Development of a GIS-based spill management information system

Spill Management Information System (SMIS) is a geographic information system (GIS)-based decision support system designed to effectively manage the risks associated with accidental or intentional releases of a hazardous material into an inland waterway. SMIS provides critical planning and impact information to emergency responders in anticipation of, or following such an incident. SMIS couples GIS and database management systems (DBMS) with the 2-D surface water model CE-QUAL-W2 Version 3.1 and the air contaminant model Computer-Aided Management of Emergency Operations (CAMEO) while retaining full GIS risk analysis and interpretive capabilities. Live 'real-time' data links are established within the spill management software to utilize current meteorological information and flowrates within the waterway. Capabilities include rapid modification of modeling conditions to allow for immediate scenario analysis and evaluation of 'what-if' scenarios. The functionality of the model is illustrated through a case study of the Cheatham Reach of the Cumberland River near Nashville, TN.     

Development of a knowledge-based system for materials management

In the past, many mistakes have been made in selecting the best materials for a given task. Thus, tools for humans to optimise the selection of materials will be valuable assets, particularly when the field of application is broad, the problem complex, the operating envelope variable, or the environment is aggressive. In this paper, a methodology for construction of a generic computer materials selector is described. A knowledge structure is presented in which materials selection and failure analysis are at opposite ends of a spectrum of materials performance. An example of the selection of a coating for marine use is given. Besides being of great value to designers, the tool is of considerable potential use for general materials information systems and computer-based learning modules.     

Development of a financial management system in a CIMS environment

This research is based on the Anshan Project, a cool strip millwork computer integrated manufacturing system (LZ-CIMS). The study describes the design and completion of a LZ-CIMS financial management system that was developed using an Oracle database with client/server architecture and Developer/2000. During the development of the system, the study explores the use of both software engineering and database theory and Oracle RDBMS to discuss the integrating methods of financial information.     

ISG型中混合动力汽车镍氢电池管理系统的研制

以ISG型中混合动力汽车(HEV)用镍氢动力电池组为控制对象,设计了以数字信号处理器(DSP)为控制核心的电池管理系统(BMS)。该系统应用复杂逻辑控制器件和光耦开关阵列,实现了各路模块电压和总电压的分时、周期性采集。在电流和温度的采样方面,以简便、实用的硬件电路对传感器信号进行转换,并进行软件滤波处理,得到准确的采样值。在采样准确的基础上,实现了基于查表-线性插值算法的电池组最大充放电功率的估算,并应用卡尔曼滤波方法对电池荷电状态(SOC)进行了预估,从而准确地反映出电池的能量状态,使整车能更好地分配能量的使用。     

等离子体增强化学气相沉积设备的研制

本文介绍非晶硅薄膜太阳能电池生产线的核心设备——等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PECVD, Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition)系统,并阐述了其重要地位.非晶硅太阳能电池制造的关键技术是非晶硅薄膜的制备,目前最常见的制备方法是PECVD技术.PECVD技术凭借其低温沉积、可大面积成膜、成膜均匀等特点,在非晶硅薄膜制备方面迅速发展.PECVD系统用于制备非晶硅太阳能电池的关键结构P、I、N硅薄膜层.本文阐述了该设备的结构特点、技术指标、工作原理及工艺过程,对沉积室的结构和配置进行了详细设计计算,非晶硅太阳能电池稳定后的转化效率可达6％.     

Development of the Swedish bridge management system by introducing a LMS concept

The Swedish Road Administration (SRA) has developed an information technology (IT) based bridge and tunnel management system (BaTMan) that is widely implemented by the organisation. The system is a tool for operational, tactical and strategic management. However, this system does not include systems and tools for managing optimisation and long-term planning of␣Maintenance, Repair and Rehabilitation (MR&R) actions due to service life performance aspects. This paper discusses the need of service life performance analysis for sound optimisation and long-term planning of MR&R actions in the bridge management. The paper presents a service life performance analysis model that is based on a Markov chain model and the MEDIC method. The model is developed to manage different kinds of degradation characteristic and yet present a uniform result expressed in conditional probabilities. The paper discusses also the need of systems and tools for describing objects on both an overall level and on a component level.     

