Cooling of Paper Using Chill Rollers

A mathematical model is developed to understand the heal transler characteristin ofa chill roll assembly used in the heat-set web-oflset printing industry. Thechill roll assembly permils the waling olpaper after the paper has undergone drying in an oven to allow for hardening of the ink The heat transfer is modelled and solved using a series expansion. The heat conducted from the paper at each roll is calculated from this, as well a temperature distribution through the paper and around the roll. The resulls are compared with a real system and the resulling error is found to be of the order of 5%.     

牛奶冷却罐典型技术方案及其特性分析

牛奶冷却罐是牧场和牛奶收集站的主要设备。给出了牛奶冷却罐三个典型的技术方案,分别为直冷式奶罐、水冷式奶罐和速冷式奶罐。对不同奶罐的基本构成、工作原理进行了介绍,并以6 t奶罐为例,对不同奶罐的功率匹配和能耗进行了计算分析。结果表明,速冷式奶罐具有较好的综合优势。     

新型凉味剂N-乙基-L-薄荷基甲酰胺的合成研究

凉味剂N -乙基-L- 薄荷基甲酰胺可以通过L -薄荷腈与硫酸乙酯反应制备,而L -薄荷腈可以由L -薄荷脑为原料经二步反应制备。     

循环冷却水系统中逆流湿式冷却塔的特性研究

以循环冷却水系统中的逆流式湿式冷却塔为研究对象,详细阐述了空气湿球温度、水流量和进塔水温对冷却塔热力学性能的影响。水温降低幅度越大,冷却塔冷却效能越好。结果表明:增加进口空气湿球温度或水与空气进料质量比,冷却塔冷却效能降低;水进口温度的变化对塔冷却效能影响较小;水与空气进料质量流量比高时,沿塔高显热交换潜力降低,质量流量比低时,沿塔高显热交换潜力增加。     

Novel Beater Additives for Paper

Abstract

Novel beater additives were prepared and the properties of the produced paper sheets were studied. From the results of non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis of the prepared paper sheets, these additives can be used as a fire retardant.

The results obtained also show that, this type of additives is suitable for producing magnetic paper, whereas its mass succeptibility value in some time is greater than that produced from adding magnetic metal oxides under the same conditions of preparation; while its semiconductor property is relatively higher than that obtained from adding metal oxides.

In addition, using of such additives accept the sheets high strength properties, porous structure (air permeability value ～ 800 ml/min.), and water resistance behavior. Its resistivity to water absorption is better than that obtained by chemically modification of the pulp to decrease its hydrophilicity, e.g., acetylation and grafting by hydrophobic monomer. Therefore, this type of paper sheets is suitable as a Nursery-plant boats.

The biological evaluation of the produced paper sheets reveals that, the addition of novel additives gains the paper some anti-microbial action.     

凉味剂左旋薄荷酰胺的合成

凉味剂WS 3 (即N 乙基 L 薄荷基甲酰胺 )可以左旋薄荷醇为原料 ,经氯代、羧酸化和酰胺化三步制成 ,以左旋薄荷醇为起始原料计 ,总产率为 3 0 .1 %。中间体 ( 1R ,2S ,5R) ( ) 氯代薄荷、( 1R ,2S ,5R) ( ) 薄荷基羧酸、( 1R ,2S ,5R) ( ) 薄荷基羧酸酰氯和终产品N 乙基 L 薄荷基甲酰胺通过GC、m .p.、旋光度的测定及红外光谱等分析确证其与目标产物结构一致。左旋的凉味剂WS 3凉味纯正强烈 ,无杂味。     

宽断面隧道窑冷却带的计算机模拟

通过对宽断面隧道窑冷却带进行数学建模及计算机模拟 ,探讨了其冷却曲线温度和制品平均温度之间的关系 ;通过改变工况参数 ,可以得到不同的冷却效果。对窑炉冷却质量的评价、冷却曲线的制定和优化生产控制具有一定的借鉴意义     

具有任意柱形冷却水道注塑模的冷却过程模拟分析

本文介绍了注塑模中任意柱形冷却水道的几何生成及模型存储方式,详细论述了任意柱形冷却水道的冷却模拟数值分析方法.介绍了这种冷却系统的设计及分析实例.     

紫外光固化纸张涂料的研制

研究合成了聚酯型丙烯酸聚氨酯.讨论了树脂的工艺配方、活性稀释剂、光敏剂的种类及数量对涂料性能的影响.将该涂料用于纸张、纸板、印刷品等,不仅固化速度快,而且性能完全符合要求.     

