HDDR技术制备高性能稀土永磁磁粉研究

利用HDDR技术研究了NdFeCoBZrGa合金的磁性能.研究了HD处理温度对合金磁粉磁性能和DOA的影响规律;研究了DR处理温度对合金磁粉磁性能和DOA的影响规律;研究了合金成分对合金磁粉磁性能和DOA的影响规律.结果表明通过适当工艺的调整,成功制备出高性能、高各向异性粘结磁体磁粉.对于成分为Nd13FgbalCo17B6 5Zr01Ga10的合金,其磁性能达到iHc=817.6kA/m,Br=1.18T,(BH)max=244kJ/m3,其取向度DOA达到0.56.     

纳米晶复合Nd9.5Fe81-xCoxZr3B6.5永磁材料磁性能的研究

采用熔体快淬及晶化退火工艺制备了Nd9.5Fe81-xCoxZr3B6.5(x=0、2、5、8、10)纳米晶合金条带,研究了Co的添加对快淬合金磁性能和居里温度的影响.结果表明,适量Co元素的添加能够有效降低各相晶粒的尺寸,增强了软、硬磁相晶粒的交换耦合作用,从而提高了合金的磁性能.Co含量为5%(原子分数)的合金,经670℃/4min的晶化处理后所得到的最佳磁性能为`Br=0.90T,jHc=588kA/m,(BH)max=117kJ/m3.     

纳米晶复合Nd8.5Fe76.6-xGaxCo5Zr2.7B6.2(x=0～0.5) 粘结磁体磁性能的研究

采用快淬和晶化退火法制备了成分为Nd8.5Fe76.6-xGaxCo5Zr2.7B6.2(x=0～0.5)的纳米晶复合永磁粘结磁体,研究了其磁性能的变化.结果表明,适量Ga元素的添加能有效提高磁体退磁曲线的方形度,进而提高磁体的最大磁能积.Ga含量0.2%(原子分数),快淬速度为16.0m/s的合金经670℃/4min的晶化处理后,制得的粘结磁体具有较佳的磁性能:Br=0.745T,jHc=730.1kA/m,(BH)max=80.1kJ/m3.适量的Ga元素的添加可以提高磁体的温度稳定性.Ga含量为0.2%(原子分数)的合金具有较好的温度系数,在25～150℃温度区间内剩磁温度系数α=-0.091%/℃,内禀矫顽力温度系数β=-0.353%/℃.     

脉冲磁场退火对纳米晶复合Nd8.5Fe77Co5Zr2.7Ga0.6B6.2永磁合金磁性能的影响

对快淬Nd8.5Fe77Co5Zr2.7Ga0.6B6.2合金,采用脉冲磁场下热处理的方法制备纳米晶复合永磁材料,研究脉冲磁退火对合金的晶化过程、相组成、交换耦合作用以及磁性能的影响,结果表明,同常规退火相比,脉冲磁退火降低了合金的最佳退火温度,改善了合金的微结构,从而增强了软、硬磁性晶粒间的交换耦合作用,明显提高了合金的磁性能,经670℃脉冲磁退火后合金具有最佳的磁性能,即iHc=586kA/m,Jr=1.01T,(BH)max=138kJ/m3,最大磁能积比常规退火工艺条件下提高了15%。     

非晶Fe78Si9B13合金结构对磁性的影响

研究了普通退火对非晶Fe78Si9B13合金磁性能和结构的影响.实验发现:经不同温度退火1h后,试样的静态磁性能在Ta=390℃呈现最佳值;损耗则在Ta=440℃呈现最低值;在Ta=440℃经不同时间退火后,试样在ta=2h呈现横向感生磁各向异性.由退火后试样的初始磁导率与温度的关系及磁致伸缩系数的变化结果表明,当有极少量的α-Fe(Si)晶体相析出时,可明显改善合金的动态磁性能;当α-Fe(Si)晶体相进一步析出时,可使合金呈现良好的恒导磁特性.     

纳米晶复合Nd9.5Fe76Co5Zr3-xNbxB6.5（x=0～3.0）粘结磁体的磁性能和温度系数的研究

采用熔体快淬法及真空退火工艺制备了Nd9.5Fe76Co5Zr3-xNbxB6.5(x=0～3.0)粘结磁体,研究了其磁性能及温度系数。结果表明,随着Nb含量的增加,合金剩磁逐渐提高,磁能积和矫顽力呈现先增大后减小的趋势。Zr元素与Nb元素复合添加,能够有效地改善矫顽力温度系数β。经最佳条件退火处理后制备的Nd9.5Fe76Co5Zr1.5Nb1.5B6.5的粘结磁体,具有最优的综合磁性能:Br=0.717T,Hcj=773kA/m,(BH)max=82kJ/m3,α20～150℃=-0.111%/℃,β20～150℃=-0.356%/℃。     