Consensus oriented fuzzified decision support for oil spill contingency management

Studies on multi-group multi-criteria decision-making problems for oil spill contingency management are in their infancy. This paper presents a second-order fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) model to resolve decision-making problems in the area of contingency management after environmental disasters such as oil spills. To assess the performance of different oil combat strategies, second-order FCE allows for the utilization of lexical information, the consideration of ecological and socio-economic criteria and the involvement of a variety of stakeholders. On the other hand, the new approach can be validated by using internal and external checks, which refer to sensitivity tests regarding its internal setups and comparisons with other methods, respectively. Through a case study, the Pallas oil spill in the German Bight in 1998, it is demonstrated that this approach can help decision makers who search for an optimal strategy in multi-thread contingency problems and has a wider application potential in the field of integrated coastal zone management.     

计量信息管理系统的开发与应用

根据现代计量管理方法和使用先进的计算机网络技术开发出计量信息管理系统,阐述了对计量工作实现计算机化管理的必要性、意义和作用,介绍了用于现代化企业的通用计量信息管理系统的结构、功能及应用情况.实践证明,计量工作的计算机管理减轻了计量部门对计量器具管理的劳动强度,实现了对全厂计量工作的优化管理.     

高等院校教学管理软件系统开发

针对高等院校的教学管理现状 ,通过分析教学管理的总体结构和基本功能 ,利用Delphi、SQLServer数据库技术实现教学管理软件系统的开发。     

A multi-agent system for chemical supply chain simulation and management support

Modern chemical production is customer-driven and the desired delivery time for the products is often shorter than their campaign length. In addition, the raw materials supplying time is often long. These features make it desirable to provide tools to support collaborative supply chain decision making, preferably over the Internet, and where there are conflicts, compromise decisions can be quickly reached and the effects of the decisions can be quantitatively simulated. This paper des cribes such a multi-agent system (MAS) that can be used to simulate the dynamic behaviour and support the management of chemical supply chains over the Internet. Geographically distributed retailers, logistics, warehouses, plants and raw material suppliers are modelled as an open and re-configurable network of co-operative agents, each performing one or more supply chain functions. Communication between agents is made through the common agent communication language KQML (knowledge query message language). A t the simulation layer, the MAS allows distributed simulation of the chain behaviour dynamically, so that compromise decisions can be rapidly and quantitatively evaluated. Because in a chemical supply chain the scheduling of the plant often dominates the chain performance, an optimum scheduling system for batch plants is integrated into the MAS. The functions of the system are illustrated by reference to a case study for the supply and manufacture using a multi-purpose batch plant of paints and coatings.     

Development of a new production management system for the co-elevation of humanity and productivity

This paper reports development activities for a new production management system aiming to obtain excellent product quality and high productivity by heightening the morale of the workers and by harmonizing the workers' human needs with the company's organizational needs

In the course of proceeding with the development of the new production management system, first, the needs of workers as a whole and as individuals were analysed by the multivariate analysis method, so as to clarify the differences in their motivations in regards of the workers' attributes, working environments and the management systems

Secondly, several proposals for improvement were presented to workers as a whole and as individuals and such proposed improvements were experimentally implemented one after another in order to harmonize the human needs with the organizational needs.     

