磨矿方式对闪锌矿和黄铁矿浮选动力学影响研究

为了研究磨矿方式对闪锌矿和黄铁矿浮选行为的影响,通过 6 种浮选动力学模型,分别考察了干磨、湿磨及磨矿时间下 2 种矿物的粒度组成及动力学参数。 结果表明,6 种动力学模型均表现出了良好的拟合效果。 氧化速率、磨矿方式、粒度组成共同决定了闪锌矿和黄铁矿的浮选表现。其中,黄铁矿较闪锌矿具更高的氧化速率及更低的浮选回收率。 湿磨产品较干磨更细,所有试验中-0.015 mm 微细粒级的产率最高,这有利于新生表面的暴露,并导致黄铁矿的快速富集,但同时释放更多 Fe³⁺,降低了闪锌矿的浮选速率。干磨产品粒度组成更粗且颗粒表面粗糙度更高,这促使闪锌矿和黄铁矿干磨后的 ε_∞ 值较湿磨更高。     

铜离子对闪锌矿、黄铁矿浮选的选择性活化机理研究

本文对铜离子活化闪锌矿(ZnS)和黄铁矿(FeS2)的表面化学、溶液化学以及两种矿物的浮选分离进行了综合评述,分析讨论了铜离子浓度、活化时间、pH值、表面电荷、表面氧化程度、矿浆电位等主要因素对闪锌矿和黄铁矿活化浮选的影响.为生产实践中闪锌矿、黄铁矿的绿色、高效浮选分离提供一定的理论及技术支撑.     

会泽铅锌硫化矿浮游性评价新方法

采用分批刮泡浮选试验方法,根据模糊数学中的隶属度和隶属函数,提出从可浮性和浮游速度两个方面综合评价矿物浮游性的新方法,实现了矿物浮游性的量化。应用新方法分析了会泽方铅矿、闪锌矿和黄铁矿在矿浆pH值为7.5,乙基钾黄药浓度为2.0×10-4 mol/L,硫酸锌浓度为1.5×10-4 mol/L条件下的浮游性,结果表明3种矿物的浮游性依次是方铅矿>黄铁矿>>闪锌矿,这与浮选工业实践中的结果相符合。     

影响某深海多金属硫化物选冶的矿物学因素

某深海多金属硫化物中锌、铜、金、银的品位分别为20.44％、0.41％、6.89 g/t和141 g/t,有价元素含量高,综合利用价值大.通过矿物组成、重要矿物的嵌布特征、嵌布粒度及磨矿产品中解离特征的研究,对影响选冶回收的矿物学因素进行了系统的分析.研究表明:闪锌矿是含量最多的矿物,具有含铁量变化较大、铁含量普遍较低...     

Combinations of different-class collectors in selective sulphide-ore flotation

The paper discusses laboratory test data on well-known sulphydryl collectors and new modified dithiophosphates Beraflot used to float monomineral fractions of pyrite, chalcopyrite, galena, and sphalerite. Frothless flotation is employed in flotation tests, IR-spectroscopy is used to identify surface compounds, and technological investigations are based on froth flotation. It is shown that dimethyl dithiocarbamate, isobutyl dithiophosphate and modified collector Beraflot-3035 give the poorest results of pyrite flotation, while Beraflot-3035 provides the highest galena and chalcopyrite recovery. It is found that Beraflot-3035 is capable to form different surface compounds on pyrite, chalcopyrite, galena, and sphalerite. Unclosed ore tests verify selectivity of Beraflot-3035.     

