HAT循环关键部件饱和器研究概况

HAT循环是一种先进的热力循环,具有高效率、高比功、低花费、低污染的良好性能,被誉为21世纪最有竞争力的动力循环。本文综述了HAT循环的关键部件饱和器的研究概况,指出了目前饱和器研究的一些成果和今后研究的重点。     

逆流喷雾式饱和器内湿化过程的实验研究

对逆流喷雾式饱和器内部空气的湿化过程进行实验研究,实验中不仅测量了饱和器进出口湿空气的相对湿度、温度和水的温度,而且也测量了饱和器内部几个高度截面上湿空气的相对湿度和气相、液相的温度。根据实验测量的湿空气的相对湿度和温度,计算出了饱和器内湿空气的含湿量和测量高度间湿空气的加湿量。由实验结果可见,随水气质量比的增大,饱和器出口湿空气的温度和温升也相应增大。湿空气的含湿量和水的蒸发量、出口温度随进口水温升高、水气质量比增大而增大。在所有实验工况下,饱和器出口湿空气接近或达到饱和。随空气速度增大水滴逃逸量增大。总体上饱和器内部下部主要是加湿进口空气,上部是加湿和加热空气。     

填料式饱和器稳态和动态特性的试验研究

对填料式饱和器进行了稳态及动态特性试验研究,分析了进水流量、进气流量、进水温度对空气加热加湿过程的影响,主要考察了出水温度、出气温度、进出口空气含湿量差、填料段压降和持液量等性能参数的变化规律.结果表明：在相同进水流量下,提高水气比和进水温度,可显著提高加热加湿性能;当气相速度升高时,进出口空气含湿量差减小,填料段压降及持液量升高;在动态工况下,当进口参数发生扰动时,持液量及出水温度比压降需要更长的时间才能达到新的稳定点.     

工作压力对湿空气透平循环饱和器性能的影响

饱和器是湿空气透平（HAT）循环的主要部件之一,它的主要作用是加热加湿空气,从而提高整个HAT循环的效率和比功。利用IAPWS-IF97提供的水和水蒸气性质与实际气体状态方程,建立了适用高压条件下饱和器的一维传热传质数学模型;利用该模型计算了不同压力条件下的饱和器工作性能,并分析了饱和器内的传热传质过程中,饱和点的位置、出口性能参数的变化规律,以及能效值的变化,可以供饱和器的设计参考。     

水膜热阻修正系数对填料饱和器性能的影响

以单膜理论为基础,研究了饱和器内水与空气之间传热传质的过程,引入水膜热阻修正系数K的概念,建立了饱和器传热传质一维计算模型.通过数值模拟计算,分析了K对饱和器性能的影响,并确定了K设计值的取值范围.结果表明:饱和器出口水温、出口气温和出口空气含湿量受K设计值影响明显,K设计值越大,出口气温和出口空气含湿量越高,出口水温则越低;K设计值取得太小,水温和水膜温度相差较大,计算出的空气出口参数会偏小,反之,水膜温度几乎等于水温,计算出的空气出口参数会偏大,K设计值取15～100中的某一个值较为合理.     

Lewis因子及其对饱和器数值模拟的影响

讨论了Lewis因子和Lewis数两个不同概念的区别和联系,Lewis因子,也叫Lewis关系,表示蒸发过程中传热和传质的对比关系;建立了饱和器的一维数学模型,通过数值计算分析了Lewis因子对饱和器数值模拟结果的影响.     

HAT循环饱和器数学模型及实验研究

在分析饱和器内的传热传质过程基础上,建立了一维数学模型,并通过引入广义传质系数CC,简化了饱和器的计算过程。经实验验证表明该模型具有较好的精度,可以比较准确的模拟饱和器内加湿过程,并且对含有填料的饱和器也具有通用性。通过计算得到的饱和器性能曲线图对设计和研究饱和器工作性能和传热传质规律有较大帮助。     

HAT循环饱和器性能的(火用)分析

饱各器是HAT循环中的关键部件,对其性能的认识关系到整个系统的性能分析。由于饱和器内存在复杂的气液两相流动和相互间的传热质过程,其性能与很多参数有关,因此用一个或多个指标从一个或多个方面来评价饱和器性能问题一直是在研究的问题。本文使用了分析的方法,建立了饱和器衡模型,分析了内部损失,提出了性能评价的方法和4个评价指标:热力学完善度、效率、损系数和流密度变化率,通过这些评定准则可以对饱和器用能水平作出评价,为今后饱和器的设计和性能分析提供了参考。     

