丙烯酸酯无皂乳液涂料的工艺研究

研究了聚丙烯酸丁酯／丙烯酸钠低聚物作为乳化剂,配制新型丙烯酸酯无皂乳液涂料。通过单体配比改变,与使用乳化剂的涂料进行对比。试验结果表明,无皂乳液聚合涂料的稳定性高,涂层的干性、丰满度、光泽、硬度等优良。     

反应型乳化剂在丙烯酸酯无皂乳液聚合中的应用

采用半连续种子乳液聚合法,反应型乳化剂烯丙氧基羟丙磺酸钠(HAPS)、烯丙氧基壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵(DNS-86)、烯丙氧基壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚(ANPEO10)、烯丙氧基壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚单磷酸(ANPEO10-P1)单独及复配使用,以丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、苯乙烯(St)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)为单体合成了丙烯酸酯无皂乳液。研究了反应型乳化剂种类和用量对乳液性能的影响,用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)表征了乳液的化学结构。用合成的丙烯酸酯无皂乳液与市售的丙烯酸乳液分别制备了膨胀型水性防火涂料并通过耐水性试验和锥形量热仪试验对比了其耐水性和防火性能。结果表明,单独使用DNS-86时乳液的各项性能(如化学稳定性、热稳定性、贮存稳定性等)最好。DNS-86的含量为2.5%~3.0%时,乳液综合性能良好:固含量及单体转化率最大,乳胶粒子平均粒径和分散指数最小,且其聚合物膜与水的接触角最小。用自制丙烯酸酯无皂乳液制备的膨胀型水性防火涂料的性能明显优于用市售丙烯酸乳液制备的膨胀型水性防火涂料。     

核壳结构丙烯酸酯微胶囊乳液的制备研究

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）、丙烯酸丁酯（BA）、甲基丙烯酸（MAA）为单体,以十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠为复配乳化剂,以过硫酸钾-亚硫酸氢钠为氧化还原引发剂,合成了核壳结构的丙烯酸酯微胶囊乳液。探讨了乳化剂的复配、氧化还原引发剂的比例和用量对微胶囊乳液粒度的影响。结果表明：上述条件下,能够制得平均粒径〈8μm的香味涂料用核壳结构的微胶囊乳液。     

聚丙烯酸酯涂料的制备

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、丙烯酸(AA)为单体,以十二烷基苯磺酸钠为乳化剂,当m(BA)∶m(MMA)∶m(AA)=33∶17∶1,通过乳液聚合制得丙烯酸酯类乳液,再加入填料及各种助剂,经过高速搅拌、均质而出料。并且讨论了乳化剂及引发剂用量对乳液聚合、乳液及涂料性能的影响。     

高固含量无皂丙烯酸酯共聚乳液的合成研究

以烯丙氧基壬基酚乙基聚氧乙烯硫酸钠（DNS-86）为反应性乳化剂,甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）为硬单体,丙烯酸丁酯（BA）为软单体,甲基丙烯酸（MAA）为功能性单体,采用预乳化种子半连续聚合方式,合成了固含量65％的无皂丙烯酸酯乳液。讨论了软硬单体配比、乳化剂用量、聚合温度等反应条件对高固含量乳液的合成及性能的影响。     

反光布用聚丙烯酸酯无皂乳液的研制及应用

以过硫酸铵（APS）为引发剂,甲基丙烯酸甲酯 MMA 为硬单体,丙烯酸丁酯 BA 和丙烯酸乙酯（EA）为软单体,丙烯酸 AA 为功能单体,阴-非复合可聚合乳化剂（WE-9）为乳化剂,采用预乳化法合成了一种聚丙烯酸酯无皂乳液。讨论了各单体用量和乳化剂用量对其性能的影响。结果表明,当w（BA+EA）=80%、w（MMA）=15%、w（AA）=5%和w（WE-9）=1.2%时,该无皂乳液有优良的综合性能,可满足反光布生产要求。（）（）（）     

