黑钨细泥浮选研究现状

简要介绍了黑钨细泥的选矿现状,对黑钨细泥浮选工艺、浮选药剂研究以及近年来的实际应用进行了综述。     

某难选黑白钨共生矿试验研究

某黑白钨共生矿中富钙、富镁的脉石矿物含量高,严重影响了钨矿物的回收利用。为了解决该技术难题,原矿经硫化矿浮选、磁选后对钨给矿(WO3 0.48%)进行试验研究,采用改性水玻璃、硝酸铅,螯合类捕收剂GYB和改性脂肪酸类捕收剂GYR组合进行粗选获得的黑白钨混合粗精矿,采用改进型彼得洛夫法-添加调整剂NC、NF、水玻璃和捕收剂GYR,进行加温精选分离,加温精矿经酸浸得白钨精矿,加温尾矿经摇床得重选黑钨精矿,摇床尾矿经浓缩添加调整剂NA、改性水玻璃和硝酸铅,组合捕收剂GYB和GYR得浮选黑钨精矿。小型试验获得指标:WO372.21%的白钨精矿,回收率59.08%。WO3 47.92%的重选黑钨精矿,回收率14.15%。WO3 55.72%的浮选黑钨精矿,回收率6.33%。钨的总回收率达79.56%。     

黑白钨共生矿混合浮选药剂及工艺

概述了黑白钨混合浮选药剂,介绍了黑白钨混合浮选药剂机理,并简述了黑白钨混合浮选工艺。     

柿竹园预脱铁脱泥黑白钨混浮钨矿选矿新工艺研究

柿竹园多金属矿Ⅲ矿带西北角矿石,性质变化大,较难选。研究采用磁选脱铁-浮选脱泥-黑白钨混浮新工艺处理该矿石。新工艺与原工艺相比,在原矿、钨粗精矿WO3品位相近的对应条件下,小型闭路试验WO3回收率提高15.04%。工业试验在产出钨粗精矿WO3品位13%时,新工艺WO3回收率比原工艺提高2.11%;产出钨粗精矿WO3品位22%时,回收率提高5.23%。     

我国白钨矿与黑钨矿浮选研究现状与趋势

随着"贫、细、杂,难"的钨矿资源的开发越来越多,研究开发高效的浮选药剂、新工艺及高效节能的新设备是提高钨矿选别回收率的重要途径。文章综述了我国白钨矿和黑钨矿选矿药剂、工艺流程及选矿设备的研究现状、应用成果和发展趋势,提出了三个方面的研究建议:根据组合用药原理研发新型组合药剂、利用浮选药剂的同分异构原理开发选择性更强的高效选矿药剂以及新型廉价环保的钨矿物专属选矿药剂研究;改进"彼德洛夫法"、常温法精选工艺、选冶联合工艺、化学选矿和生物选矿、微泡浮选等新技术新工艺研究;连选型和多复合力场离心选矿设备、高梯度磁场、多磁极磁系、大包角磁系等强磁选机以及离心力场、微泡析出式等浮选设备的研究。     

硫化钠在黑白钨加温精选中的应用研究

介绍了柿竹园黑白钨混合粗精矿加温精选中 ,添加硫化钠与水玻璃混合剂比单一添加水玻璃能更有效地使白钨矿与萤石等含钙矿物及脉石矿物分离。论述了硫化钠在加温精选中的作用效果并探讨了其作用机理     

预先分级-重浮磁联合工艺分选广西某黑钨矿的试验研究

广西某黑钨矿属石英脉石型黑钨矿床,原矿WO3品位为0.41%,采用"预先分级-中细粒级摇床抛尾-粗粒级磨矿-摇床精选-反浮选-磁选"工艺流程脱除绢云母、石英等脉石矿物,最终可获得产率0.47%、WO3品位67.31%,回收率77.16%的黑钨精矿。钨资源得到较好的回收。     

氢氟酸在硅酸盐矿物浮选中的作用机制

研究了氢氟酸（HF）在油酸钠浮选体系中对五类结构九种硅酸盐矿物的调整作用．通过矿物ξ-电位和X光电子能潜（XPS）的测定,以矿物晶体化学特征和表面特性为依据．分析了氢氟酸在硅酸盐矿物浮选中的作用机理．并着重探讨了HF对石英和绿柱石的活化作用．结果表明,氢氨酸对硅酸盐矿物的调整作用与矿物的晶体化学特征具有密切的关系,HF对矿物表面的清洗作用,溶蚀矿物表面硅酸及在矿物表面Al3 形成铝氟络合物,使矿物表面性质发生改变．是氢氟酸调整作用的主要机理．     

D301树脂吸附金的机理研究

本文利用XPS光电子能谱仪对D301树脂吸附金氰络合物前后的研究:确定此种吸附为离子吸附;D301树脂要达到较高的吸附量,必须先质子化;强的酸性环境可提高对Au(CN)_2~-的选择性,这一点在回收镀金废水中的金很有价值。     

