5G毫米波QuaDRiGa平台信道仿真与验证研究

第五代（5th-Generation,5G）移动通信对毫米波信道模型提出了更高的要求,如支持三维（three-Dimensional,3D）多入多出（Multiple-Input Multiple-Output,MIMO）、有良好的空时连续性和时间演进特性及毫米波段仿真能力等.第三代合作伙伴计划（3rd Generation Partnership Project,3GPP）,推荐准确定性无线信道产生器（Quasi-Deterministic Radio Channel Generator,QuaDRiGa）为5G首选仿真平台,但目前尚无开展QuaDRiGa仿真平台在毫米波段的仿真验证成果.本文基于26 GHz的毫米波段室外微蜂窝场景下的视距与非视距实测数据,在大尺度信道参数统计和时间演进特性两方面开展了对QuaDRiGa平台的仿真验证.结果表明,QuaDRiGa仿真结果与实测数据能够很好地吻合,验证了QuaDRiGa仿真模型在毫米波段的适用性.     

5G毫米波频段不同天线形式信道参数测量及对比分析

基于5G毫米波应用频段,开展了全向天线、喇叭天线以及阵列天线的信道测量与信道参数对比分析研究. 利用空间交替广义期望最大化(space-alternating generalized expectation-maximization, SAGE)算法提取了多径信道参数,包括多径时延、到达角、多径强度等,基于多径分量距离（multipath component distance, MCD）对多径分量进行了分簇结果的对比,对比分析了相同测量点处不同天线形式得到的信道参数差异. 结果表明,同场景下不同天线的信道参数测量结果会有较大差别,全向天线路损指数最小,阵列天线均方根(root-mean-square, RMS)时延扩展和RMS角度扩展均最小,喇叭天线可以得到较多的簇. 本文为5G毫米波频段信道建模提供了不同天线形式信道参数结果对比分析数据.     

28 GHz室内毫米波信道路径损耗模型研究

毫米波信道建模是第五代（the 5th Generation,5G）移动通信系统的关键技术,而路径损耗是表征毫米波信道传播大尺度衰落影响的重要参数.为了更好地理解毫米波信道的传播特性,应进行广泛的信道测量与建模.因此,对28 GHz室内环境进行了信道测量,并给出了相应的毫米波信道路径损耗模型,同时基于入射及反弹射线法/镜像法仿真分析了路径损耗传播特性.研究结果表明:实测结果与仿真结果一致性吻合良好,从而验证了入射及反弹射线法/镜像法的正确性;自由空间邻近（Close-In,CI）参考距离路径损耗模型表达式更简洁,鲁棒性更强.最后,本文给出了一种普遍适用的用来表征室内视距（Line-of-Sight,LOS）与非视距（Non-Line-of-Sight,NLOS）环境28 GHz与60 GHz毫米波信道的路径损耗模型.     

65.5 GHz毫米波信道测量与分析

毫米波技术和大规模多输入多输出天线技术是5G移动通信系统的关键技术.为了研究60 GHz毫米波频段宽带信道特性,在会议室进行了65.5 GHz频段的信道测量活动.首先基于方向性路损模型,研究路径损耗指数和阴影衰落特性;然后基于空间交替广义期望最大化(space-alternating generalized expec...     

基于改进射线跟踪法和BP神经网络算法的室外微蜂窝毫米波信道特性研究

在28 GHz与39 GHz毫米波频段室外微蜂窝场景下,基于改进射线跟踪法和反向传播(back propagation,BP)神经网络算法对毫米波单发单收信道及单发多收信道进行建模仿真研究.在得到的无线信道仿真数据基础上,研究分析了毫米波信道的路径损耗、均方根(root-mean-square,RMS)时延扩展(del...     

室内走廊环境毫米波OAM信道特性分析与统计建模

针对自由空间传播模型仅能描述自由空间场景下携带轨道角动量(OAM)的涡旋信道传播特性,以及确定性稀疏多径涡旋信道模型严格依赖于传播环境而不能准确刻画真实多径场景下OAM信道传播特性的问题,该文提出毫米波OAM多径信道统计建模方法。在室内走廊环境下构建基于均匀圆形天线阵列(UCA)的OAM辐射传输系统,基于光学射线理论与UCA辐射特性,建立OAM多径信道模型。结果表明,在毫米波频段均匀分布和Nakagami-m分布能够准确地表征室内走廊多径环境下的OAM信道波前相位和幅度,视距(LoS)和非视距(NLoS)传播条件下传播距离较大时信道幅度服从瑞利分布,视距传播条件下传播距离较小时信道幅度服从莱斯分布。     

毫米波时变信道仿真中实现空间一致性的方法研究

为满足终端移动场景下5G毫米波信道建模及仿真的需求,开展了毫米波时变信道仿真中实现空间一致性的研究.基于通用的5G毫米波信道模型开展了仿真和分析,将终端移动轨迹进行分割,确定连续仿真窗口间大尺度参数的相关性.同时,引入马尔可夫链实现窗口间多径簇数目的动态演化.对于窗口内信道小尺度参数,基于多径的几何分布结构实现对其状态...     

