM等方法对烧结样品进行了表征,并用球模型烧结方程探讨了烧结过程中的晶粒生长机制,结果表明锰锌铁氧体的晶粒生长指数,n≈2,表观生长激活能Q=71.14 kJ/mol,由此可知锰锌铁氧体在烧结过程中的晶粒生长主要受晶界迁移机制控制.当烧结温度为1000℃时,锰锌铁氧体样品已达到理论密度的94%,其磁性能较好.     

GPS烧结对Mn-Zn铁氧体性能的影响

研究了气压烧结(GPS)对Mn-Zn铁氧体材料密度、磁性、晶体特性方面的影响.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、金相分析(MA),发现气压烧结后样品虽然仍具有典型立方铁氧体尖晶石相结构,总气孔体积减小,但晶粒存在非均匀性长大,并且在晶粒内部存在少量气孔.样品性能检测结果表明气压烧结对材料密度、饱和磁感应强度、矫顽力有着明显改善,但却引起材料起始磁导率下降以及剩余磁感应强度的增加;在1400℃保温2.5 h,同时加10 MPa气压保温3.0 h烧结的Mn-Zn铁氧体材料的性能为p＞5.0 g.cm-3;μi3500～4000;B＞500 mT;Br＜130 mT;Hc＜4.0A·M-1;平均晶粒度 60～80 μm.     

室温固相反应法制备Ni0.66Mn2.34-xCoxO4(x=0.15,0.30,0.45,0.60)负温度系数热敏电阻

以Mn(CH3COO)2·4H2O,Ni(CH3COO)2·4H2O,Co(CH3COO)2·4H2O和H2C2O4·2H2O为原料,采用室温固相反应法制备出镍锰钴草酸盐前驱体,将该前驱体在850℃煅烧2 h得到尖晶石相Ni0 66Mn2.34xCoxO4(x=0.15,0.30,0.45,0.60)超细粉体.用XRD,TGA,SEM,沉降式粒度分析仪和热膨胀仪对镍锰钴草酸盐前驱体与Ni0.66Mn2.34-xCoxO4(x=0.15,0.30,0.45,0.60)超细粉体进行了表征.结果表明,由室温固相反应法得到的草酸盐前驱体是单相的镍锰钴复合草酸盐在850℃煅烧2 h得到镍锰钴氧化物为纯尖晶石相,粉体颗粒为球形,团聚较少,粒径均匀,平均粒径约为0.2μm,有较好的烧结活性,是制备热敏陶瓷材料的理想粉体.     

湿法制备锰锌铁氧体粉体的研究

以硫酸亚铁、硫酸锌和硫酸锰为原料,分别采用化学共沉淀法和溶胶-凝胶法制备锰锌铁氧体粉体.结果表明,溶液pH值是影响MnZn铁氧体合成的主要因素:草酸铵作为沉淀剂,溶液pH=4,柠檬酸作为络合剂,溶胶pH=5,在800℃均能获得高活性的锰锌铁氧体粉体.以溶胶-凝胶法制得粉体在1200℃煅烧获得单相、细晶、致密的MnZn铁氧体,材料矫顽力Hc=4.529×79.6 A/m.以共沉淀制备的粉体需较高温度(1250℃)烧结,晶粒尺寸较大,但粒径分布较均匀,铁氧体的饱和磁感应强度较大(Bs=57.62(A·m2)/kg.     

高导NiZn铁氧体的微波烧结及其性能

采用微波烧结技术,在900～1000℃的低烧结温度下制备具有(Ni0.20Zn0.60Cu0.20)Fe1.98O4的NiZn铁氧体,并研究微波烧结对其显微组织及其性能的影响。研究表明:与传统烧结相比,微波烧结的烧结时间更短、烧结效率更高,其样品具有较高的烧结密度、粗大的晶粒和均匀的晶粒分布。通过使用微波烧结,可在980℃的低烧结温度下获得磁导率高达2000,而比损耗系数(tanδ/μi)仅为8.7×10-6(100kHz)的铁氧体。     

化学共沉淀法制备NiCuZn铁氧体及其性能研究

利用化学共沉淀法制备了NiCuZn铁氧体微粉,研究了反应温度、搅拌速率和盐溶液流速对前驱体粒径的影响。通过XRD、TEM、激光粒度仪（LPS）、精密阻抗分析仪、振动样品磁强计(VSM)等手段对最优条件下得到的样品进行表征。结果表明：当反应温度为70 ℃,盐溶液的流速为0.5 mL/min,搅拌速率为300 r/min时得到尖晶石相的粉体,粒度约为30 nm。将微粉体在500 ℃预烧,在900 ℃烧结后得到样品的相对密度为98%,起始磁导率μi约为200,品质因数Q约为150。截止频率约为70 MHZ     

球磨对锰锌铁氧体前驱体粉末影响的研究

采用干法制备锰锌铁氧体前驱体粉末,按配比m(Fe2O3):m(Zn O):m(Mn CO3)=63.32%:13.97%:22.71%,精确称量后采用高能球磨法进行一次球磨,球磨时间分别为5、10、15、20 h;在80℃的恒温干燥箱中干燥,放入马弗炉中900℃预烧,通过SEM、XRD对前驱体粉末进行测试,研究球磨对锰锌铁氧体前驱体粉末的影响。     