废水中氨氮沉淀物的结晶状态及其与捕收剂的作用机理

用实验室模拟废水和焦化废水研究了废水中其他成分对氨氮沉淀物结晶状态的影响．X射线衍射结果表明,模拟废水中生成的氨氮沉淀物是非晶态的,而焦化废水中的沉淀物是晶态的磷酸铵镁．红外光谱测试结果表明,pH值影响捕收剂十二酸钠或油酸钠与沉淀物的作用机理,pH=9时捕收剂在沉淀物表面发生物理吸附,而pH=11时发生化学吸附．模拟废水中氨氮沉淀物以油酸钠为捕收剂较好,而焦化废水中的氨氮沉淀物以十二酸钠为较好,其原因是沉淀物的结晶状态不同．     

钕铁硼中不同状态氧释放行为的研究(英文)

钕铁硼磁体中氧含量偏高是影响其大工业生产、造成钕铁硼磁体性能偏低的主要原因之一,因此合理地控制氧在钕铁硼中含量及其存在状态,为分析工作提出了重要研究课题。依据样品中不同状态氧与碳的结合能不同的特点,本文使用惰气熔融红外吸收法对钕铁硼材料样品中不同状态氧进行了定性和定量的方法研究。首先通过斜率加热模式,确定钕铁硼样品在不同分析加热电流下存在着两种状态氧化物。根据斜率加热模式下得到的每种状态氧化物对应的释放条件,使用分段加热模式,完全分离两种状态氧的释放峰。对原始样品和第一段加热后的中间产物分别进行x射线衍射     

SiO2/Ta界面反应及其对Cu扩散的影响

利用磁控溅射方法在表面有SiO₂层的Si基片上溅射Ta薄膜,采用X射线光电子能谱研究了SiO₂/Ta界面以及Ta₅Si₃标准样品,并进行计算机谱图拟合分析.实验结果表明在制备态下在SiO₂/Ta界面处有更稳定的化合物新相Ta₅Si₃和Ta₂O₅生成.在采用Ta作阻挡层的ULSI铜互连结构中这些反应产物可能有利于对Cu扩散的阻挡.     

羟肟酸类捕收剂的合成、性质及在稀土矿物浮选中的作用机理

介绍了羟肟酸的合成方法和性质、羟肟酸作为捕收剂浮选稀土矿物的性能及羟肟酸类捕收剂在浮选中的作用机理,研究表明羟肟酸具有良好的选择性能和捕收性能,是稀土矿物的有效捕收剂。     

Improved Flotation Separation of Apatite from Calcite with Benzohydroxamic Acid Collector

ABSTRACT

Apatite (Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆F₂) is the most important phosphate mineral, and flotation is the main beneficiation method to separate apatite from its major gangue mineral calcite (CaCO₃). Till date, fatty acids and their salts have been widely used as collectors in the apatite/calcite flotation separation due to their low cost and strong collecting ability, but their selectivity is limited. Therefore, screening or designing a selective collector becomes the key to the efficient separation. In this work, an attempt was made to utilize benzohydroxamic acid (BHA) as the collector for the selective separation of apatite from calcite without any depressant. The single and mixed binary mineral flotation experimental results prove the excellent selectivity of BHA in the apatite/calcite flotation separation. Zeta potential measurement results indicate a greater affinity of BHA on the apatite surface than calcite, which is also confirmed by the higher adsorption energy of BHA on the apatite surface based on the first-principle density functional theory calculations. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis shows that the selective chemisorption of BHA on apatite over calcite is due to the stronger reactivity and the higher density of Ca²⁺ ion on the apatite surface than calcite. This work shows that surfactants of hydroxamic acid type can be an ideal collector for phosphate mineral flotation.     

具有纳米氧化层自旋阀薄膜的XPS研究

采用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)研究了带有两种纳米氧化层(NOL)Ta/Ni₈₀Fe₂₀/Ir₁₉Mn₈₁/Co₉₀Fe₁₀//NOL1//Co₉₀Fe₁₀/Cu/Co₉₀Fe₁₀//NOL2/Ta的镜面反射自旋阀薄膜的化学结构.研究结果表明:CoFe/NOL1和NOL2/Ta界面处发生了热力学有利的化学反应.CoFe磁性敏感层仍保持金属特性,部分氧化的CoFe和Ta发生界面反应,使得Ta覆盖层被氧化成Ta₂O₅,形成NOL2.由于仍存在部分金属CoFe,NOL1为不连续的氧化层,使得与IrMn层仍存在直接的交换耦合作用.在退火过程中,IrMn层中的Mn原子扩散到NOL1中;然而,由于NOL1和扩散的Mn原子发生界面反应,生成Mn的氧化物,从而阻止Mn原子的进一步扩散,使其偏聚在NOL1中.     