乙硫氮作捕收剂时有机调整剂加药顺序对典型硫化矿物浮选的影响

研究了乙硫氮作为捕收剂时有机大分子调整剂糊精、腐殖酸钠、阳离子瓜尔胶和DP115(改性聚丙烯酰胺有机大分子)不同加药顺序对典型硫化矿物黄铜矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿和黄铁矿浮选行为的影响。单矿物浮选试验结果表明,有机大分子调整剂与捕收剂乙硫氮的加药顺序对硫化矿物浮选的影响不同。与调整剂先加相比,乙硫氮先加时,糊精对黄铜矿、方铅矿和闪锌矿浮选的抑制作用更强;腐殖酸钠对黄铜矿和方铅矿浮选的抑制作用不同程度增强,腐殖酸钠用量较低时对闪锌矿浮选的抑制作用减弱,而用量较高时则强烈抑制闪锌矿;阳离子瓜尔胶对黄铜矿和方铅矿浮选的抑制作用减弱,对闪锌矿浮选的抑制作用略强;DP115对黄铜矿浮选的抑制作用减弱,DP115用量低时对方铅矿浮选的抑制作用相当而对闪锌矿浮选的抑制作用减弱,用量较高时对方铅矿浮选的抑制作用更强而对闪锌矿浮选的抑制作用相当;糊精、腐殖酸钠、阳离子瓜尔胶和DP115对黄铁矿浮选的影响很小。研究结果可为部分硫化矿通过改变有机大分子调整剂与捕收剂的加药顺序提高矿物浮选分离的选择性和效率提供借鉴。     

乙硫氮作捕收剂时无机调整剂加药顺序对典型硫化矿物浮选的影响

研究了乙硫氮作捕收剂时无机调整剂硫酸锌、亚硫酸钠、硫化钠和硫酸铜不同加药顺序对典型硫化矿物黄铜矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿和黄铁矿浮选行为的影响.结果 表明,调整剂与捕收剂的加药顺序对硫化矿物浮选的影响不同.与调整剂先加时相比,乙硫氮先加,硫酸锌对黄铜矿和方铅矿浮选的抑制作用减弱;硫酸锌、低用量硫酸铜、亚硫酸钠或硫化钠对闪锌矿浮...     

会泽铅锌矿方铅矿、闪锌矿和黄铁矿的浮游性研究

本文考查了ZnSO4和可溶性淀粉对方铅矿、闪锌矿和黄铁矿浮游性的影响，为会泽铅锌矿铅硫异步等可浮工艺提供了理论依据。试验结果表明，在乙黄药浮选体系中，ZnSO4和可溶性淀粉强烈抑制闪锌矿，而对方铅矿和黄铁矿的浮游性影响不大，且两者的浮游性相近。     

磨矿过程硫化矿物表面电化学性质及其对浮选的影响

本文根据浮选电化学理论分析讨论了丁黄药和乙硫氮在方铅矿、闪锌矿及黄铁矿三种硫化矿物表面的电化学作用过程,分析了磨矿环境具有低电位还原气氛产生的原因。腐蚀电偶测定结果表明,磨球介质与硫化矿物之间、方铅矿与黄铁矿之间的原电池相互作用减弱了黄铁矿表面的捕收剂作用过程,有利于方铅矿与黄铁矿的浮选分离。浮选试验结果表明利用磨矿过程进行浮选的工艺有较大的优越性     

硫化铅锌矿的新型硫抑制剂作用机理研究

硫化铅锌矿浮选过程常采用大量石灰抑制黄铁矿,造成矿浆pH过高、管道堵塞等问题,新型抑制剂HS-1替代部分石灰可实现铅锌硫的高效分离。为进一步完善HS-1与方铅矿、闪锌矿及黄铁矿的作用机理,基于纯矿物浮选试验结果,开展了HS-1抑制机理研究。结果表明：①矿浆pH=10时,以乙硫氮+丁铵黑药（物质的量之比2∶1）为组合捕收剂、HS-1为抑制剂,能有效抑制黄铁矿,部分抑制闪锌矿,而对方铅矿浮选行为基本无影响;②抑制剂HS-1对捕收剂在方铅矿表面的吸附几乎没有影响,减少了乙硫氮+丁铵黑药在闪锌矿表面的吸附量,能有效抑制组合捕收剂在黄铁矿表面的吸附量。③在pH=10时,HS-1和组合捕收剂先后与3种纯矿物作用后,矿物表面均出现了HS-1的红外特征吸收峰,方铅矿表面捕收剂的特征吸收峰无明显变化,闪锌矿及黄铁矿表面捕收剂的吸收特征峰消失,说明HS-1有效抑制了捕收剂在黄铁矿的吸附,并对闪锌矿产生一定抑制作用。     

