聚苯乙烯的催化降解

聚苯乙烯是应用最广的热塑性塑料之一。聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料在工业上应用广泛,但由于其在自然界中,既不腐烂,也不易被微生物降解,因此,容易形成白色污染。介绍了聚苯乙烯的催化降解,并得出了使用催化剂不同,降解产品也不同的结论。此外,还指出采用高效、价廉的催化剂,对废旧聚苯乙烯进行高效、清洁的回收和利用,将会极大的促进聚苯乙烯产业的发展。     

Praktische Hinweise zur Wahl des Werkstoffs von Maschinen und Apparaten

Materials for production plants must be corrosion resistant and mechanically stable. Additionally, the plant hygiene and product hygiene may represent key aspects, depending on the product. Typical materials for the equipment in the chemical, pharmaceutical and food industries are high‐quality stainless steels as well as special metals, super alloys, non‐metals and plastics. To avoid contaminations, the stainless steel equipment is polished on the product contact surfaces. Chemical resistant special materials are used as massive material or often applied on a steel base.     

聚乙烯塑料油墨用粘连剂的研制

通过对原材料、工艺路线的选择 ,配方的设计和筛选 ,研制出了适于聚乙烯塑料油墨用的粘连剂———特殊型的氯化聚烯烃改性树脂 ,产品结构和性能达到了国外同类产品的水平 ,解决了聚乙烯印刷油墨脱落的关键技术难题     

掺杂CdTe量子点的凝胶光子晶体制备

先将单分散的聚苯乙烯微球通过垂直沉积法自组装得到聚苯乙烯光子晶体模板,再将水相合成法制备的巯基丙酸改性CdTe量子点与丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺、过硫酸铵、N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺等水凝胶前驱液混合填入聚苯乙烯光子晶体模板中,引发交联聚合,得到掺杂CdTe量子点的凝胶光子晶体。分别采用扫描电镜（SEM）、光纤光谱仪、固体荧光分光光度计对材料进行了表征,结果表明该材料既具有光子晶体的三维面心立方结构和光子带隙特征,又具有CdTe量子点荧光性能。     

聚芳基乙炔树脂及其复合材料的研究现状

聚芳基乙炔具有杰出的耐高温性能,可作为热防护材料的基体树脂,并且其碳纤维／PAA复合材料的耐烧蚀性能和可靠性远远高于传统的碳／酚醛,其耐高温性能优于当前性能最好的聚酰亚胺（PI）,结构稳定性和吸湿性远优于环氧树脂,因此在航天器部件方面有很大应用潜力。主要介绍了聚芳基乙炔的单体、合成方法、性能特点、改性及其复合材料的研究进展和发展前景。     

Differential thermal analysis of premix polymer cement materials

In this paper, the use of DTA thermograms, to examine the interaction between premix polymer systems and hydrating cement, are described. The thermograms indicate that the polymerisation method (i.e., thermal or irradiation) has little effect on the nature of the hydration products. It was also observed that polystyrene, polyvinyl acetate, polymethyl methacrylate and polyester-styrene, as premix components, react with the hydrating cement. Polystyrene and polyisoprene have no effect on the calcium hydroxide endotherm while polyacrylonitrile and polymethyl methacrylate have a slight effect. Polyvinyl acetate and polyester-styrene markedly reduce the calcium hydroxide endotherm and reduce the maturity of the paste.     

聚丙烯成型工艺研究

聚丙烯(PP)作为塑料三大原料之一,其无毒无味且物理性均优于其他同类产品。在常温时,聚丙烯可用作耐腐蚀零件;而在110℃时,则可用作绝缘零件。基于其应用广泛性,不同等级PP制品所用的成型工艺各不相同,对聚丙烯注射成型及挤出成型的工艺进行了探究。     