国内期刊荟萃

核／壳苯丙乳液的合成及水性防锈涂料的制备研究;防静电抗菌除异昧水性环氧地坪涂料的配制与应用;低成本高性能醇酸氨基机壳漆的制备;细乳液聚合制备聚丙烯酸酯共聚细乳液的研究;核壳型有机硅-丙烯酸酯涂料印花胶粘剂的合成及应用     

丙烯酸酯含量对水性聚氨酯性能的影响

采用无皂种子乳液聚合法,以甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、聚酯多元醇、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)等为主要原料合成丙烯酸酯-水性聚氨酯复合乳液,考察了丙烯酸酯含量对水性聚氨酯乳液粒径、运动黏度、胶膜的耐水性和力学性能的影响。试验结果表明,随着丙烯酸酯含量的增加,复合乳液的粒径增大,运动黏度减小,胶膜的耐水性和拉伸强度提高,但胶膜的断裂伸长率有所降低,适宜的丙烯酸酯用量为40%～50%。     

室温交联丙烯酸系弹性涂料的研究

本文研究丙烯酸酯类弹性涂料的合成，交联，性能，结构和形态，采用种子乳液聚合，合成了核－壳结构聚合乳液，引入羟基功能单体，调节核层和壳层的组成，以改进和提高弹性涂料所需要的性能，并降低聚合物的玻璃化温度。以多价金属离子为交联剂，使乳液进行室我联。用傅立叶红外光谱对交联乳液进行了结构分析。秀透射电镜和扫描电镜观察核－壳乳液交联后颗粒的形态，并研究交联乳液制成弹性涂料的物理机械性能，获得了一定结果。     

含氟聚（甲基）丙烯酸酯乳液的研究进展

含氟聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯乳液具有合成简便和性能易调等优点,所得涂膜表面能低、耐污性能好、化学稳定性优异,因而在水性氟碳涂料领域受到广泛关注。含氟聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体的化学组成对乳液和涂膜性能影响很大。该文分类总结了含氟核心单体包括含氟烷基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、含氟杂原子(甲基)丙烯酸酯、含氟芳香(甲基)丙烯酸酯、含氟(甲基)丙烯酰胺和含氟磺酰胺(甲基)丙烯酸酯等的结构与乳液和涂膜性能的关系,然后对含氟聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体和乳液的合成方法进行归纳,最后简要介绍含氟聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯乳液的应用,并对乳液研究存在的问题和未来的发展方向进行展望。     

粒径可控的聚丙烯酸丁酯/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯核壳乳液的制备及表征

采用种子乳液聚合法制备了聚丙烯酸丁酯(PBA)乳液,然后通过第二单体甲基丙烯酸甲酯的预溶胀法聚合制备了PBA/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)乳液,用激光散射粒度仪和透射电子显微镜对乳液粒径和结构进行了表征.结果表明,当乳化剂十二烷基硫酸钠质量分数为丙烯酸丁酯的1.5%时,可制备粒径为53.6 nm且分布窄的PBA种子乳液;通过调整补加乳化剂、单体与种子乳液的用量,可制得粒径为53.6～443.8 nm的一系列单分散PBA乳液;PBA/PMMA乳液具有完善的核壳结构,且在核壳两相间存在着一个过渡层.     

Synthesis and characterization of poly(butyl acrylate)/silica and poly(butyl acrylate)/silica/poly(methyl methacrylate) composite particles

Poly(butyl acrylate)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PBA/PMMA) core–shell particles embedded with nanometer‐sized silica particles were prepared by emulsion polymerization of butyl acrylate (BA) in the presence of silica particles preabsorbed with 2,2′‐azobis(2‐amidinopropane)dihydrochloride (AIBA) initiator and subsequent MMA emulsion polymerization in the presence of PBA/silica composite particles. The morphologies of the resulting PBA/silica and PBA/silica/PMMA composite particles were characterized, which showed that AIBA could be absorbed effectively onto silica particles when the pH of the dispersion medium was greater than the isoelectric potential point of silica. The critical amount of AIBA added to have stable dispersion of silica particles increased as the pH of the dispersion medium increased. PBA/silica composite particles prepared by in situ emulsion polymerization using silica preabsorbed with AIBA showed higher silica absorption efficiency than did the PBA/silica composite particles prepared by direct mixing of PBA latex and silica dispersion or by emulsion polymerization in which AIBA was added after the mixing of BA and silica. The PBA/silica composite particles exhibited a raspberrylike morphology, with silica particles “adhered” to the surfaces of the PBA particles, whereas the PBA/silica/PMMA composite latex particles exhibited a sandwich morphology, with silica particles mainly at the interface between the PBA core and the PMMA shell. Subsequently, the PBA/silica/PMMA composite latex obtained had a narrow particle size distribution and good dispersion stability. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99: 3425–3432, 2006     