Reaction-diffusion in a simple pooled chemical system

The reaction scheme based on the cubic autocatalator A + 2B→ 3B B → C is considered in a closed vessel with the reactant Abeing replenished by the slow decay of a precursor Pvia the simple step P→A The concentration of Pis assumed to be very much larger than that of the intermediates Aand Bso that the pooled chemical approximation can be made. Spatial variations are allowed for within the vessel and it is assumed that initially the vessel contains only the reactant Pand that at time ? = 0 a quantity of B,characterized by the parameter β_o; is introduced into some localized region. The long-time behaviour is discussed and it is shown that this depends on the parameters β_oand μ(where μis a non-dimensional parameter representing the reaction rates) with the value of the diffusion parameter λ effectively controlling the form of the transient path leading to the final behaviour. Analytic solutions are derived for the cases when β_ois small and λ is large. These are complemented by numerical solutions for general values of the parameters. It is found that there are three possibilities: a finite equilibrium may be reached with Aand Bhaving constant concentrations, the concentrations of Aand Bmay oscillate, or Bmay die away leaving just the conversion of P to AIn the first two cases it is found that this behaviour is left behind a propagating reaction-diffusion front. The nature of this front is analysed in detail.     

Installation of a multiplexed Raman system in a chemical process

A 785 nm laser dispersive Raman system was installed in a hazardous chemical production plant to monitor two reactors, a still, and a holding tank with measurement directly through sight glasses. Compositional information for several raw materials, intermediates, and products was obtained using partial least squares (PLS) calibrations. Discriminate analysis was used to exclude extremely poor spectra while including usable ones. Derivative/standard normal variate (SNV) treatment was found to be effective for correcting for background fluorescence and for large differences in spectral intensity. Final regression equations incorporated temperature fluctuations, occasional fluorescence, some sunlight effects, large intensity variations, and large compositional changes. Various installation problems were solved via data treatment or mechanical changes. The Raman system provides information for control of the process, resulting in cost savings and improved safety.     

Corporate crisis management managing a major crisis in a chemical facility

Chemical sites should have well trained and organized emergency response plans to manage an incident within the plant or during transport. The implementation of an incident command system utilizing either internal resources or external response through mutual aid agreements is generally sufficient to address the direct impact of an event on the site. When the site resources become overwhelmed in addressing resulting issues such as press releases, medical advice/support, employees and family support, Agency notifications, etc, Corporate should be ready and able to respond. This paper, taken from an in-depth CCPS workshop led by the author, describes an outline for corporate assistance in the event of a major incident at a site or during transportation.     

Evaluation of a system for chemical sterilization of packages

A system was evaluated for the chemical sterilization of packages, based on its sporicidal efficiency using inoculated Bacillus subtilis inside polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles. Different combinations of contact time, temperature and peracetic acid concentrations were tested, delineated according to a factorial planning of 2³. The results, expressed as decimal reduction counts, proved that peracetic acid showed good sporicidal efficiency at 1.2% concentration in the temperature range 30–50°C. With this performance, the tested system can be used to sterilize plastic bottles and other similar packages, achieving a count reduction of spores by up to 10^?7. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

On the structural stability of a simple pooled chemical system

The effect of adding the uncatalysed reaction step to the cubic autocatalator in a closed system is examined under the pooled chemical approximation. The addition of this extra step has a dramatic effect on the overall reaction over the parameter range where, without this step, the pooled chemical approximation breaks down. It is found that, no matter how slow the uncatalysed reaction, the pooled chemical approximation now remains valid throughout. There is a parameter range where there is oscillatory behaviour, these oscillations arising from points of Hopf bifurcation.     

Periodic optimization of a chemical reactor system using perturbation methods

Summary A perturbation approach is presented to the periodic optimization problem of certain classes of nonlinear dynamical systems, for small-amplitude forcing functions, and within specific frequency ranges derived from Guardabassi's-criterion. The procedure is illustrated by means of a classical example in chemical engineering, involving the optimal periodic operation of a continuous stirred tank reactor, in which two parallel reactions take place. The analysis is performed at cycling frequencies slightly above the minimum frequency, where, according to the-criterion, performance improvement by cycling becomes possible. The per cent production gains over the optimal stationary operation are evaluated, as a function of the amplitude and frequency of the oscillations allowed to exist in the system, and as a function of the process parameters. Also the characteristics of the control and state waveforms are analysed. Thus the existence and practical applicability are demonstrated of a mathematical relationship between the optimal periodic control problem, the-criterion, and the theory of perturbations.