新年献词

一元复始，万象更新，伴随着大家的关爱和支持，凝聚着大家的心血和期望，《城市照明》第七十期和大家见面了。《城市照明》1980年创刊，创刊时名称为《城市道路照明简讯》，1985年改名为《道路照明》，2006年又一次更名为《城市照明》。隽永如一声跨越二十六载的呼唤，亲切似一份寓意永恒的牵引，敞亮在这一冬日的灿烂阳光下，第七十期《城市照明》，成为一份珍贵的礼物，献给每一位城市照明人。     

上海市《城市环境(装饰)照明规范》的制订

《上海市城市环境(装饰)照明规范》于2004年9月1日开始实施，本文阐述了该规范制订的原则和过程，并从夜间环境的安全与安保、光污染的限制、建筑物泛光照明亮度、照明艺术效果、照明设备和照明供配电等方面详细介绍了规范的内容。     

新书推荐

《城市照明设计》，《光与影的设计》，《光之建筑》，《1000 Lights》第二集——《从1960到现在》，《城市夜景照明技术指南》，《欧洲建筑照明设计》，《室外照明样式手册》，《照明设计与空间效果》，《城市公共环境设计》，[编者按]     

国外城市照明规划方法比较与分析

本文介绍了国外城市规划与城市照明的历史与发展趋势，参考多个城市照明规划案例，比较分析了几类具有代表性的照明规划方法，在此基础上，结合我国城市照明的发展现状．提出我国城市照明规划发展的焦点问题。     

我国道路照明现状与节能技术推广

2004年7月16日。建设部在其网站上公布了《节约能源——城市绿色照明示范工程》文件，以推进照明节电。并确定到2008年实现城市照明节电15％。到2010年实现建筑物室内照明节电10％的目标。对“该亮的还是要亮，不该亮的不能乱亮”作出详细的照度规范。这给各地方政府对城市照明工程指明了正确的发展方向。本文通过对我国照明现状的分析。对我国道路照明节能措施做了一个总结。     

城市照明管理法制化建设的里程碑——《城市照明管理规定》解读

<正>1城市照明管理法制化建设的发展2010年5月27日,中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部第4号令一《城市照明管理规定》以下简称《规定》正式发布,自2010年7月1日起开始施行。这是我国第一部关于城市照明管理的法规文件,是各级城市照明主管部门相关工作人员、城市照明行业从业人员盼望已久的重大事件,是我国城市照明管理法制化建设重要的里程碑。1.1城市照明管理法制化建设的发展1992年11月,建设部以第21号令的形式,颁布了《城市道路照明设施管理规定》,这是我国第一部关于城市道路照明设施管理的法规依据。九十年代中期,一些较早起步开展夜     

认真贯彻落实科学发展观 切实加强城市照明节约用电工作——在2006年中国城市照明监控，节能技术论坛的讲话

在各地城市路灯管理单位、有关科研单位和部分照明设施生产厂家的配合支持下，“2006’中国城市照明监控、节能技术论坛”今天在山东烟台如期隆重举行。这次论坛会，是在全国城市照明行业认真落实科学发展观，贯彻执行国家建设部和发改委建城[2004]204号、[2005]234号文件精神，加强城市照明节电工作的背景下举办的是我们中国市政工程协会城市道路照明专业委员会第十届二次理事会为推进实施我国《“十一五”城市绿色照明工程规划纲要》确定在今年要抓的主要工作之一。我们相信，通过这次论坛会交流城市照明设计及监控的新理念、新技术、新工艺，推广绿色照明相关节能产品，必将对全国城市道路照明节约用电、提高城市照明质量、促进城市照明朝着“高效、节能、环保、健康”的方向发展，产生现实和深远的作用。     

寄语——关于《照明设计》杂志新增英、日、韩三语摘要

《照明设计》杂志创刊于,2004年,是中国大陆合法的正式出版物。《照明设计》茌全球用多种语言发行,其合作母刊Professional Ughting Design是欧美照明领域的权威杂志。经过8年的努力,《照明设计》不仅是（国际）职业照明设计师协会的指定刊物,同时也是中国城市科学研究会官方刊物,中国照明学会指定照明专业刊物,是大中国区最具影响力的照明专业媒体。     

