HDPE/sPS共混体系结构与性能的研究

用2种分子量不同的苯乙烯-(乙烯/丁烯)-苯乙烯三嵌段共聚物(SEBS)和一种苯乙烯-b-乙烯/丁烯(SEB)两嵌段共聚物为增容剂,对高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)/间规聚苯乙烯(sPS)共混物进行增容.采用扫描电镜(SEM)及拉伸试验研究了增溶剂的分子量及结构对共混物形态结构及力学性能的影响.结果表明:3种增容剂SEBS(SEB)均可有效地降低sPS分散相的尺寸并增加HDPE/sPS共混物的界面强度,从而提高其力学性能.sPS 的掺入可以显著提高HDPE的耐热性能.     

HDPE/sPS增容共混复合材料的研究

用2种分子量不同的苯乙烯-(乙烯/丁烯)-苯乙烯三嵌段共聚物(SEBS)和一种苯乙烯-b-乙烯/丁烯((SEB)两嵌段共聚物为增容剂,对高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)/间规聚苯乙烯(sPS),共混物进行增容.采用扫描电镜(SEM)及拉伸试验研究了增容剂的分子量及结构对共混物形态结构及力学性能的影响.结果表明:3种增容剂SEBS (SEB)均可有效地降低sPS分散相的尺寸并增加HDPE/sPS共混物的界面强度,从而提高其力学性能.sPS的掺入可以显著提高HDPE的耐热性能.     

PS/PMMA/SEBS三元共混体系的力学性能及相态结构研究

采用双螺杆挤出机制备了聚苯乙烯(PS)和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)及其增容体系的复合材料。通过复合材料的抗冲击性、拉伸强度、热学性能、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和拉曼Mapping成像观察,研究了不同含量的苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS)作为增容剂对PS/PMMA共混体系的力学性能以及界面结合的情况。结果表明,SEBS的加入能够有效改善PS/PMMA共混体系的相容性,提升材料的力学性能。     

填充体系对高硬度SEBS共混物性能的影响

研究了填料及其增容剂对高硬度加氢苯乙烯／丁二烯／苯乙烯(SEBS)共混物性能的影响。结果表明：填料种类和用量对共混物拉伸永久变形的影响程度高于对其它力学性能的影响程度；三元共聚物增容剂能有效地改善填料与SEBS之间的浸润，克服填料对共混物永久变形的影响。     

关于PS/PP系共混物的研究——第1报 PS/PP共混体系的相容性和相态结构

本研究以苯乙烯—乙烯—丁烯—苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS)和苯乙烯—乙烯—丙烯嵌段共聚物(SEP)为界面活性剂(相溶化剂),研究聚苯乙烯等规聚丙烯(PS/PP)共混体系的相容性;研究PS/PP两成分体系和添加界面活性剂后三成分体系的相态结构及相界面形态。为制取结构稳定的PS/PP系共混物,进一步制取具有特殊性能约PS/PP共混纤维提供实用的工艺条件和理论依据。     

PP/PS形态与性能的研究

主要研究了将苯乙烯-乙烯/丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(SEBS)、沙林(Surlyn)和聚丙烯与苯乙烯接枝共聚物(PP-g-PS)作为相容剂对聚丙烯/聚苯乙烯(PP/PS)流动性能、力学性能和微观形态的影响。结果发现:PP-g-PS使PP/PS合金分散相尺寸变小,分布变窄,相界面模糊消失,相容性得到有效改善;同时SEBS显著提高PP/PS合金的冲击强度,但其拉伸强度有所下降;Surlyn使PP/PS合金力学性能有所下降,不能起到增容效果。     

PS/HDPE共混薄膜体系的相态结构分析

利用共焦显微拉曼深度扫描仪和拉曼Mapping成像技术研究了不同比例PS/HDPE及其以SEBS作为增容剂共混体系的相态结构。当体系未加增容剂时,PS和HDPE发生严重的相分离,相态结构分布不均,相界面清晰。加入增容剂之后,共混体系中分散相以不规整的形状被包裹在连续相里面,两相界面变得较为模糊。这是因为增溶剂能与PS和HDPE都能发生相互作用,从而导致不相容的两相分子在相界面出的渗透能力和分子的扩散能力增强。因此,共混体系的相界面变大,体系的相容性增强。     