少量缺铁对Mg-Mn-Zn铁氧体性能的影响

基于化学式为Mg0.65Zn0.35Mn0.1Fe1.9-xO4-8的Mg-Mn-Zn铁氧体材料,采用具有高化学均匀性的柠檬酸有机凝胶法制备技术来研究少量缺铁(Iron deficient,x=0,0.05,0.1)对Mg-Mn-Zn铁氧体烧结密度、微观结构和磁性能的影响.实验表明与符合化学计量比的Mg-Mn-Zn铁氧体相比,少量缺铁的Mg-Mn-Zn铁氧体具有更高的相对烧结密度和起始磁导率,然而具有较高的磁损耗;相对高的烧结密度和较大的晶粒尺寸导致了高的起始磁导率,较大的晶粒尺寸以及观察到的在少量缺铁样品晶界上析出的富镁锌方铁体(Wustite)相可能是造成少量缺铁Mg-Mn-Zn铁氧体具有较高磁损耗的原因.     

自蔓延高温合成La0.67Sr0.33MnO3-δ粉体的烧结性能

利用自蔓延高温合成技术合成La1-xSrxMnO3-δ粉体,探讨了自蔓延合成工艺(SHS)对粉体结构、放电等离子体(SPS)烧结和普通烧结对La1-xSrxMnO3-δ粉体烧结性能和陶瓷显微结构的影响.XRD、SEM和密度测试结果表明,由SHS法合成的产物结构为单一的钙钛矿型结构;SPS烧结与传统的固相烧结法相比:SPS烧结大大降低了烧结温度,烧结后的晶粒大小基本均匀,烧结体致密度高.经过CMR效应的测量得出,采用SPS烧结的样品相对于普通烧结的样品,居里温度明显提高,同时,CMR效应有所增大.     

SHS制备Ni铁氧体的烧结制度

为了确定自蔓延高温合成(SHS)NiFe_2O_4的最佳烧结制度,通过SHS技术制备获得NiFe_2O_4粉末,加入不同含量的添加剂Bi_2O_3,在不同烧结温度和保温时间下进行烧结.采用XRD、VSM 等分析手段,研究了烧结制度与NiFe_2O_4烧结样品的物相、密度及磁性能的关系.实验确定最佳的烧结工艺:烧结温度1200 ℃,保温时间3 h,添加烧结助剂Bi_2O_3的含量为5%(质量分数,下同).在最佳烧结制度下,获得的NiFe_2O_4固相反应充分,具有单一的尖晶石相,烧结样品具有较高的密度和良好的磁性能.     

Influence of rare-earth ions on structural and magnetic properties of CdFe<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript> ferrites

Nano-sized powders of rare-earth ions added CdFe2O4 ferrites were synthesized by oxalate co-precipitation method.The influence of R ions(R = Sm3+, Y3+, and La3+) on the microstructure and magnetic properties of CdFe2O4 ferrites was studied.XRD, SEM, FTIR, and magnetic hysteresis loops were used for analyzing the samples.The addition of R ions alters the structure of the powders and decreases the crystalline size, lattice constant, and grain size.The magnetic properties such as saturation magnetization, rema...     

Influence of rare-earth ions on structural and magnetic properties of CdFe_2O_4 ferrites

Nano-sized powders of rare-earth ions added CdFe2O4 ferrites were synthesized by oxalate co-precipitation method.The influence of R ions(R = Sm3+, Y3+, and La3+) on the microstructure and magnetic properties of CdFe2O4 ferrites was studied.XRD, SEM, FTIR, and magnetic hysteresis loops were used for analyzing the samples.The addition of R ions alters the structure of the powders and decreases the crystalline size, lattice constant, and grain size.The magnetic properties such as saturation magnetization, remanent magnetization, and magnetic moment increased due to addition of rare-earth ions in CdFe2O4 ferrite.The formation of secondary phase on the grain boundaries supports the abnormal growth.FTIR spectra show two absorption bands.Results suggest that the magnetic properties depend on the particular method of preparation and additives.     

Sintering process and grain growth of Mn-Zn ferrite nanoparticles

The density, microstructure and magnetic properties of non-doped Mn-Zn ferrite nanoparticles sintered compacts were investigated. The compacts of non-doped Mn-Zn ferrite nanoparticles were sintered by segmented-sintering process at lower sintering temperature. The density of sintered samples was measured by Archimedes method, and the phase composition and microstructure were examined by XRD and SEM. The sintered Mn-Zn ferrite magnetic measurements were carried out with Vibrating Sample. The results show that the density of sintered compacts increases with the rising of sintering temperature, achieving 4.8245 g·cm-3 when sintered at 900 ℃, which is the optimal density of Mn-Zn functional ferrite needed and from the fractured surface of sintered samples, it can be seen that the grain grows well with small grain size and homogeneous distribution.     