快淬速度对(Nd,Pr)10.5(FeCoZr)83.5B6显微结构和磁性能的影响

采用部分过快淬加后续晶化退火处理工艺,研究了快淬速度对低稀土含量双相复合(Nd,Pr)10.5(FeCoZr)83.5B6合金显微结构和粘结磁体磁性能的影响.合金快淬转轮线速度为24,26,28和30 m·s-1,退火温度655～715℃,退火时间5～20min.快淬速度直接影响条带的显微结构和磁体磁性能.以26m·s-1速度快淬出的条带,快淬态由非晶和微晶混合组成,在700℃经10min晶化处理,可获得平均晶粒尺寸约30nm的均匀、细小显微组织,磁性能也最佳.用3.25wt%环氧树脂粘结的磁体磁性能为Br=0.703T,Hci=544 kA·m-1,Hcb=351 kA·m-1,(BH)m=70 KJ·m-3.     

旋转磁场热处理对钴基非晶合金静磁性与磁稳定性的影响

居里温度T_c低于晶化温度T_x的钴基非晶合金的磁性同旋转、磁退火的温度T_aRFA、保温时间t_aRFA、和冷速V_aRFA密切相关,其中Fe CoVSi B合金在T_aRFA=350℃、t_aRFA=20min和V_aRFA=6℃/min时;FeCoNiSiB合金在T_aRFA=300℃、t_aRFA=30min和V_aRFA=6℃/min时,两种成分的μ_o与H_c值皆获得较为明显的改善,而B_s和B_r值无明显变化,仅略有增加,值得注意的是,实验发现旋转磁退火不仅能明显的提高非晶合金的磁性,同时也能改善它的磁稳定性。     

热处理对Nd12.3Fe81.5Cu0.2B6快淬薄带组织和磁性能的影响

研究了不同热处理制度对Nd12.3Fe81.5Cu0.2B6合金薄带的组织和磁性能的影响.结果表明在550℃,15min热处理后的合金薄带有最佳的磁性能,达到Jr=1.006T,Hci=793.7kA/m,(BH)max=146kJ/m3.与淬态样品相比,剩磁、矫顽力、磁能积分别提高了18.1%、48.7%、95.0%.用X射线衍射仪和VSM对Nd12.3Fe81.5Cu0.2B6合金淬态样和退火样进行了相分析,发现淬态样中存在少量非晶相,导致其性能偏低.随着退火温度的升高和退火时间的延长,Nd2Fe14B相晶粒长大,降低了晶粒间的交换耦合作用,导致磁性能下降.用TEM对550℃,15min热处理后的合金薄带研究发现:添加Cu后得到细小均匀、晶粒大小约为30nm的组织,并且大部分晶粒呈多面体形状.处理后的合金薄带中基本不合非晶相.     

纳米晶复合Nd10Fe76B10Nb4-xZrx（x=0～4）永磁合金的磁性能研究

采用熔体快淬法制备了成分为Nd10Fe76B10Nb4-xZrx(x=0～4)的合金条带,退火处理后得到了纳米晶复合永磁合金。利用振动样品磁强计(VSM)分析了该合金体系的退磁曲线、磁交互作用曲线(δM-H曲线)、磁化率χ随外加磁场变化曲线,研究了其磁性能及软、硬磁性相间的交换耦合作用的变化。结果表明,添加适量的Zr元素可细化晶粒,从而有效地增强合金中软、硬磁性相间的交换耦合作用,进而提高合金的综合磁性能。当Zr含量为2%(原子分数)时,制得的合金具有最佳的综合磁性能:jHc=1059.16kA/m,Br=1.08T,(BH)max=185.72kJ/m3。     

Low temperature magnetic measurements of NENP

The temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility, (T), of two samples of the S=1 linear-chain Heisenberg antiferromagnet Ni(C₂H₈N₂)₂NO₂(ClO₄), known as NENP, has been measured from 400 K to 264 µK. Our measurements are in agreement with existing results of other researchers who worked above 1.2 K. Below 1.2 K, (T) increases with decreasing temperature. The results suggest that this increase is intrinsic to the NENP and is not a consequence of a single source of paramagnetic impurities in the samples. Scientific Instruments Graduate Student Fellow     

掺铁氧化锌室温磁性半导体

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Zn0.98Fe0.02O块材样品,利用XRD检测了样品的结构.结果表明样品具有ZnO的六角结构,并且只有ZnO的衍射峰出现,没有Fe或Fe的化合物等杂相存在,说明样品只包含单相ZnO.结果还进一步说明掺杂的部分Fe替代了部分Zn的位置.利用VSM所作的分析测量表明,样品是铁磁性的,且居里温度高于室温.     