聚苯乙烯和聚丙烯酸丁酯无皂核壳乳液聚合反应的研究

聚苯乙烯 (PS)和聚丙烯酸丁酯 (PBA)复合乳液是无皂乳液聚合反应生成的 ,采用丙烯酸丁酯加到聚苯乙烯种子微粒中反应得到的。PS/PBA复合微粒的结构通过红外光谱图明显的吸收峰特征而得到证实。纯PS微粒和低BA含量的PS/PBA微粒几乎是球形和规则的 ,而随着BA单体含量的增加 ,PS/PBA复合微粒的粒子尺寸变大和呈现类似高尔夫球形状。同时 ,本文进一步研究了PS/PBA复合微粒的表面形态学     

Effect of particle size on the mechanical properties of polystyrene and poly(butyl acrylate) core/shell polymers

The effects of particle size and polymer location (core or shell) on the mechanical properties of core/shell materials composed of polystyrene (PST) and poly(butyl acrylate) (PBA) made by a two-stage emulsion or microemulsion polymerization process are reported. Low-seed content (LSC) latexes were made by batch polymerization in microemulsions stabilized with DTAB in the presence of an organic salt (dibutyl phosphite). High-seed content (HSC) latexes were produced by microemulsion or emulsion polymerization in semi-continuous process. These latexes were subsequently used to form core/shell particles of PST/PBA or PBA/PST and their mechanical properties were examined and compared. Our results indicate that core/shell particle size and the location of the polymers have important effects on the mechanical properties.     

Synthesis of polystyrene/poly(butyl acrylate) core–shell latex and its surface morphology

A polystyrene (PS)/poly(butyl acrylate) (PBA) composite emulsion was produced by seeded emulsion polymerization of butyl acrylate (BA) with PS seed particles which were prepared by emulsifier‐free polymerization of styrene with potassium persulfate (KPS) under a nitrogen atmosphere at 70°C for 24 h with stirring at 60 rpm and swelled with the BA monomer in an ethanol/water medium. The structure of the PS/PBA composite particles was confirmed by the presence of the characteristic absorption band attributed to PS and PBA from FTIR spectra. The particles for pure PS and PS/PBA with a low content of the BA monomer were almost spherical and regular. As the BA monomer content was increased, the particle size of the PS/PBA composite particles became larger, and more golf ball‐like particles were produced. The surface morphology of the PS/PBA composite particles was investigated by AFM and SEM. The T_g's attributed to PS and PBA in the PS/PBA composite particles were found at 110 and ?49°C, respectively. The thermal degradation of the pure PS and PS/PBA composite particles occurred in one and two steps, respectively. With an increasing amount of PBA, the initial thermal decomposition temperature increased. On the contrary the residual weight at 450°C decreased with an increasing amount of PBA. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 595–601, 2003     

Toughening of polylactide with natural rubber grafted with poly(butyl acrylate)

Natural rubber grafted with poly(butyl acrylate) (NR‐g‐PBA) in an attempt to toughen polylactide (PLA) was prepared by grafting butyl acrylate onto natural rubber (NR) through emulsion polymerization. The purified NR‐g‐PBA was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. NR‐g‐PBA/PLA blend and NR/PLA blend were prepared with a Haake internal melt mixer. The morphology and mechanical properties of the blends were investigated as a function of rubber content. Observations by scanning electron microscopy showed that the spherical‐particle‐dispersed phase appearing in the NR/PLA blend was not found in the NR‐g‐PBA/PLA blend, which showed that NR grafted with PBA is compatible with PLA, and accounted for the efficient toughening effect on PLA. The elongation at break and the impact strength were significantly improved with an increase in NR‐g‐PBA content. The thermal stability of PLA decreased when blended with NR but was retained with NR‐g‐PBA. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

