Sn/ZrO2镀层的制备及ZrO2纳米粒子对电沉积过程的影响

在酸性硫酸盐体系中，采用超声辅助电沉积制备Sn/ZrO₂复合镀层，探究了超声功率、ZrO₂纳米粒子浓度和阴极电流密度对Sn/ZrO₂复合镀层的耐蚀性影响；通过线性扫描伏安法和交流阻抗法，研究了Sn/ZrO₂体系中ZrO₂纳米粒子对电化学反应过程的影响；通过SEM和XRD分别测试镀层形貌和微观结构。实验结果表明，较优电沉积工艺为:超声功率为300 W，ZrO₂纳米粒子浓度为7 g/L，阴极电流密度为2.5 A/dm2。在较优条件下，探究纯Sn镀层和Sn/ZrO₂复合镀层电沉积过程，超声辅助纳米粒子的加入使镀层表面更加致密，增加了沉积过程活性位点，促进了Sn2+的沉积，细化了晶粒，使得镀层表面更加平整致密。      

三价铬超声-脉冲电沉积Fe-Ni-Cr/SiC纳米复合镀层

利用超声-脉冲复合电沉积法,在三价铬镀液体系中,添加羧酸盐-尿素配合剂和SiC纳米颗粒,制备了Fe-Ni-Cr/SiC纳米复合镀层.研究了超声-脉冲工艺参数与SiC纳米粒子复合量、Cr含量及镀层厚度的关系;利用稳态极化曲线和循环伏安法分析了超声波对阴极电化学行为的影响.结果表明,超声-脉冲作用均有利于基质金属Fe、Ni和Cr的电沉积,提高了镀层中SiC和Cr的含量以及镀层的厚度.利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和能谱仪对Fe-Ni-Cr/SiC纳米复合镀层的表面形貌、微观结构和组成等进行表征,发现采用该技术可制备厚度为23.56μm,SiC和Cr质量分数分别为4.1%和25.1%的Fe-Ni-Cr/SiC纳米复合镀层.磨损量和腐蚀曲线测试结果表明,SiC含量高的复合镀层,其耐磨性和耐蚀性更好.      

Ni-Co/ZrO_2复合镀层的形貌与性能研究

通过超声辅助复合电沉积方法在氨基磺酸盐体系中制备了Ni-Co/ZrO_2复合镀层。采用单一变量法探讨了电流密度、ZrO_2粉体质量浓度和超声功率对电沉积Ni-Co/ZrO_2复合镀层硬度的影响,优化了Ni-Co/ZrO_2复合镀的工艺参数;对镀层进行了纳米压痕测试,并采用场发射扫描电子显微镜表征优化后Ni-Co/ZrO_2复合镀层的形貌和成分。研究结果表明,优化的电沉积工艺参数为:阴极电流密度5A/dm~2,ZrO_2粉体质量浓度10g/L,超声功率240W。在此条件下,Ni-Co/ZrO_2复合镀层的纳米硬度、弹性模量以及硬模比分别达到6.13GPa、291GPa和0.021,镀层平整致密,ZrO_2纳米粒子较好地复合于金属基质中。     

铜-纳米金属氧化物复合镀层的制备及组织性能研究

采用铜和纳米SiO2，TiO2粉末的复合电化学沉积，在金属表面上分别获得了金属氧化物增强Cu基复合材料镀层。对复合电沉积镀层的微观组织形貌和性能进行了分析研究。结果表明：纳米级金属氧化物粒子在电场作用下能快速沉积，形成表面致密的复合镀层，随镀覆时间的增加，复合层中微粒的粒度增加，且优先以先沉积的粒子为核心而长大。工艺参数确定后，合理选择镀覆时间就能控制复合材料的组成及沉积粒子的尺寸大小。而且参与复合的纳米级金属氧化物粒子尺寸越细小，复合镀过程中粒子的长大趋向越小，复合镀层硬度越高。     

Ni-Co/ZrO_2复合镀层的电化学研究和性能表征

在酸性氨基磺酸盐溶液体系中,采用共沉积技术制备Ni-Co/ZrO_2复合镀层。通过阴极线性扫描测试,研究了Ni-Co/ZrO_2复合体系中纳米粒子对电化学反应过程的影响;通过SEM、XRD测试分别研究了复合镀层的表面形貌和微观结构;通过Tafel曲线测试镀层的耐蚀性能,通过退火后的显微硬度测试表征镀层的热稳定性能。试验结果表明:Ni-Co/ZrO_2共沉积电位大约为-0.90V;与Ni-Co合金相比,Ni-Co/ZrO_2复合镀层表面更加均一致密,晶粒更加细小,耐蚀性和热稳定性更好。     