Phase pure synthesis of BiFeO3 nanopowders using diverse precursor via co-precipitation method

Amorphous powder of BiFeO₃ (BFO) was synthesized at low-temperature (80 °C) by co-precipitation method. Optimal synthesis conditions for phase pure BFO were obtained. Powders were calcined in the temperature range from 400 to 600 °C for 1 h. Iso-statically pressed powder was sintered at 500 °C for 2 h. Differential scanning calorimetric thermo-gram guided for phase transition, crystallization and melting temperatures. X-ray diffraction confirmed the amorphous nature of as synthesized powder and phase formation of calcined powders. Calcination at temperature ≥400 °C resulted in nano crystalline powders with perovskite structure. Average crystallite size increased with the increase in calcination temperature. Scanning electron microscopic studies revealed dense granular microstructure of the sintered samples. The sintered samples exhibited high dc resistivity at room temperature which decreased with the increase in temperature. Dielectric constant, dielectric loss tangent and ac conductivity measurements were carried out in the frequency range (10 Hz to 2 MHz). The samples responded weak electric and magnetic polarization at room temperature with unsaturated and hysteresis free loops, respectively.     

Effects of Nd3+ on the microstructure and magnetic properties of Ni-Zn ferrites

Ni0.4Zn0.6Fe2-xNdxO4(x=0-0.07) ferrites doped with different amounts of Nd2O3 were prepared using standard ceramic technique. The samples were uniaxially pressed and sintered at 1250℃ for 4h in air. The phase structure and microstructure of the samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope, respectively. The complex permeability was measured using the impedance analyzer in the range of 1-100MHz. The results indicate that with increasing Nd3 content, the relative density and lattice parameter a of the sintered samples increase, whereas the real part of permeability (μ') and the magnetic loss tangent (tan δ) decrease. The substitution of Nd3 for Fe3 forms a secondary phase on the grain boundary of the matrix, which strongly restrains the grain growth of the matrix.     

高发射率金属氧化物涂料的制备与性能

以改性粘结剂、Cr2O3、MnO2为主要原料,辅以ZrSiO4、Fe2O3、MgO等多种氧化物,分别在950、1100和1250℃下保温2 h,水淬急冷出料,然后采用高温熔烧法在不锈钢表面制备高发射率涂层。采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、红外辐射测量仪对涂料样品物相、形貌和辐射性能进行了测试表征,并测试了涂层抗热震性能。结果表明:不同温度下煅烧生成不同的尖晶石结构,1250℃煅烧后生成多种复杂尖晶石及其固溶体结构,表现出最佳的红外辐射性能,在1～22μm波段法向发射率可达0.90;涂层试样的抗热震次数可达25次(室温至800℃),表明涂层结合强度较高。     

超细硬质合金WC-10Co-0.8(VC/Cr_3C_2)的烧结特征

超细硬质合金粉末粒度细小,具有高的比表面积和缺陷密度,因而具有较高的烧结活性,呈现出与普通硬质合金不同的烧结特征。因此,针对超细硬质合金特点制定合适的烧结工艺在生产超细硬质合金中是至关重要的。真空烧结超细硬质合金WC-10Co-0.8(VC/Cr3C2)的结果表明:1320℃烧结温度下的超细硬质合金,较1350℃和1380℃的密度和硬度低,WC晶粒细而孔隙度高。1350℃比1380℃具有更高的横向断裂强度(TRS)。WC-10Co-0.8(VC/Cr3C2)超细硬质合金的适宜烧结温度为1350℃。差热分析(DTA)对烧结过程中的热效应分析表明:出现液相温度为950℃,1300℃结束。同时氧化杂质被还原导致质量的损失和气体的产生。晶粒长大抑制剂VC和Cr3C2的加入,提高了氧化物杂质还原温度。     

粉末冶金制备硅颗粒增强锌铝合金复合材料的探讨

在传统粉末冶金工艺的基础上,通过在坯体上方添加第三相金属锌来制备硅颗粒增强铝基复合材料.探讨了混粉工艺、烧结气氛、压制压力、烧结温度等工艺参数对材料组织和性能的影响.通过金相显微镜和SEM研究了复合材料的形貌,对添加锌后的烧结产品进行了分析,并与铝硅粉末体烧结产品对比.     

反应温度对NiCuZn铁氧体结构和磁性的影响

在反应温度分别为303,323和343K的条件下,用溶胶-凝胶法制备了三种Ni_(0.2)Cu_(0.2)Zn_(0.6)O_4铁氧体前驱体.然后把三种前驱体在873K烧结5h后,再在1273K烧结3h.借助于TG-DSC、XRD、SEM、VSM技术,对干凝胶的热分解过程、产物的物相、微观结构和磁性能进行研究.结果表明,反应温度为303K制备的NiCuZn铁氧体粉体为单一的尖晶石结构,而在反应温度为323和343K制备的两种粉体却是Ni_(0.2)Cu_(0.2)Zn_(0.6)O_4,、ZnO和Fe_2O_3混合体.