PP/HDPE/弹性体三元共混改性的研究

用双螺杆挤出机制备了聚丙烯(PP)/高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)/弹性体三元共混物,分别探讨了3种弹性体乙烯-辛烯嵌段共聚物(OBC)、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)、苯乙烯-乙烯/丁烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS)的含量对PP三元共混物力学性能的影响,并通过扫描电子显微镜观察其脆断表面形态。结果表明,OBC、SBS、SEBS和HDPE都对PP起到了一定的协同增韧作用,SEBS对PP的增韧效果最佳;SEM表明三元共混力学性能与相形态密切相关;所制备的PP/HDPE/OBC三元共混物的加工性能较好。     

PA66/SEBS复合材料的制备与性能研究

以聚酰胺66(PA66)和苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS)为原料,3份马来酸酐接枝苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(SEBS-g-MAH)为增容剂,通过熔融共混法制备了PA66/SEBS复合材料,研究了SEBS添加量对复合材料结晶性能、热性能、界面相容性、力学性能等的影响。结果表明:SEBS的加入没有改变PA66的特有晶型,仅仅改变了不同晶型的相对含量;随着SEBS用量的增加,PA66/SEBS复合材料的熔融温度、界面相容性下降,拉伸强度也呈逐渐降低的趋势;随着SEBS用量的增加,未加增容剂的复合材料的断裂伸长率呈逐渐减小的趋势,而加入增容剂的复合材料的断裂伸长率则呈先增后减的趋势;另外,加入了增容剂的复合材料的力学性能明显优于未加增容剂的复合材料。     

PA6/PP/SEBS-g-MAH共混物的相容性研究

采用马来酸酐接枝(氢化苯乙烯/丁二烯/苯乙烯)共聚物(SEBS-g-MAH)作为增容剂,研究了增容剂用量对尼龙6/聚丙烯(PA6/PP)共混体系相态结构、力学性能的影响,以及在相同增容剂用量下不同PA6、PP配比对体系相形态的影响。结果表明,SEBS-g-MAH中的酸酐基团能与PA6末端的氨基发生化学反应,在PA6和PP的内表面形成PA6-SEBS接枝共聚物,明显改善了两相的界面相容性,并使共混物的力学性能得到显著提高。共混物冲击断面形貌的分析表明,共混物发生了明显的脆韧转变。     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

几种乙炔加压设备性能的比较

阐述并比较了几种加压设备在乙炔加压清净过程中的性能和特点。     

三种煤样燃烧热的测定

本文通过三个厂家提供的三种煤样燃烧热的测定,由测定结果综合得出3号煤样燃烧最完全、燃烧热也最大,是三个煤样中最好的一种。     

Semi-empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum

A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO₂) of density 0.08 g/cm³. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008.     

小议汽车涂装工艺设计对涂装成本的影响

论述了涂装工艺设计对涂装设备投资、涂装生产成本的影响。     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

Measurement of the gradient of viscosity with composition of mixtures of non-ideal gases

A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%.     

Calorimetric and Computational Study of Enthalpy of Formation of Diperoxide of Cyclohexanone

A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out.     

塔设备改造选型的分析

就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后，着重介绍一种新型塔板（导向梯形浮阀塔板）和一种新型填料（波环填料——乾隆帕克）。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitin on the properties of chitin crystallites

In the present article, chitin from crab shell was systematically deacetylated using a NaOH treatment with control of the reaction time. The degree of deacetylation, monitored using solid-state NMR, revealed that the reaction was pseudo-first order. Based on this, swollen and NaOH-saturated particles are proposed as the reaction system. The weight loss of the partially saponified and neutralized samples after HCl hydrolysis increased linearly with the degree of deacetylation. The crystallinity of the samples was found to increase after acid hydrolysis. According to conductimetric titration, the surface charge density of the crystallites, after acid hydrolysis, was found to increase with base treatment time. The effect of surface charge on the formation of a chiral nematic phase, due to the rodlike nature of the crystallites, was explored. These results show that because the contribution of charged particles to the ionic strength was significant the double layer compression was affected, especially since the surface charge density was close to the Manning limit. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65:373–380, 1997