Ni-WC复合镀层的制备与研究

采用复合电沉积工艺制备了Ni-WC复合镀层,通过SEM、EDS、XRD和金相显微镜等手段对其结构与表面和断面形貌进行了观察表征,并通过试验研究了Ni-WC复合镀层的耐磨损性能,借助matlab软件拟合了镀液中WC浓度与镀层中WC含量的关系曲线。结果表明:WC微粒随着电沉积过程逐步嵌入复合镀层并均匀分布,镀层与基体间结合良好,随着镀层中WC含量的增加,镀层的耐磨性也随之增加,拟合的曲线出现一定偏离,经修正之后能较好的预测试验结果。     

不同Al_2O_3分散对Ni-W复合镀层组织及磨损性能影响

为进一步提高Ni-W-Al_2O_3复合镀层的摩擦磨损性能,采用十二烷基硫酸钠和1.4丁炔二醇两种表面活性剂在不同场下分别对Al_2O_3颗粒进行不同情形化学分散,并通过直流电沉积技术在45#钢基体上成功制备了Ni-W-Al_2O_3复合镀层,运用摩擦磨损实验机、三维表面轮廓仪、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)等研究不同Al_2O_3分散方式下所得复合镀层的表面形貌、磨损失重、磨损率与磨痕形貌,并对比其摩擦磨损性能。结果表明,用1.4丁炔二醇分散所得复合镀层表现出优良的磨损性能,耐磨性也最好;与相同情况下Al_2O_3未分散所得镀层相比,其耐磨性提高近4倍,磨损率最小为2.51×10~(-6)mm~3·(N·m)~(-1)。稳恒磁场下用1.4丁炔二醇分散所得镀层磨损率较Al_2O_3未分散所得镀层磨损率降低了24%,超声场下磨损率则相对降低了34.8%。显微组织分析得出:稳恒磁场下用1.4丁炔二醇分散Al_2O_3所得复合镀层表面形貌均匀致密,针孔、缺陷明显减少,超声场下镀层表面形貌致密度加大,针孔、缺陷消失,但晶粒长大较明显。     

Ni-SiO2复合镀层电沉积制备及组织性能研究

利用直流电沉积方法在Zr-4合金表面制备了Ni-SiO₂复合镀层,采用场发射扫描电镜、显微硬度计、电化学工作站、摩擦磨损试验机等研究复合镀层的表面形貌、显微硬度、耐腐蚀性及摩擦磨损性能。研究结果表明:与单一的Ni镀层相比较,Ni-SiO₂复合镀层的显微硬度值有所提升,表面更为均匀,Ni-SiO₂复合镀层的耐腐蚀性能和耐磨性能也得到明显提升。且当SiO₂颗粒添加量为10 g/L时,复合镀层的综合性能较优。      

WC复合镀层耐腐蚀性能研究

采用复合电沉积工艺制备了Ni-WC复合镀层,通过SEM、EDS和金相显微镜对其表面和断面形貌进行了观察,并借助电化学手段研究了Ni-WC复合镀层在3.5%NaCl腐蚀液中耐蚀性能。结果表明:WC微粒随着电沉积过程逐步埋入复合镀层并均匀分布,镀层与基体间结合良好,在3.5%NaCl腐蚀液中,复合镀层比纯镍镀层相比,腐蚀电位正移而腐蚀电流减少,耐腐蚀能力得到提高。     

超声电沉积Ni-Co/ZrO_2复合镀层的电化学研究

在氨基磺酸盐溶液中,采用共沉积技术制备Ni-Co/ZrO_2镀层。借助电化学方法,通过阴极线性扫描和计时电流测试,研究镀层电结晶初期共沉积行为和电化学反应过程,探究镀层成核模型;对镀层的表面形貌、微观结构进行表征。结果表明,Ni-Co/ZrO_2镀层共沉积电位大约在-0.80V左右;镀层的形核/生长过程符合受扩散控制的Scharifker-Hill瞬时成核模型;镀层表面均一致密,晶粒细小。     

Al2O3含量对Ni-W-Al2O3复合镀层性能的影响

采用直流电沉积技术在45#钢基体上制备Ni-W-Al2O3复合镀层,通过显微硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机、划痕仪等研究Al2O3颗粒含量对复合镀层的力学性能及摩擦磨损性能等的影响,并用SEM、XRD对复合镀层的表面断面形貌、物相结构进行分析.结果表明,Ni-W-Al2O3复合镀层为晶态结构,其耐磨性能明显优于Ni-W镀层,且随着Al2O3颗粒含量的增加,复合镀层的摩擦系数呈现出先减小后增大趋势.磨损形式主要表现为粘着磨损与磨粒磨损.复合镀层与基体之间结合牢固,结合力大小约为70~80 N.当Al2O3含量为5 g/L时,复合镀层的综合性能最优.     