中空制品冷却过程的模拟分析

通过对中空制品的冷却过程进行分析,建立了冷却过程中的物理模型和传热方程,并以高密度聚乙烯为例,采用ANSYS有限元分析软件进行了模拟分析,得到冷却曲线,对中空制品的冷却过程提出了相应的观点。     

Steady-State Modeling of Multi-Cylinder Dryers in a Corrugating Paper Machine

In this study, a steady-state model was developed to describe the paper drying process and to analyze pocket dryer conditions for a multi-cylinder fluting paper machine in Iran's Mazandaran Wood and Paper Industries. The machine has 35 cylinders grouped in three drying groups and the cylinders are heated from the inside by steam. The model is based on the mass and energy balance relationships written for fiber, air, and water in the drying section. In this research, the heat of sorption and its variations with paper temperature and humidity changes have been taken into account. Temperature and moisture variation of the paper web and cylinder surface temperature in the machine direction were predicted by the proposed model. Also, temperature and humidity of air in the drying pockets and hood exhaust were estimated by the proposed model. Moreover, the model can predict the evaporation rate and specific drying rate with sufficient accuracy in comparison with the TAPPI standard. Finally, the main modeling parameters were compared with the available operating data and the effectiveness of the developed model was verified through validations.     

从考察调查中看纸浆项目的可行性

从部分纸浆厂考察调研中了解到，只要严格管理，做到建设周期短，投资省，资金到位，加上资源丰富。纸浆项目的成功是没问题的。     

注塑制品冷却时间的确定

注塑制品大批量生产时，冷却时间的确定变得愈来愈重要。本文详尽地介绍不同形状的无定型和结晶型注塑制品冷却时间的确定。     

影响注射成型冷却时间的因素分析

介绍了一种估算注射成型过程中冷却时间的数学公式,并用它和CAE软件一起,以一平面薄板为例,全面讨论了冷却管道和制品距离、不同塑料材料和不同制品厚度、开模温度、模具热传导率、冷却介质（水）初始温度对冷却时间的影响程度,得出最大的影响因素是制件的厚度,开模温度及冷却水温度。     

紫外光固化纸张涂料的研制

研究合成了聚酯型丙烯酸聚氨酯。讨论了树脂的工艺配方、活性稀释剂、光敏剂的种类及数量对涂料性能的影响。将该涂料用于纸张、纸板、印刷品等,不仅固化速度快,而且性能完全符合要求。     

气辅注塑结晶型塑料制品冷却时间的确定

针对气辅注塑结晶型塑料制品的特征对其冷却模型进行了简化,并通过精确分析解法和积分近似解法相结合对该模型进行了推导求解,得出了气辅注塑结晶型塑料制品在冷却过程中的温度场分布和冷却时间,对实际生产过程有一定的指导作用。     

N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺对纸张涂层剂性能的影响

研究了 N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺 ( NMA)对 VAc-BA-NMA三元共聚物乳液用作纸张涂层剂性能的影响。     

强磁线圈冷却系统化学清洗

对齐大山铁矿选矿厂的SLONΦ2000立环强磁机激磁线圈冷却水系统的化学清洗工作,采用德国EDA化学清洗新技术,取得良好的经济效益,进行了全面总结,给出了化学清洗工作的详细实施过程及试验数据和效果检查情况。     

Ozone Treatment of Cooling Water: Results of a Full-Scale Performance Evaluation

This paper is the first technical status report of a continuing evaluation of ozone treatment for cooling tower water. Data will be presented that illustrate the results of ozone treatment in a 3,400-ton air-conditioning cooling system at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, which is operated by Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy. Heat transfer data and equipment inspections confirm that a threshold surface temperature exists, below which heat exchange surfaces remain free of mineral scale. Heat exchange surfaces that exceed the temperature threshold experience calcium carbonate scaling. The temperature threshold effect may explain why ozone treatment has been reported as a successful treatment for air conditioning cooling towers, but has not been successful in higher temperature process cooling systems. Plans for future ozone investigations will be discussed.     

冷却水处理技术分析

对国内通常的冷却水处理方法做了简单介绍和对比。化学水处理法操作简单,综合效果好,在经济上比较合理,并具有广泛的发展前景。物理水处理法其处理效果总体看不如化学水处理法,其理论研究和应用技术的开发值得专业人员不断探索。