Fahl ore flotation

The authors discuss flotation of fahl ore. It is proved that tennantite should be separated into an individual copper product in order to enhance overall copper recovery and mitigate ecological impact by means of preventing arsenic volatilization under smelting. Single mineral fractions of pyrite, chalcopyrite, tennantite, secondary sulfides, sphalerite and quartz sampled in the Ural region, as well as the samples of copper-zinc ore containing fahl ore are examined. The research involves oxidation of copper sulfides and pyrite under grinding in different conditions. Concentration of oxygen and sulfur-bearing ions is under control. The differences in oxygen consumption, oxidation of pyrite, tennantite and other sulfides are used to develop the mode of tennantite separation from other copper sulfides, sphalerite and pyrite. Based on the research findings, the authors recommend a flotation technology for copper–zinc pyritic ore with high content of tennantite to separate tennantite and secondary copper sulfides in different flotation circuits at varied pH.     

硫化钠诱导浮选的应用研究

研究了闪锌矿、方铝矿和黄铁矿的硫化钠诱导浮选行为．研究发现，硫化钠的加入．使得黄铁矿、方铝矿的可净性变好．通过在湖北某矿山的实践表明，硫化钠诱导浮选可以使得Ph－Zn分离效果好，回收率提高，同时回收了硫精矿．     

经铜离子活化后的某铅锌硫混合精矿中闪锌矿的浮选分离研究

针对经铜离子活化后含有大量捕收剂和起泡剂的某铅锌硫混合硫化矿精矿, 采用方铅矿和黄铁矿混浮、抑制闪锌矿的部分混合浮选工艺, 在活性炭脱药、硫化钠和硫酸锌联合抑锌的药剂制度下, 实现了闪锌矿从硫酸铜活化后的铅锌硫混合精矿中的有效分离。对于铅、锌品位分别为9.32%和20.01%的原矿, 闭路试验分离出了锌品位为36.04%、回收率为89.41%的锌精矿。     

会泽铅锌硫化矿异步浮选新技术研究

通过单因素和正交浮选试验研究了会泽方铅矿、黄铁矿与闪锌矿之间的浮选分离。根据浮选动力学基本原理,对方铅矿和黄铁矿的浮选动力学特性进行了分析。结果表明,基于总体平衡理论的分速浮选模型可以较好地模拟方铅矿和黄铁矿的浮选过程,浮选回收率模型拟合值与试验值之间的相关系数R2均达到0.999。研究认为,异步浮选新技术充分利用不同矿物及同种矿物可浮性和浮游速度特性,实现矿物的个性化、差异性浮选。进一步探讨了异步浮选新技术的理论背景,对选矿人员完善已有工艺及开发新技术具有一定的参考意义。     

江西某复杂难选铅锌矿石工艺矿物学研究

采用矿物参数自动检测仪、扫描电子显微镜等对铅锌矿石的进行工艺矿物学研究。结果表明,矿石主要金属矿物以闪锌矿、方铅矿、黄铁矿等硫化物为主,脉石矿物以碳酸盐岩为主,矿物成分复杂增加了有价金属分离难度;矿石主要有用元素为铅、锌,含量分别为1.98%、3.27%,其中方铅矿中的铅占74.26%,闪锌矿中的锌占64.75%,金、银含量分别为0.3 g/t和73.5 g/t,矿石经济价值高;方铅矿、闪锌矿及黄铁矿嵌布粒度非常细,整体属于中细粒级范畴;-0.074 mm占21.45％条件下的原矿中,方铅矿、闪锌矿的解离度分别为54.8%和57.8%,连生关系复杂。根据不同磨矿细度下的解离度分析结果,建议采用的磨矿细度为-0.074 mm占83%,在该细度条件下,方铅矿和闪锌矿能够解离充分,解离度分别为83.1%和85.5%。根据该类型矿石的工艺矿物学特性,本文建议采用“依次浮选铅—锌—硫”的优先浮选工艺流程,依次得到铅、锌、硫精矿。     