模型饱和器冷态喷雾场的实验研究

针对HAT循环关键部件增湿饱和器内典型的传热，传质过程现象，为了最优化该过程和为今后数值分析提供有效的数据，设计了模拟饱和顺内传热，传质过程中的开放式冷态实验系统。使用相位多普勒分析仪DualPDA（Phase Doppler Analyzer）对冷态模型饱和器的喷雾场进行了详细的实验研究，测量了不同水压，不同气流速度下的喷雾场，得到喷雾场内液滴的三维平均速度分布，脉动速度分布，平均粒径大小分布等，分析了喷雾水压和鼓风气流速度对喷雾场的影响，分析结果表明，改良设计的离心喷嘴具用良好的喷雾性能和轴对称性，水压增大可以增大喷雾场中粒子速度，通量及降低平均直径，喷嘴喷雾长度随气流速度减小，气流速度可以改变喷雾场的分布，有利于液滴蒸发和液滴破裂。     

泡沫陶瓷填料湿化器加湿性能实验研究

温化器是湿空气透平(HAT)循环的关键部件,其性能优劣对于循环的性能有着重要的影响.对采用新型SiC泡沫陶瓷填料的湿化器在加压条件下的湿化性能进行了实验研究,分析了水气比、进口水温、操作压力以及进口空气温度对湿化过程的影响,研究表明,提高水气比或进口水温会使进出口空气温差、含湿量差相应增加,湿化器节点温差增大.操作压力...     

Experimental investigation of pressurized packing saturator for humid air turbine cycle

Humid air turbine (HAT) cycle is an advanced power generation system, and its efficiency and output power are improved by humidifying the compressed air. This humidification process is completed in the saturator. Therefore, the humidifying performance of saturator has great influence on the performance of HAT cycle. In this work, a new type packing saturator was designed and a series of experiments were carried out to study its humidifying performance. In order to improve the uniformity of the saturator inlet, a twin-tangential annular flow gas distributor was designed. Then it was authorized by China invention patents (ZL201010200778.9). Now, the mal-distribution factor of inlet air is mainly between 0.15 and 0.35 in all experimental conditions. Some key parameters of air and water at the inlet and outlet of saturator were measured at different experimental conditions. These results show the outlet humid air temperature is an important parameter for determining the humidifying amount of the saturator. The humidifying performance of the saturator is mainly affected by the inlet water temperature and the liquid/gas (L/G) ratio. At the same operating pressure, the humidity ratio of outlet humid air increases with inlet water temperature and L/G ratio. At higher inlet water temperature, the L/G ratio has a greater effect on the humidity ratio of outlet humid air. The outlet water temperature is mainly affected by the inlet gas temperature. With the increasing of inlet air temperature, the outlet water temperature increases, and it is close to the wet-bulb temperature of inlet air.     

Experimental investigation on inner two-phase flow in counter-flow spray saturator for HAT cycle

An experiment investigation of inner two-phase flow in the counter-flow spray saturator (CFSS) for humid air turbine (HAT) cycle and the simulation of the moving distance of water droplets in counter-flow air are presented here aimed at the understand of two-phase flow in the CFSS in detailed. Dual phase Doppler anemometry (DualPDA) system is applied to obtain the spatial change of the droplet size spectrum in the flow-field to correlate droplet size–velocity correlation. The local measurement profiles of 3D mean velocities and diameters of water droplets are obtained by averaging droplet size classes. Moreover, DualPDA signal processing allows for accurate determination of the volume flux of spherical water droplets. The transient velocity fields are measured by a laser-based particle image velocimetry (PIV) system. The commercial CFD software, FLUENT, is used to simulate the maximum moving distance of water droplets with different diameters and inlet velocities in the counter-flow air with different inlet velocities, then the quantity of water droplet entrainment in the saturator can be estimated.     

HAT循环中关键部件_饱和器实验台的研制

本文指出了研究ＨＡＴ循环中的饱和器性能的必要性。并初步建立了饱和器性能实验台,为掌握饱和器性能深入研究ＨＡＴ循环作好了实验准备。     

Numerical simulation of counter-flow spray saturator for humid air turbine cycle

The numerical simulations of simultaneous heat and mass transfer process in the counter-flow spray saturator and humid air turbine cycle are carried out in this work, according to the experimental conditions and actual size of a prototype saturator. This humidifying process involves two-phase flow of air and water droplets, also including interaction, breakup and collision of water droplets. Eulerian approach is used for gas phase flow, Lagrangian approach is used for liquid phase flow, and the two-way coupling is used between two phases. The simulations agree well with the experimental measurements. The simulations show the flow is with high turbulence intensity, the relative humidity and temperature of humid air increase along with the height of saturator, some water droplets carried by air escape from the saturator, and the humid air is mainly humidified at the lower part of saturator and is simultaneously humidified and heated at the upper part.     

HAT循环仿真模型研究综述与展望

文中介绍了新型高效热力循环——HAT循环的概念、优点，以及国内外对HAT循环仿真模型的研究现状，在此基础上提出了建立HAT循环动态仿真模型的必要性和可行性。     

HAT循环构成热电冷三联产总能系统的可行性分析

对国内外在提高能源利用率方面的研究现状和发展趋势进行了综述，在前人研究的基础上提出以湿空气透平湿空气透平（HAT）循环构成热、电、冷三联产总能系统的能量利用形式，详细分析了构成该系统的相关技术、可行性及需要加以解决的几个问题。