高抗冲聚苯乙烯废旧料高强改性再生技术

文章阐述了典型家电用塑料HIPS的回收料进行功能化设计和高强改性的技术路线,探讨了HIPS废旧料再生成为家电产品专用料的关键技术,即回收料的分选回收和再生料的配方设计,并对当前国内外最新的研究进展进行了介绍。再生型HIPS家电专用料不仅极大地缓解了环境污染的压力,还能变废为宝,成为市场需求量大、附加值高的材料。     

HIPS回收料的增韧改性研究

高抗冲聚苯乙烯(HIPS)是由弹性体改性聚苯乙烯制成的热塑性材料,HIPS是最便宜的工程塑料之一。而对于HIPS回收料来说,其性能相对于新料降低了很多,特别是冲击强度。本研究主要是通过添加SBS、蒙脱土、SMA对HIPS回收料进行增韧改性,同时采用多组对比的方法对HIPS回收料的性能进行比较,研制出综合性能达到甚至超越HIPS新料的HIPS回收料改性树脂。通过实验分析,当SBS添加8份,SMA添加3份,蒙脱土添加3份时其综合性能特别是冲击强度得到改善。     

Overview on Polystyrene/Nanoclay Composite: Physical Properties and Application

This article reviews the research and progress on polystyrene and nanoclay-based nanocomposite. Polystyrene is one of the most extensively used commercial polymers in the world. This review is designed to be an expansive source for polystyrene–clay nanocomposite research, including synthesis, characterization, structure/property relationship, manufacturing techniques, and applications considering thermal, mechanical, barrier, electrical conductivity, non-flammability, and biodegradability. The frequently used clays with polystyrene are montmorillonite, bentonite, hectorite, and kaolinite. The polystyrene–clay nanocomposite has several interesting commercial significances in packaging, automotive, fuel cell, construction, and electrical materials. Finally, future challenges toward the technical applications of these advance materials have been discussed.     

Styrol als Rohstoff für Lackbindemittel und Lacke

Styrene as Raw Material for Paint Binders and Paints Monostyrene is highly reactive and it can undergo homopolymerisation as well as mixed polymerisation. Polystyrene, which is mainly used in thermoplastic materials, can not be employed as binder for paints; thus, for example, the films adhere neither to wood nor to metal. Polystyrene does not withstand other raw materials of paints. In contrast, monostyrene is significant as copolymerisation partner for paint binders, such as acryl resins, dispersions, styrene-containing alkyd resins and unsaturated polyester resins. In the processing of polyester resins and polyester paints, the paint manufacturers have to handle monostyrene; hence they should be aware of the reactivity, sensitivity and physiological activity of monostyrene. These aspects are dealt with too.     

Synthesis of mesoporous carbon supports via liquid impregnation of polystyrene onto a MCM-48 silica template

Mesoporous MCM-48 was synthesised and used as a template to synthesise mesoporous carbon materials. Polystyrene, the carbon source, together with sulfuric acid and toluene were added to the template (160 °C for 6 h) and this procedure generated a low surface area carbon supported/MCM-48 material. A repeat addition and carbonisation step was needed to form the precursor carbon/MCM-48 material that was pyrolysed at 900 °C to generate graphitic mesoporous carbon materials, characterised by XRD, HR-TEM, Raman spectroscopy and surface area analysis. The effect of the amount of polystyrene as well as the role of the pyrolysis temperature on the final product was investigated. This synthesis methodology can readily be controlled to produce partially ordered graphitic mesoporous carbon supports with predictable pore width and surface area.     

冷桥用PA66挤出异型条专用料研究

介绍采用双螺杆挤出机生产冷桥用PA66挤出异型条专用料的配方及工艺。该专用料以PA66为主体原料，经玻纤，改性剂，滑石粉共混改性制成。分析了几种改性材料对冷桥用PA66挤出异型条专用料性能的影响，并探讨了PA66自身性能对专用料性能的影响。该专用料经有关厂家使用，其性能达到使用要求。     