附聚法制备大粒径聚丙烯酸丁酯胶乳的研究

以非离子和阴离子表面活性剂为复配乳化剂,制备了丙烯酸丁酯/丙烯酸共聚胶乳,以其为附聚剂制备了大粒径的PBA胶乳,采用红外光谱仪、Zeta纳米粒度仪、Zeta电位仪和透射电镜表征了附聚剂的结构特征、附聚前后PBA胶乳粒子的粒径、电位和形态变化。结果表明:当附聚剂胶乳与PBA胶乳质量比为1/20~1/5时,可使PBA胶乳粒径尺寸扩增4倍以上,附聚后胶乳的表面电位值有所下降。     

Synthesis of acrylate polymers by a novel emulsion polymerization for adhesive applications

Pressure‐sensitive adhesives (PSAs) are viscoelastic–elastomeric materials that can adhere strongly to solid surfaces with light contact pressure and a short contact time. Polyacrylates produced by solution polymerization are used widely because of their good adhesive properties. A novel emulsion polymerization was established to improve the low physical properties of PSA on the basis of conventional poly(n‐butyl acrylate) (PBA) by emulsion polymerization. PBA latex was synthesized by the emulsion polymerization of 50 wt % n‐butyl acrylate mixed with 15 wt % ethyl acetate (EA) with Emal‐10P and Emulgen‐920 as anionic and nonionic surfactants, respectively, at 70°C. Potassium persulfate (KPS) or a combination of KPS and dicumyl peroxide (DCP) was used as the initiator. The KPS/DCP system gave a very high‐molecular‐weight PBA of a narrow molecular weight distribution with a weight‐average molecular weight/number‐average molecular weight value of 1.01–1.03 in 15 min. The PSA tape was prepared by the casting of the PSA latex onto a corona poly(ethylene terephthalate) film as an adherent to obtain a 50‐μm‐dry‐thickness film. The PSA tape produced from PBA by the novel emulsion polymerization showed better adhesive properties, such as 180° peel adhesion, shear holding power, and rolling ball tack tests according to JIS and ASTM standards, than PSA tape produced from solution polymerization. The occlusion of a small amount of EA in emulsion particles before polymerization was found to give higher properties than those of PBA prepared by the addition of EA to the PBA latex after polymerization. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100:413–421, 2006     

Preparation of core-shell emulsion polymer and optimization of shell composition with respect to opacity of paint film

A series of core-shell latexes comprising a poly(n-butyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) (PBA/MMA/MAA) core and a poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (PS/AN), poly(butyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (PBA/MMA) shell were prepared at different shell composition ratios. These core-shell binders were used for preparation of decorative coatings. The latexes were synthesized by a semi-continuous sequential emulsion polymerization and characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), particle size analyser, viscometry and opacity of paint film. The core-shell emulsion with styrene/acrylonitrile ratio 60/40 as shell composition shows the best optical properties.     

溶胶-凝胶法聚丙烯酸丁酯/二氧化硅杂化材料弹性体的制备与表征

用丙烯酸丁酯与少量功能单体共聚,合成了分子链侧基带羟基的聚丙烯酸丁酯(PBA)乳液,然后与硅溶胶混合,用溶胶-凝胶法制备了PBA/SiO2杂化材料弹性体;研究了SiO2含量对杂化材料弹性体力学性能及透光率的影响,并用扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱、差示扫描量热分析和动态力学性能分析对杂化材料弹性体的结构进行了表征。结果表明,PBA/SiO2杂化材料热压后成为一种力学性能优良的具有一定透光率的弹性体。随着SiO2含量的增加,杂化材料弹性体的力学性能提高,透光率和SiO2粒子的粒径增加,PBA基体的玻璃化转变温度和损耗因子下降;PBA共聚物分子链侧基所带羟基与SiO2粒子表面的硅醇基发生了缩合脱水反应,形成了Si—O—C共价键,使PBA基体与SiO2粒子构成的界面结合紧密,从而赋予杂化材料弹性体以优良的性能。