太赫兹频段室内场景空-时域信道特性测量与建模研究

掌握太赫兹频段室内信道特性及模型,是太赫兹室内通信系统设计和技术评估的前提。为了解太赫兹频段室内空-时域的信道特性,选取典型室内办公室场景,分别完成视距(Line of Sight, LoS)和非视距(Non Line of Sight, NLoS)场景下100 GHz频段、带宽为1.2 GHz的信道测量。通过分析结果,发现两场景的均方根时延扩展值和均方根角度扩展值都服从正态分布,且NLoS场景的两种参数值都比LoS场景大。此外,由于太赫兹频段多径信号分量较少,且测量场景尺寸较小,使得实测的均方根时延扩展值的测量结果比3GPP标准值约小12 ns。通过建立对数距离模型探讨测量距离对两种参数的影响,发现均方根角度扩展值在NLoS场景中随距离的增加有上升趋势,而均方根时延扩展值在两场景中变化趋势相反。     

基于簇的块稀疏压缩感知的60GHz信道估计

基于压缩感知设计适用于60 GHz毫米波通信系统的信道估计方案,深入研究了正交匹配追踪(OMP)算法和正则正交匹配追踪(Regularized OMP)算法的60 GHz信道估计性能;在此基础上,充分发掘60 GHz无线多径信道所呈现出的分簇特性,提出一种新颖的基于簇分级的稀疏压缩感知重构算法。新算法在有效减少重构迭代次数的前提下,亦能显著降低信道估计误差。综合对比分析了基于簇分块稀疏压缩感知重构算法和现有压缩感知算法在60 GHz信道估计应用中的重构性能,仿真结果表明,压缩感知算法可有效应用于60 GHz系统信道估计,而新设计的基于簇分级的稀疏压缩感知算法则在估计精度和实现复杂度方面具更优越性能。     

室内60 GHz毫米波无线信道参数及其相关性研究

基于典型的室内走廊环境,对60 GHz毫米波通信信道参数及其相关特性进行了研究.在视距和非视距条件下,分析了信道参数包括多径个数、均方根时延扩展、莱斯因子、阴影衰落的特点及其分布模型,研究了信道参数之间的相关特性.结果表明:在视距条件下各参数之间普遍具有较强的相关性,而在非视距条件下只有均方根时延扩展和多径个数之间的相关性较强.利用信道参数的相关特性可从一个参数来预测另一参数,为60 GHz无线通信系统的设计提供有用信息.     

Indoor channel characteristics based on wideband MIMO measurements at 5.25 GHz

Extensive indoor channel measurements were conducted in Beijing with wideband multiple-input multiple-output （MIMO） sounder at 5.25 GHz. Both line-of-sight （LOS） and non-line-of-sight （NLOS） propagation were measured in the indoor office and hotspot scenarios. On the basis of measured data, statistical channel characteristics are presented in this article, including the empirical path loss （PL） models, three excess delay parameters, circular azimuth spread （CAS）, and circular elevation spread （CES）. Comparative analysis of different propagation mechanisms in two scenarios is conducted. These values are significant for indoor coverage and technical research of MIMO and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing （OFDM） for the international mobile telecommunications-advanced （IMT-Advanced） system.     

Measurement‐Based Stochastic Cross‐Correlation Models of a Multilink Channel in Cooperative Communication Environments

In this paper, stochastic models for the cross‐correlation of multiple channels are established based on measurement data collected using a wideband multiple‐input multiple‐output relay Band Exploration and Channel Sounder system at 3.7 GHz. We propose models for the cross‐correlation characteristics of large‐scale parameters (LSPs) between two links, that is, the base station and mobile station (MS) link and the relay station and MS link. The LSPs include shadow fading, Rician K‐factor, delay spread, angle spread of arrival, and angle spread of departure. Furthermore, models are established for the cross‐correlation of the small‐scale fading in the impulse responses of two links. The statistics of these model parameters are investigated as functions of geometrical features of the multilink. They are extracted from a large amount of cross‐correlation observations, which are obtained in three measurement sites along more than one hundred measurement routes. These models can be used together with the standard single‐link channel models for the generation of correlated components, for example, path clusters, in two separate channels.     