铁基Cr3C2复合涂层的组织及性能研究

利用空气燃料超音速火焰喷涂技术(HVAF)在D2钢表面制得Cr3C2-FeCrBSi复合涂层.借用光学显微镜(OM)、维氏硬度计、扫描电镜(SEM)、拉伸试验机及摩擦磨损试验机对复合涂层的显微结构、力学性能及摩擦磨损性能进行表征与测试,研究了不同比例纳米-微米Cr3C2陶瓷增强相对复合涂层组织结构及性能的影响.试验结果...     

Preparation and tribological performance of electrodeposited Ni-TiB2-Dy2O3 composite coatings

TiB2 and Dy2O3 were used as codeposited particles in the preparation of Ni-TiB2-Dy2O3 composite coatings to improve its per-formance. Ni-TiB2-Dy2O3 composite coatings were prepared by electrodeposition method with a nickel cetyltrimethylanunonium bromide and hexadecylpyridinium bromide solution containing TiB2 and Dy2O3 particles. The content of codeposited TiB2 and Dy2O3 in the compos-ite coatings was controlled by adding TiB2 and Dy2O3 particles of different concentrations into the solution, respectively. The effects of TiB2 and Dy2O3 content on microhardness, wear mass loss and friction coefficients of composite coatings were investigated. The composite coat-ings were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. Ni-TiB2-Dy2O3 composite coatings showed higher microhardness, lower wear mass loss and friction coefficient compared with those of the pure Ni coating and Ni-TiB2 composite coatings. The wear mass loss of Ni-TiB2-Dy2O3 composite coatings was 9 and 1.57 times lower than that of the pure Ni coating and Ni-TiB2 composite coatings, respectively. The friction coefficient of pure Ni coating, Ni-TiB2 and Ni-TiB2-Dy2O3 composite coatings were 0.723, 0.815 and 0.619, respectively. Ni-TiB2-Dy2O3 composite coat-ings displayed the least friction coefficient among the three coatings. DY2O3 particles in composite coatings might serve as a solid lubricant between contact surfaces to decrease the friction coefficient and abate the wear of the composite coatings. The loading-bearing capacity and the wear-reducing effect of the Dy2O3 particles were closely related to the content of Dy2O3 particles in the composite coatings.     

Preparation and performance of electrodeposited Ni-TiB₂-Sm₂O₃ composite coatings

Sm2O3 and TiB2 were used as codeposited particles in electrodeposition Ni-TiB2-Sm2O3 composite coatings to improve its performance. Ni-TiB2-Sm2O3 composite coatings were electrodeposited in the nickel sulfate,hexadecylpyridinium bromide and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide solution containing TiB2 and Sm2O3 particles. The content of codeposited Sm2O3 in the composite coating was controlled by changing the concentrations of Sm2O3 particles in the solution. The composite coatings were characterized with X-ray diffraction(XRD) and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer(ICP-AES) . The effects of Sm2O3 content on microhardness,wear weight loss and friction coefficient of composite coatings were investigated,respectively. The microhardness of the Ni-TiB2-Sm2O3 composite coatings was 19.35%,16.58%,2.03% higher than that of the Ni coating,Ni-Sm2O3 and Ni-TiB2 composite coatings,respectively. The wear weight loss of the Ni-TiB2-Sm2O3 composite coatings was 7,2.33,1.22 times lower than that of the Ni coating,Ni-Sm2O3 and Ni-TiB2 composite coatings,respectively. The friction coefficient of the Ni coating,Ni-Sm2O3,Ni-TiB2 and Ni-TiB2-Sm2O3 composite coatings were 0.712,0.649,0.850 and 0.788,respectively. The loading-bearing capacity and the wear-reducing effect of the Sm2O3 particles were closely related to the content of Sm2O3 particles in the composite coatings.     

基于激光重熔的纳米陶瓷颗粒改性喷涂层的耐磨性研究

介绍了基于激光重熔技术的纳米陶瓷颗粒改性热喷涂耐磨涂层复合加工方法.以SiC纳米颗粒和WC-Co及Al2O3-TiO2热喷涂涂层为研究对象,进行了涂层改性加工试验.使用扫描电镜分析了纳米颗粒改性重熔涂层微观组织结构,并分别对热喷涂涂层、激光重熔喷涂涂层和纳米颗粒改性涂层进行了耐磨性测试.结果表明:SiC纳米颗粒能有效改善热喷涂涂层组织,并能显著提高涂层耐磨损性能.     

