电网水电站群短期优化调度模型体系及应用分析

立足电网水电站群短期优化调度的业务特点及应用需求,提出电网水电系统短期优化调度的多模型转化机制及其运用准则,为水电站群的日计划方案编制提供决策支撑;以水电能源的高效利用和电力系统的电力电量平衡为基础,建立了相互关联的短期优化模型体系,重点阐述了电网水电站群可用水量与水电负荷需求的协调关系。国网直调水电系统的计算结果表明,多模型转化机制能准确体现电网的不同调度意图,并获得对应的水电站群负荷控制策略。     

多级协同模式下华中电网大规模水电站群跨网调峰调度研究

根据华中区域大规模电站群跨省电力输送运行实际,针对水电站群优化调度需兼顾多电网调峰需求、电站出力计划编制复杂问题,提出了一种多级协同模式(MLCM)下大规模水电站群跨网调峰调度方法。以各受端省级电网余荷均方差最小为目标建立电站群联合跨网调峰调度模型,通过流域梯级电站群层级排序获得电站优化次序,简化电站间复杂耦合关系,将约束处理耦合至电站出力网间二次分配过程中,逐步迭代调整各受电网受电计划,获得满足多电网调峰需求的电站出力计划与电网受电过程。所提方法通过华中区域三葛梯级、清江梯级、沅水梯级水电站群调度模拟得到验证,应用结果显示电站出力计划在兼顾多电网调峰需求的同时充分发挥了水电站群联合调峰容量效益,具有工程实用价值。     

贵州电网梯级水电站群联合调度运行方式研究

基于传统电站调度图,构建了系统蓄能与系统总出力的关系,以贵州电网梯级水电站群历史流量数据为例,并分别以多年平均发电量最大、系统不蓄能期望最大为优化调度方式、负荷优化分配对调度规则各变量进行整体寻优,获得了水电站群联合调度方式.检验结果表明,该运行方式可确保电网和水电系统安全高效运行,可供借鉴.     

含柔性直流输电系统的电网潮流优化控制方法

提出了一种含柔性直流输电系统的电网潮流优化控制方法,根据厦门柔性直流输电工程现场运行特点,分析了福建电网不同运行方式下柔性直流输电通道与相关交流输电通道之间的潮流耦合关系,建立了交直流通道的传输功率约束,在保障电网安全的前提下,尽可能地降低电网的有功损耗。该方法在福建省调EMS系统中得到应用,能够实现对含柔性直流输电系统的电网潮流优化控制,提高电网运行安全性、经济性。     

流域水电站群短期优化调度的均匀用水最小模型

根据流域水情及电网调度特点,提出了水电站群短期优化调度的均匀用水最小目标函数,并在考虑实际运行的各种约束因素的情况下,建立了相应的优化调度模型和提出了优化算法,实践表明,该模型优化效益显著。     

考虑电网络影响的水火电力系统短期优化调度

为提高发电计划实际执行的可行性,提出考虑电网络影响的水火电力系统短期优化调度方案,即在传统水火电优化调度中引入输电网络潮流约束,构建水火电力系统短期优化调度数学模型。该模型以火电站的总煤耗量最小为优化目标,考虑水火电的发电特性、梯级水电复杂关系、系统运行约束、输电网络约束及传输功率限制。同时为模型求解引入迁徙操作和惯性权重非线性递减策略的改进粒子群算法,并设计了五种约束处理规则以应对复杂的约束条件。最后以典型水火电系统和IEEE-9节点的电网络拓扑为例对所构建的模型和算法进行验证。结果表明,所构建的优化模型和设计的求解方法能满足复杂运行约束的短期调度方案。     

短期水电优化调度系统设计与开发

大规模水电站群联合优化调度运行对于水电厂自身和电网安全稳定运行至关重要,需制定高效实用的水电站短期发电计划指导其运行。因此,该系统研发了一套基于B/S模式的短期水电优化调度系统,阐述了该系统的总体功能设计和关键实现技术。系统应用表明,该系统具有友好的人机交互界面、良好的健壮性和可扩展性,为制定短期水电系统联合优化发电计划提供了便利。     

智能电网日前发电计划系统设计与关键技术

随着电力调度复杂性的不断增加,迫切需要研发综合考虑各种约束的安全经济一体化发电计划应用。文中全面介绍日前发电计划系统建设方案,并对发电计划优化与量化安全校核予以详细分析。应用表明,该系统能够有效优化机组计划与潮流分布,增强发电调度的决策能力和智能化水平。     

基于远动系统实现电网地调水调自动化系统的数据通信

针对电网地调水调自动化系统建成过程中小水电厂通道条件差、难以实现水调数据到地调中心站传输这一难题,提出了复用远动系统通道方案,通过数据采集与监控(SCADA)系统远动通道实现水调数据传输,并在浙江丽水水库群调度支持系统中得到实际应用.     