浅谈城市夜景照明管理

随着城市夜景照明建设的加剧，规范、科学的管理日益受到相关部门的重视。“三分建设，七分管理”，对城市夜景照明进行科学有效的日常管理，是摆在城市夜景照明管理工作者面前一个新的课题。[编者按]     

高光效高压钠灯全面推动道路绿色照明建设

不久前闭幕的两会上通过了“十一五”计划，在这项计划中，将城市绿色照明工程列入十大重点节能工程之一。建设部下发的《关于进一步加强城市照明节电工作的通知》（建城[2005]234号）也明确指出“城市照明的光源、灯具和控制系统的使用，应优先选择通过认证的高效节能产品。积极推广高压钠灯等高效照明光源产品。”这些文件都体现出我国的道路照明建设正在努力朝建设“节约型社会”的方向转化。     

Users' Needs Lighting, Start-Up Power, Transportation, Mechanical Utilities, Heating, Refrigeration, and Production

The needs for emergency and standby power to enhance industrial and commercial power systems are frequently left wanting due to ignorance of the needs or of the systems available to satisfy the needs. This paper discusses various situations which require or desire emergency or standby power and mentions suitable systems for each application. The areas discussed include lighting, start-up power, transportation, mechanical utilities, heating, refrigeration, and production.     

Grades, Quizzes, Motivation, and Computers

The following paper describes the use of a simple FORTRAN computer program that may be used to determine course grades. The program is based on processing a set of IBM punched data cards. Each card contains the name of a student and all of his grades, including the final examination grade. The program may also be used to predict the final examination grade, based on previous quiz grades, and then, in turn, to predict the final course grade. It is thus possible to use this program periodically throughout the entire semester in order to provide the student, as well as the instructor, with a measure of his progress.     

光、城市、生活、未来……——世博轴及地下综合体工程艺术灯光景观

工程介绍 世博轴及地下综合体工程（简称世博轴）位于浦东世博园核心区。南起耀华路,跨雪野路、南环路、北环路、及浦明路,到滨江世博公园。     

Dual-rotor, radial-flux, toroidally wound, permanent-magnet machines

A novel machine family-dual-rotor, radial-flux, toroidally wound, permanent-magnet (RFTPM) machines-is proposed in order to substantially improve machine torque density and efficiency. After the principles of operation, configurations, and features are discussed, the machine design and optimization guidelines are given. A prototype has been designed, built, and tested. The measured torque density of the prototype, which well matches the design value, is almost three times of that of the induction machine with the same power of 3 hp and speed. Meanwhile the efficiency is still kept high and the material cost is kept low by using ferrite magnets. Three novel approaches are proposed to reduce the cogging torque in the RFTPM machines, whose validity is verified by finite-element analysis results and experimental measurements.     

A new soft-switched, thyristor-based, regenerative, quasi-resonant,current regulated inverter

A variety of soft-switching techniques have been proposed to reduce the switching losses and EMI problems that occur with higher switching frequencies in hard-switched converters. In this paper, a new, quasi-resonant, soft-switched, three-phase inverter is presented which uses 12 thyristors as the power electronic switches, and hence has potential for use in high-power applications. The converter is fully current-regulated, suitable for high-performance motor drive applications, and is capable of 4-quadrant operation to allow regeneration back into the DC supply. The operation and the control of the inverter are described in detail and simulation and experimental results are presented     

Industrial system grounding for power, static, lightning, andinstrumentation, practical applications

Practically every structural steel building erected for industrial use incorporates reinforcing steel bars installed in the concrete footings. This, without any additional effort, constitutes a grounding electrode. The quantity of electrodes is directly related to the building area. When the structural steel framework is erected and interconnected, these electrodes are also interconnected in a parallel arrangement. Similarly, high-voltage metal transmission towers are installed using a metal footing base embedded in a concrete filled hole. The four tower legs are effectively in parallel and offer an adequate low ground resistance such that additional electrodes are generally not required. This brings us to the main point: the reinforced concrete footings, reinforced concrete grade beams, and other reinforced concrete structures provide, with a little work, an effective, reliable, and cost attractive system grounding vehicle