Structure and Mechanical Properties of Ni-P-Nano Al2O3 Composite Coatings Synthesized by Electroless Plating

Ni-P-nano Al2O3 composite coatings were deposited by electroless plating,and their microstructures were observed by SEM（scanning electron microscope）.The microhardness and the wear resistance of the Ni-P-nano Al2O3 composite coatings were measured using microhardness tester and block-on-ring tribometer,respectively,and the comparison with those of Ni-P coatings or Ni-P-micro Al2O3 coating was given.The influences of aging temperature on their hardness and wear resistance were analyzed.The results showed that the nano Al2O3 particles were distributed uniformly in the Ni-P-Al2O3 coatings.Among three kinds of Ni-P based coatings,the hardness and wear resistance of Ni-P-nano Al2O3 coatings were largest,and the maximum values could be obtained at 400 ℃.This indicated that the precipitation of nano Al2O3 particles would improve the hardness and wear resistance of the Ni-P coatings.     

Influence of Lanthanum on Tribological Properties and Microstructure of Laser Clad B ＋ Fe ＋ Si Composite Coatings

The effects of rare earth ferrosilicon on the microstructure and anti-wear properties of laser-clad Fe-based alloy coating were investigated. The composition of Fe, B4C and rare earth ferrosillcon powders with different contents of lanthanum were clad onto a 45 # carbon steel substrate. Microstructural features, chemical compositions, phase structure,hardness, friction and wear properties by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron microscopy (XPS),hardness tester, block-on-ring friction and wear tester of the clad coating were determined. Experimental results show that the friction coefficient of the clad coating doped with rare earth ferrosilicon is reduced while the wear resistance of clad coating doped with rare earth ferrosilicon is enhanced. When the content of lanthanum increases to 1.92%, the clad coating shows the best anti-wear ability, and as the content of lanthanum exceeds 1.92%, the wear weight loss increases quickly. The rare earth ferrosilicon to be doped in the clad coatings helps to disperse the boride phase (Fe2B, FeB, B4C)particles and refine the grain of boride phase. The enhancement of clad coating‘s wear resistance is due to the existence of dispersed boride phases.     

超音速火焰喷涂技术制备的双峰WC–CoCr涂层磨粒磨损特性

采用超音速火焰喷涂(high velocity oxy-fuel,HVOF)工艺分别制备了双峰结构和常规结构的WC–CoCr复合涂层。比较了不同结构WC–CoCr涂层的组织结构、显微硬度和断裂韧性;在涂层磨粒磨损实验的基础上,探讨了双峰结构WC–CoCr涂层的磨损机理。结果表明:与常规结构的WC–CoCr复合涂层相比,在由含质量分数30%超细WC粉末制备的双峰结构涂层中,WC在黏结相中溶解最多,断裂韧性最低;由含质量分数50%超细WC粉末制备的双峰结构涂层最致密,显微硬度与断裂韧性最高,耐磨粒磨损性能最优良。     

热处理对Ni-W-GO复合镀层组织及性能的影响

氧化石墨烯（GO）因其独特的结构和特性引起了广泛研究.论文以GO纳米片为硬质相,采用直流电沉积方法在45#钢基体上制备了Ni-W-GO复合镀层,并对其进行不同温度下的真空热处理,通过SEM、XRD、显微硬度计及摩擦磨损试验机等分析了热处理前后复合镀层的组织结构、物相、力学性能及摩擦磨损性能,分析磨损机理.结果表明:热处理过程使复合镀层晶粒尺寸逐渐增大,并伴随有微裂纹出现和中间相颗粒析出;随着热处理温度的升高,复合镀层的显微硬度及磨损性能呈现出先增大后减小的趋势,且当热处理温度为350 ℃时,维氏硬度最高达840.      

激光熔覆/离子渗硫复合改性层的表征与减摩行为

采用激光熔覆和离子渗硫复合处理在Ni基金属陶瓷涂层表面原位合成微纳米硫化物固体润滑薄膜,得到复合改性层。采用XRD、XPS、SEM、AFM、EPMA等方法对复合改性层进行了表征,在摩擦磨损实验机上研究了复合改性层干摩擦条件的摩擦磨损性能。结果表明,Ni基金属陶瓷涂层主要由γ-(Fe,Ni)、Cr2Ni3、Ni17W3、Fe0.64Ni0.36、WC、Cr7C3和CrSi2组成,显微硬度在550~625 HV0.2。渗硫层是一个3~4μm的灰黑色带状层,与基体之间无明显过渡,表面疏松而多孔,由微纳米级的尖岛状颗粒堆砌而成;渗硫层主要由单质Fe、Ni,FeS、FeS2、NiS等硫化物,Fe、Cr的氧化物组成。摩擦磨损实验结果表明,与Ni基金属陶瓷涂层相比,复合改性层的摩擦系数和磨损量都显著降低。