黄铁矿浮选抑制剂的研究进展

黄铁矿与黄铜矿、闪锌矿和方铅矿等矿物广泛共伴生。由于黄铁矿具有较好的天然可浮性,且常被铜离子和铅离子活化,容易混入其他精矿产品中,进而影响产品质量。因此需要使用抑制剂对多金属硫化矿中的黄铁矿进行选择性抑制,从而实现硫化矿资源的高效利用。本文介绍了多金属硫化矿中黄铁矿的抑制剂研究进展,从生产成本与绿色环保要求方面考虑,组合抑制剂的使用是黄铁矿浮选领域中重要的发展趋势之一。      

Selective depression of pyrite with chitosan in Pb–Fe sulfide flotation

Chitosan was used in the flotation of pyrite–galena mixtures. The results indicated that chitosan preferentially adsorbed on pyrite and galena was floated from the pyrite–galena mixtures. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses were performed to study the interaction mechanism of chitosan on the pyrite and galena minerals at pH 4 and 6. ToF-SIMS showed that chitosan adsorbed heavily on pyrite but barely on galena when a mixture of pyrite and galena was treated by chitosan. The high resolution XPS spectra indicated that both the amine and the hydroxyl groups from chitosan reacted with pyrite surface, whereas no significant binding energy shifts were observed on galena. Combined with the authors’ previous studies of chitosan in other sulfide flotation systems, it was observed that chitosan could depress pyrite, galena, sphalerite and chalcopyrite to different extent when the minerals were floated alone. However, in the flotation of mineral mixtures, chitosan selectively adsorbed on one mineral which depressed its flotation, allowing the other mineral to be floated from the mixture. The competitive adsorption was attributed to the differences in the electron affinity value of the lattice metal ions. Chitosan strongly binds with metal ions with a high electron affinity.     

某多金属硫化矿铜锌分离试验研究

针对某多金属硫化矿铜锌分离开展浮选试验研究,试验研究结果表明,因部分黄铜矿、闪锌矿与黄铁矿难以单体解离,导致原矿细磨后铜锌完全分离难以实现。通过试验研究,采用抑锌浮铜、铜粗精矿再磨的工艺流程,配合组合抑制剂抑制闪锌矿和黄铁矿,成功实现了铜锌的有效分离。     

矽卡岩型复杂铜锌硫化矿石分离的浮选研究

针对矽卡岩型复杂铜锌硫化矿石嵌布关系密切、闪锌矿受次生Cu2 + 活化的特点 ,提出了以硫化钠作为消除和固定矿浆中的Cu2 + (也有抑制闪锌矿和黄铁矿及脱药的作用 ) ,以选择性强的SK90 1 1为铜锌分离捕收剂 ,以硫酸锌和亚硫酸钠合理配比作为闪锌矿的主要抑制剂 ,采用部分优先—混合浮选工艺流程 ,成功解决了该矿石的铜锌分离问题。     

Dispersion effect on a lead–zinc sulphide ore flotation

This investigation was performed with samples from a lead–zinc sulphide deposit aiming at studying the influence of the dispersion degree of the particles in the pulp on lead and zinc flotation. Samples of ore and also of the minerals sphalerite, galena, pyrite, and dolomite were selected for the experiments. Nine types of dispersing agents and six blends among them were employed.A set of three dispersing agents was selected for the lead flotation and another set of three was chosen for zinc flotation. The criteria for the reagents selection were: high dispersion degree for galena and low for the other species, high dispersion degree for sphalerite and low for the other species, low dispersion degree for pyrite and high for the other species, and high dispersion degree for all species.Lead flotation experiments were performed under three conditions aiming at verifying the influence of the dispersing agent, of the pH, and of sodium carbonate. The zinc flotation tests were carried out at pH 10.5, modulated with lime.The use of dispersing agents in lead flotation did not improve the overall efficiency of the circuit for, despite improving the lead metallurgical recovery, they increase significantly the zinc losses in the lead concentrate.Sodium carbonate presented a low dispersion degree and did not affect the lead flotation results when compared with those achieved at natural pH and at pH 9.8 modulated with lime.Two dispersing agents were particularly effective in zinc flotation: dispersant 3223, a sodium polyacrylate, and sodium hexametaphosphate. Both reagents significantly enhanced zinc recovery without impairing the concentrate quality.