Wideband Millimeter-Wave Channel Characterization in an Open Office at 26 GHz

Based on the newest frequency allocation for the fifth generation (5G) radio systems at 26 GHz millimeter wave band by the World Radio Communications Conference, this paper investigates the wideband channel properties by measurements carried out in the LOS and NLOS environments at 26 GHz with 1 GHz bandwidth in an open office at KeySight Beijing, China, which is a representative of an indoor hotspot scenario. In the time domain measurements, an omni-directional biconical horn is used at the transmitter, while at the receiver a 24.3 dBi horn is applied and rotated with 5° angular step in the whole azimuth plane, and from ?20° to 30° in the elevation plane with 10° angular step. In the work, two kinds of path-loss models are developed, namely directional and omni-directional models by using close-in and float intercept methods. The directional path-loss model is useful for adopting beamforming techniques. The large scale channel parameters such as the shadow fading, root mean square (RMS) delay spread, RMS angular spread in the azimuth and elevation planes, Ricean K-factor, number of clusters and their correlations are investigated for the fifth generation (5G) link and system level simulations. A new method for extracting number of clusters is proposed to find the peak power within a sliding window. The power angular profiles are employed at the measurement locations for propagation mechanisms studies. We believe that the newest results in this work are useful in the simulations and planning for future 5G radio systems at 26 GHz.     

6.0-6.4GHz室内MIMO无线信道测量与传播特性分析

工作在6GHz以上高频段的多输入多输出(Multi-Input-Multi-Output,MIMO)无线通信系统是下一代无线移动通信的有力竞争方案.目前,对制约无线系统性能的高频段空时无线信道特性研究仍较少见.针对这一现状,采用基于网络分析仪的信道测量平台对典型办公环境下6.0-6.4GHz MIMO无线信道特性进行测量和分析.为了明确高频段为系统设计带来的新问题,将测量得到的高频段MIMO信道特性参数与低频段对比.对比结果表明,6.2GHz频段与2.45GHz频段MIMO信道传播特性存在较大差异.在对6.0-6.4GHz室内覆盖MIMO无线通信系统进行设计和评估时,需要基于6.0-6.4GHz频段无线信道传播的新特性对系统的关键技术和方案进行调整.     

Wide-band microwave propagation parameters using circular andlinear polarized antennas for indoor wireless channels

Results of experiments using a variety of antennas inside several buildings are presented. Path loss models for the 1.3 GHz and 4.0 GHz bands that show little difference in indoor path loss throughout the low-microwave region are discussed. Results show that line-of-sight (LOS) channels offer significantly more cross-polarization discrimination than obstructed channels. A profound result is that directional circularly polarized (CP) antennas always reduce RMS delay spread when compared to omnidirectional and directional linearly polarized (LP) antennas in LOS. The variation of RMS delay spread as a mobile moves over several wavelengths is also greatly reduced when CP antennas are used     

28 GHz MIMO无线信道特性分析与研究

基于室内视距(Line-of-Sight,LOS)和非视距(Non-Line-of-Sight,NLOS)无线信道测量数据,研究了28 GHz多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output,MIMO)信道参数和容量特性.具体地说,分析了莱斯K因子、时延扩展、出发角和到达角的角度扩展等信道参数,研究了MIMO信道容量及空间相关性对容量的影响.结果表明:莱斯K因子、时延扩展以及角度扩展值取决于测量环境及场景;LOS条件下时延扩展的累积分布函数(Cumulative Distribution Function,CDF)曲线与正态分布拟合优于NLOS条件下的数据;MIMO天线空间相关性越大信道容量越小.本文结果可为28 GHz无线通信系统设计提供有用信息.     

基于Wireless Insite的城镇厂区MIMO信道特性分析

为分析城镇厂区的MIMO信道特性,文中建立了特定厂区的3D确定性模型,并针对2.45 GHz和5.8 GHz两种载波频率,利用Wireless Insite软件对厂区MIMO信道的接收功率、路径损耗和时延扩展等信道特性参数进行了仿真分析。结果表明,4×4MIMO系统下两种载波频率路径损耗相差不大,2.45 GHz相对5.8 GHz能获得较高的接收功率,但时延扩展严重。综合考虑,5.8 GHz频段更适合城镇厂区MIMO信道的铺设,但需要考虑增加发射功率和减小覆盖范围等问题。