节能技术在高速公路隧道照明中的作用

伴随着我国经济的快速发展,我国各地的交通建设规模也在不断的扩张。在进行高速公路建设期间,有些地方由于地形的特殊化,必须考虑到进行隧道建设,公路隧道建设中最为重要的因素就是考虑隧道照明系统,隧道照明系统科学合理的设计,一方面可以为驾驶员提供舒适安全的灯光环境,另一方面可以有效的减少公路运营成本。本文就结合如何在高速公路隧道内科学合理设置安装照明节能系统展开论述。     

PLC技术在高速公路隧道照明节能控制领域的运用探微

隧道是高速公路重要的组成部分,为了保证隧道行车安全,隧道一般都安装照明灯.但是新开通的高速公路,往往车流量比较少,所以造成隧道照明系统资源的浪费现象十分严重.所以隧道节能控制直接关系到公路运营效益.本文主要阐述了PLC技术、高速公路隧道照明系统节能控制的意义,并将PLC技术应用具体的工程中.     

试析高速公路隧道照明节能技术的应用

目前,高速公路隧道照明节能技术的应用还不能适应我国高速公路建设的飞速发展,因此,需要我们把节能作为研究重点,提出合理的节能方案,既保证安全,也保证其经济性。1高速公路隧道照明节能技术应用的一般要求随着现代照明系统的发展,已超越了单纯照明的观念,照明系统的节能性以及经济性也在提升,因此,要加强光学、节能的共同研究,使得照明节能技术成为一门综合性的工艺。     

高速公路机电系统设计与施工的质量控制

高速公路机电工程是一个系统性工程,是高速公路中一个重要的组成部分。机电工程包括＂三大系统＂、隧道机电工程以及供配电系统等。其中三大系统包括＂监控系统＂、＂收费系统＂、＂通信系统＂的建设。机电系统设计和施工质量直接关系到高速公路的运营和安全。本文根据忻保高速公路工程实践,对机电系统设计与施工的质量控制进行了简要介绍。     

高速公路隧道机电工程施工安全信息化管理

隧道机电工程是影响高速公路综合质量的关键因素之一,直接关系是高速公路工程项目建设的质量和建设的效率,在很大程度上决定着高速公路整体工程项目的稳定性、安全性以及可靠性。所以,必须要加强对高速公路隧道机电工程项目施工管理的重视,明确隧道机电工程项目施工过程中可能存在的风险因素,并采取针对性措施进行解决,提高工程项目的建设效应,为高速公路的建设提供有效参考。     

高速公路运营管理优化对策探析

近年来,随着我国经济水平的提升,高速公路建设相对于以往也有了较大变化,但其运营管理方面仍旧相对落后,并不能配合高端、快速以及健康的高速公路发展需求。相关调查研究结果显示,当前高速公路运营存在路政管理缺乏规范合理、收费管理混乱以及管理经验不足等问题,不利于高速公路发展。对此,本文则针对上述问题提出完善公路制度建设,加强收费管理力度以及注入现代化管理理念等方面分析优化对策,望给予高速公路运营管理人员提供参考。     

高速公路隧道通风工程机电系统风机设计及管理

高速公路隧道机电工程包括隧道监控系统,紧急电话,有线广播系统,隧道供配电、照明、通风、电力监控系统,隧道消防系统,火灾检测及报警系统等子系统。隧道通风系统是高速公路隧道机电工程的一个重要的组成部分。隧道风机安装施工直接关系到高速公路隧道通风系统的运行质量和运营安全。基于此,根据忻保高速公路工程实践,对隧道通风系统风机安装施工控制进行简要介绍。     

LED灯具的应用对传统演播室的影响

本文主要介绍了LED灯具应用在用电量、调光、演播室灯光系统综合布线、安全、运营成本等方面对传统演播室的影响,以及LED灯具节能环保、寿命长、发光效率高等特点对演播室带来全方位的影响。     

省级高速公路通信网组网方案

高速公路通信系统是高速公路建设中的重要配套项目和基础设施组成部分，它为高速公路各级部门的运营、管理以及沿线设立的收费、监控系统提供话音、数据和图像的传输，是实现高速公路快速、安全、高效运行的重要保障。     

高速公路隧道施工质量与安全管理措施

近年来,随着现代化社会发展水平的不断提升以及科学技术的进步发展,我国高速公路隧道建设的发展速度日益加快。然而,社会对于高速公路隧道项目施工建设的质量安全要求也更加严格。为了在一定程度上确保项目施工的质量水平以及安全管理水平,在高速公路隧道的实际施工建设过程中,必须要采用科学化的质量管理措施以及安全管理措施,促进高速公路隧道工程的顺利运行。本文就高速公路隧道施工质量与安全管理措施展开详细论述。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.