Spectral change and far-red emission of Mn2+ ions co-doped NaSrB5O9:Dy3+ luminescence material for plant growth LEDs

Due to the characteristic emission of phosphors,phosphor-converted LEDs have been employed to provide the requisite light sources for indoor plant growth in the optical agricultural industry.Herein,we prepared a series of Mn²⁺co-doped NaSrB5 O9:Dy³⁺phosphors via a solid-state reaction method.These phosphors have significant three-band emissions at 467 nm(blue region),606 nm(orange region),and765 nm(far-red region),ascribed to the⁴F_9/2-⁶H_15/2and 4 F9/2-6 H13/2 transitions of the Dy³⁺ions and the⁴T_1g(G)-⁶A_1g(S)spin-forbidden transition of the Mn²⁺ions,respectively,when excited by light of 376 nm(near-UV region).The co-dopant in the host material facilitates tunable photoluminescence(PL)due to energy transfer from the Dy³⁺ions to the Mn²⁺ions.The three emission peaks from the prepared phosphors well match with the absorption spectra of the photosynthesis pigments of plants,chlorophyll and phytochrome,which can absorb blue(400-500 nm),orange-red(550-700 nm),and infrared(IR)radiation,indicating that these phosphors have potential applications in the fabrication of plant-growth LEDs.Prior to the PL studies,the structure of the phosphors was determined by X-ray diffraction,refined by Rietveld method and chemically quantified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.     

Mechanism of Interaction of Cloud Point Polymers with Platinum and Gold in Flotation of Finely Disseminated Precious Metal Ores

Prospects of the application of new class of reagents - cloud point polymers with functional groups on the gold and platinum for extraction of micro- and nanoparticles of noble metals from fine grinded ores and by-products were considered. The reaction of synthesis of cloud point copolymer on the basis of N-isopropylacrylamide and N-acryloxysuccinimide, and its subsequent modification by groups of thioamine (TMPA), semicarbazide up (TMPB) and phosphine (TMPPh) were presented. Selective interaction of reagents TMPA, TMPB and TMPPh with noble metals and their prospective use as effective flocculants and reagents-collectors in flotation of refractory gold and platinum ores was revealed.     

Structural Analysis of Eu2Mn2／3Ta4／3O7 with a Pyrochlore-Related Structure

Eu2Mn2/3Ta4/3O7 specimen was synthesized from Eu2O3, MnO and Ta2O5 in a reducing atmosphere. Structure analysis was carried out by Rietveld method from X-ray diffraction data. The X-ray diffraction profile calculated with monoelinic C2/c model was in a good agreement with the observed X-ray diffraction patterns since several small peaks of super lattice could be also assigned with C2/c symmetry in addition to fundamental reflection peaks. Eu2Mn2/3Ta4/3O7 has two kinds of distorted (Mn, Ta)O6 octahedra and HTB layers, which deviates from the regular forms. Europium atoms coordinate to eight or seven oxygen atoms and lead to two kinds of polyhedra, EuO8 and EuO7 in this compound.     

Application of UV/VIS‐Reflection Spectroscopy for Determination of the Oxidation State of Liquid Slags with High Fe3+‐Contents

This work considers the reflectivity of liquid oxides (silicates and phosphates) in the ultraviolet and visible spectral range using a reflection angle of 0°. We have developed a spectroscopic reflection method (impulse‐flash‐technique) and have investigated CaO‐FeO_n‐SiO₂ and CaO‐FeO_n‐P₂O₅ with Fe₂O₃‐contents above 32 mol‐% (FeO_1.5) at a temperature of 1400°C applying oxygen partial pressures of p_o2 = 0.001 bar up to p_o2 = 0.21 bar. The increased reflectivity in the ultraviolet spectral range is based on the very intensive electron transfer (charge transfer bands, CT) from the oxide ion (bound to the respective matrix) to the Fe³⁺‐ion. The increased reflectivities in the visible spectral range are due to d‐d‐transitions in the Fe³⁺‐ion located in Fe³⁺‐O^2? ‐complexes. This can be proven in the following way. The reflection bands in the visible range are much less pronounced than the CT‐bands in the UV range. In the slag melts, complexes with the coordination number 4, Fe³⁺(O^2?)₄, have been found predominantly. The relation between the redox state of liquid slags and their UV‐reflectance has been evaluated quantitatively. The basic investigations for recording the redox state of liquid silicates and phosphates during a running metallurgic process are part of this work. Liquid silicates and phosphates are the most important slag systems in this context.     

红土矿还原焙砂常压酸浸液用SO2/O2氧化除铁的研究

在实验室条件下采用SO2和O2混合气体为氧化剂,开展了从预还原焙烧红土矿常压酸浸液中氧化、除铁的研究.模拟浸出液中Fe2+的质量浓度为10.2 g/L,实验温度分别为60、70、80和90℃.氧化后的Fe(Ⅲ)基本以针铁矿的形式沉淀除去,沉淀过程中加入碱式碳酸镁为中和剂以维持溶液pH值恒定.氧化、沉淀除铁的pH值控制范围为1.7至3.2.实验结果表明,SO2和O2混合气体可加速Fe2+的氧化,且SO2的优化配比取决于混合气体的流量.在优化配比情况下,混合气体中SO2的利用率在97%左右.SO2含量超过最优配比时,过量的SO2则会被溶液中的Fe3+氧化.除铁沉淀渣中的镍含量(质量分数)不超过0.05%,镍仅有少量损失于除铁渣中.