纳米抗菌塑料制备工艺的研究

研制了一种由纳米级抗菌材料组成的新型纳米抗菌塑料。介绍了纳米抗菌材料的性能、特征及其制备方法；阐述了塑料与纳米抗菌材料的相容性、分散性；探讨了纳米抗菌塑料的材料制备工艺及其制品的注射成型工艺，并对注射成型工艺参数进行优化，为抗菌塑料的制备和应用提供了依据。     

苯乙烯-丙烯腈-顺丁烯二酸酐三元共聚物的应用

介绍了苯乙烯-丙烯腈-顺丁烯二酸酐三元共聚物(SAM)在工程塑料高性能化方面的用途,以及其本身作为基体材料使用时的性能;阐述了经SAM增容后,聚酰胺6/丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物(ABS)合金所展示的优异低温抗冲击性能。从应用和生产角度,表明了SAM按其组成不同分别可用作基体树脂、增容剂、耐热ABS的基础原料等。国内已有批量的SAM产品推向市场。     

聚苯乙烯接枝包覆硫磺微胶囊的制备与表征

以合成硫磺为芯材,聚苯乙烯为壳材,采用原位接枝改性聚合方法制备了聚苯乙烯接枝包覆硫磺微胶囊,研究了不同苯乙烯/硫磺颗粒配比对微胶囊形貌的影响,制备了粒径均一分布的硫磺微胶囊,且分散均匀。结果表明苯乙烯的含量对微胶囊的表面形貌有很大影响,经包覆之后硫磺微胶囊的热稳定性提高。     

Perspectives of Polystyrene Composite with Fullerene,Carbon Black,Graphene, and Carbon Nanotube: A Review

The use of polystyrene-based materials has become very important due to a wide range of industrial applications. Different types of nanofillers such as fullerene, carbon black, graphite, graphene, and carbon nanotube have been used with polystyrene to attain high-performance materials. Fabrication and unique properties of composites are considered here. Use of fullerene to improve thermal stability of polystyrene/fullerene composite has been explored. Polystyrene /carbon black composite have found to improve thermal, electrical, and rheological properties. Polystyrene/graphite nanosheet composite have been used in different applications due to mechanical and electrical properties. Polystyrene/carbon nanotube composite have been studied for enhanced tribological properties.     

The effect of plastic addition on coal caking properties during carbonization

The recycling process of waste plastics using coke ovens is now being studied. The effect of plastic addition on coal caking property was investigated. It was revealed that thermal decomposition products of plastics interacted with bituminous coal during carbonization in coke ovens. The effect of plastic addition on coal caking property varied with types of plastics. The addition of aliphatic polymers such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) had only a small effect on coal caking property and coke strength and in some cases PE addition increased coke strength. On the other hand, the addition of polystyrene (PS), poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and terephtalic acid (TFA) inhibited coal expansion and fusion, decreased maximum fluidity and total dilatation, and deteriorated the coke strength. These differences were discussed from the viewpoint of the interaction between thermal decomposition products of plastics and hydrogen in coal. It was suggested that the radical formed as a result of PS or PET thermal decomposition abstracted hydrogen from coal, which resulted in the decrease in coal caking property.     

Chemical modification of polystyrene,III. Electrophilic substitution of polystyrene with aromatic anhydrides

Polystyrene has been chemically modified by Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction with trimellitic anhydride in the presence of anhydrous aluminium chloride as catalyst. The product has been characterized in respect of its structure and physicochemical properties by measuring its total capacity, thermal stability and the behaviour to pH metric titration. The thermal characteristics of the trimellitic anhydride modified polystyrene have been compared with the same for phthalic anhydride and pyromellitic dianhydride modified polystyrene in the light of their structural characteristics.     

防火防爆异型橡胶软管的制备

介绍了防火防爆异型橡胶软管的制备过程如结构设计、胶料配方设计和生产工艺等。产品设计为双腔并列结构，两条输电线路之间磁力线互相抵消。由于产品应适合防火防爆要求，主体材料选用氯丁橡胶。采用模压分段硫化工艺，设计新的半封闭管坯工艺。产品具有外形美观、挺性好、易于连接和固定、安全性能好、使用寿命长等特点。