Structure in idea sketching behaviour

This paper describes a study designed to investigate the structure of idea sketches, here defined as the initial free-hand drawn externalisations produced by a designer of envisioned or partially envisioned entities. In the study, participants were asked to sketch freely from memory a number of chairs and to design a chair. The results obtained from analyzing the drawing process provide clear evidence for structure in idea sketching behaviour which is largely explained by reference to either volumetrical or functional cognitive models of the recalled or designed objects. This suggests that there is an intimate relationship between the cognitive and perceptual processes that are brought to bear on the recall and design tasks and idea sketching. It is concluded that the detailed study of sketching behaviour may provide a fruitful approach to understanding the relationship between cognition, the sketch, and sketching.     

Mismatched metaphor: user vs system moeel in computer-aided drafting

We report findings from an extensive study of the users of a Computer-Aided Drafting (CAD) system. Our observations suggest that the CAD system is used inefficiently, because users approach computer-aided drafting from a T-square metaphor reflecting their past experience with traditional drawing media. This prevents them from discovering and using effectively powerful system commands that have no equivalent in manual techniques. These findings suggest that we should rethink the ways in which CAD users are trained and manuals are written, and that we introduce CAD users to a more strategic use of CAD, particularly to a Detail/Aggregate/Manipulate (DAM) strategy that takes advantage of the compositional logic underlying a design.     

Social impacts of computer-aided architectural design

In 1985 the Commission of the European Communities, as part of its concern for social adjustment to technological change, invited the eCAADe (an association of European Schools of Architecture set up to promote the effective adoption of CAAD in architectural education) to prepare a report on the social impacts of CAAD. This paper summarises the report and deals primarily with impacts on the practice of architecture, on architectural education, and on the architect's relationship with other members of the design team and with the client and users of the building. Recommendations are made for initiatives in education, research and development.     

创新概念设计的人机协同方法

分析了创新概念设计的研究现状、面临的困境及其原因,以系统工程方法论为指导,提出了人机协同的创新概念设计方法;从设计思维出发,研究了概念设计逻辑创新和非逻辑创新的特点,提出了概念设计的4个创新层次,即需求创新、功能创新、行为创新和结构创新;基于人的心智与计算机智能的不同特点,提出了一种新的基于可视化的人机协同模式,并建立了人机协同的创新概念设计模型;最后,讨论了人机协同实现的关键技术。     

感性叙事为导向的文创产品概念设计方法

目的为突破文创产品概念设计前端的"黑箱"思维定势,提出一种以感性叙事为导向的文创产品概念设计方法。方法首先,对叙事文化与叙事意象进行分析,构建叙事要素发散树;其次,运用前向式感性工学、因子分析等方法,建立叙事要素关联性评判指标;最后,采用模糊评价法优选叙事要素,为文创产品设计提供有效的知识辅助。结果以苗族银器旅游文创产品设计为例,验证了本设计方法的可行性。结论该方法实现将文创产品设计的"黑箱"转为"白箱"思考模式,实现设计知识的共享,借鉴和参考。     

概念包装设计的创意思维解析

目的对概念包装设计的创意思维有效应用进行分析。方法以创意思维为切入点,运用案例对概念包装设计的创意思维特征以及表达进行剖析,阐明了创意思维在概念包装设计过程中的核心地位。结论引导设计师在有效思维模式下进行概念包装设计。     

Back to the future with CAD: its impact on product design and development

This paper briefly examines the history of the management and organisation of the product development cycle. It looks at some of the key factors that have affected product development, and how information technology through CAD may have opened the door to a simultaneous product design process that has more in common with ‘older’ craft-based methods than those developed in the recent industrial era.