Ultimate temperature stability of a magnetic refrigerator

The ultimate stability limit of an isothermal demagnetization feedback control system is discussed.     

室温磁制冷回热器数值模拟

介绍了一种磁制冷回热器的数值计算模型,不仅适用于匀速流,也适用于正弦流.该模型是基于控制容积法计算的一维周期流动模型,并对常规回热器内填料能量控制方程进行了修正,考虑了磁性材料磁热效应的影响,相当于添加内热源.计算分析了某些特征参数变化对制冷性能的影响,给出的部分模拟结果为后续实验台的改造提供参考.     

Analysis of room temperature magnetic regenerative refrigeration

Results of a room temperature magnetic refrigeration test bed and an analysis using a computational model are presented. A detailed demonstration of the four sequential processes in the transient magnetocaloric regeneration process of a magnetic material is presented. The temperature profile during the transient approach to steady state operation was measured in detail. A 5 °C evolution of the difference of temperature between the hot end and the cold end of the magnetocaloric bed due to regeneration is reported. A model is developed for the heat transfer and fluid mechanics of the four sequential processes in each cycle of thermal wave propagation in the regenerative bed combined with the magnetocaloric effect. The basic equations that can be used in simulation of magnetic refrigeration systems are derived and the design parameters are discussed.     

Influence of temperature on magnetic properties of ion-beam sputter-deposited perpendicular magnetic media

Co-Cr perpendicular magnetic media deposited by ion-beam sputter methods show magnetic properties similar to those obtained by radio frequency (RF) sputtering. Coercivity, ratio of perpendicular to parallel squareness, and X-ray orientation are strikingly improved when the substrate is heated. Independent control of substrate temperature makes ion-beam sputter deposition an attractive candidate for deposition of perpendicular magnetic films.     

Numerical investigations on internal temperature distribution and refrigeration performance of reciprocating active magnetic regenerator of room temperature magnetic refrigeration

A two-dimension porous medium model for a reciprocating active magnetic regenerator (AMR) of room temperature magnetic refrigeration has been developed. The thermal diffusion effect, heat flux boundary effect and variable fluid physical properties are considered in the model. In the paper, we compare the numerical results of the porous medium model with the experimental data and the calculation results of one-dimension Schumann model to validate our model. Our model can simulate the operation of the reciprocating AMR effectively. With the present model, the internal heat exchange between the two phases is numerically investigated. The two dimensional temperature distributions of the magnetic refrigerant and the refrigeration performance of AMR are obtained, and the influence of the heat flux boundary effect and the variable fluid properties on them is discussed. AMR can achieve a maximum refrigeration capacity of 293.7 W with a corresponding coefficient of performance (COP) of 5.4.     

Effects of rotating magnetic field and temperature field on comminution of magnetic particles

Abstract

This study examines the movement patterns and comminution of magnetic Ni particles in pure water in a flask. This flask is on top of an actuator which contains a rotating bar magnet, and is surrounded by circulating water at a constant temperature. A digital camera, a particle size analyzer and a field emission electron microscope were adopted to record the moving patterns, particle size distributions and micrographs of magnetic Ni particles. A thermocouple was employed to measure the temperature of pure water in the flask during Ni particle attrition. The effect of the temperature of the water that circulated around the periphery of the flask and the effect of the shape of the flask were analyzed. This study also investigated the effects of the water‐to‐particulate mass ratio and the placement of a bar magnet with an interface between the positive and negative poles in a bar magnet at an inclination angle on the shrinking and the moving pattern of the Ni particles.     

Permanent magnetic materials with low reversible temperature coefficient

Permanent magnets made from SmCo5exhibit negative reversible change in magnetization with increasing temperature, typically of the order of 0.04% per deg C between -100 and +200°C. For certain special applications in precision instruments such as gyros and accelerometers, it is highly desirable to improve this property. Earlier studies have shown that ternaries of the composition RxSm1-xCo5(where R = Gd, Ho, Er, or Dy and x is nearly 0.4) exhibit improved temperature compensation. A systematic investigation of the temperature coefficients of magnetization of a number of quaternaries in the temperature range 100-400 K has been undertaken. The effect of variation of the cobalt concentration on the temperature compensation of one typical system has also been examined. The results indicate that good temperature compensated magnets can be synthesized with composition Sm0.6Gd0.3DY0.1Co5(α = 0.0056 at 200-300 K; 0.002 at 300-350 K and ∼0 at 350-400 K). Slight variation of cobalt concentration does not have significant effects on the temperature compensation. Lattice constants, saturation magnetization, and the theoretical energy products of a number of quaternaries are also reported.