灾备技术在宁波电网调度自动化系统中的应用与开发

针对电网的安全运行对电网调度自动化系统可靠性的高要求,介绍了宁波电网调控一体化系统的方案设计,提出了宁波电网调度自动化系统和220kV集控系统相互备用,以及宁波电网调度自动化系统对500kV集控系统、宁海县调系统、象山县调系统多点备用的灾备方案。宁波调控一体化系统的实施推动了灾备技术在电网调度自动化领域的应用和发展。     

Nordic hydropower flexibility and transmission expansion to support integration of North European wind power

The expected increase of wind power production in the North and Baltic Seas will substantially increase the variability of the generation portfolio in Northern Europe. Access to available resources of flexible power production will be necessary to support the power system against this variability. Since the Nordic hydro‐based power system can provide such resources, a stronger interconnection between continental Europe and the Nordic region seems to be beneficial. This paper assesses the challenges related to wind power production variability, especially offshore, in the North and Baltic Seas. Assessment on the transmission grid needed for both harvesting the available wind production located far away from load centres and to enable the optimal use of hydropower flexibility is studied in a long‐term cost‐benefit analysis. Special focus is devoted to the role of an offshore grid structure and the impact of onshore grid constraints. The analysis includes two interrelated simulation steps. The first step focuses on the strategic use of hydro energy in the day‐ahead market, where detailed modelling of water courses and hydro production in the Nordic region is considered. Then, in a second step, flow‐based simulations are conducted on a detailed grid model for the whole European system. The results show that long‐term strategies for the expansion of offshore and onshore grids must be defined in a coordinated way to ensure optimal developments. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于随机潮流的分布式电源多目标优化配置

风光等间歇性分布式电源(DG)出力具有随机性和波动性,在规划过程中采用确定性变量和约束处理间歇性DG出力与实际发电情况不符,难以得到真实的规划结果,同时也会造成不必要的资源浪费。对此,采用机会约束规划方法,建立综合投资效益、网损和电压偏差的DG多目标优化配置模型,采用基于半不变量法的随机潮流结果对相关机会约束进行概率校验,并将累积排序操作、精英保留操作和拥挤距离操作引入随机黑洞粒子群算法,提出一种改进多目标粒子群算法对模型求解。PGE-33节点配电系统仿真结果表明,DG合理接入与优化配置能有效提高电网运行经济性和供电可靠性,且从概率角度分析源荷侧不确定因素对电压水平的影响,评估规划方案与实际电网运行契合度,辅助规划人员进行科学决策。     

风光并网对河南电网系统稳态影响

大规模风光发电并网是未来电网发展的必然趋势,然而,风光发电功率的强间歇性与随机性势必会对电网的稳定运行和优化控制带来影响。以河南电网冬季大运行方式下的规模风电、光伏电源联合接入电网为研究背景,利用连续潮流法,计算在新能源发电接入系统后的区域电网潮流分布;考虑区域电网未来发展趋势,逐步增加新能源的渗透率,对系统内多类型节点电压越界情况分析,判断区域内电压薄弱节点,并计算系统风电与光伏发电的最大消纳量;应用P-V曲线潮流分析方法测算出电压稳定极限及对应的有功功率,得到不同渗透率下系统所对应的静态电压稳定性;同时结合日负荷曲线,分析在目前状态下及所计算的最大渗透率下,系统任一时刻各中枢点电压水平。结果表明：在目前及新能源最大渗透率下,系统各节点电压值均处于正常范围。     

考虑内部多地区间交互协作的复杂省级电力市场交易优化决策

为实现电力市场大范围资源优化配置,提出了一种考虑内部多地区间交互协作的省级电力市场交易优化决策方法.首先介绍了市场交易架构和机制,同时以全省社会福利和跨地区交易电量最大化为出清目标,其中社会福利计及了线路的输配电成本.然后,优化决策中考虑了全省各地区内部的电网安全约束、供热机组运行约束和交易决策约束等多约束条件,并对地...     

Smart house-based optimal operation of thermal unit commitment for a smart grid considering transmission constraints

This paper presents a smart house-based power system for thermal unit commitment programme. The proposed power system consists of smart houses, renewable energy plants and conventional thermal units. The transmission constraints are considered for the proposed system. The generated power of the large capacity renewable energy plant leads to the violated transmission constraints in the thermal unit commitment programme, therefore, the transmission constraint should be considered. This paper focuses on the optimal operation of the thermal units incorporated with controllable loads such as Electrical Vehicle and Heat Pump water heater of the smart houses. The proposed method is compared with the power flow in thermal units operation without controllable loads and the optimal operation without the transmission constraints. Simulation results show the validation of the proposed method.     

Use of a static frequency converter for rapid load response inpumped-storage plants

Most pumped-storage power plants have the capability to operate as synchronous condensers. As such, they can be brought online very quickly to support power system load requirements. However, one of the effects of making a rapid transition from synchronous condenser operation to turbine/governor operation is an initial reverse power flow into the machine. This reverse power flow can be very undesirable at a time when the power system is calling for load support. On weak or isolated power systems, this reverse power flow can lead to objectionable voltage and frequency dips in the power system. With the proper utilization of a static frequency converter (SFC) and its associated controls and auxiliary switchgear systems, the reverse power flow resulting from a transition from synchronous condenser operation can be eliminated. This paper describe a method by which an SFC system can be used to make this rapid load response in pumped-storage power plants without incurring a reverse power flow and to provide additional instantaneous short term power to support the grid     

Distributed generation integrated with thermal unit commitment considering demand response for energy storage optimization of smart grid

This paper deals with an optimal battery energy storage capacity for the smart grid operation. Distributed renewable generator and conventional thermal generator are considered as the power generation sources for the smart grid. Usually, a battery energy storage system (BESS) is used to satisfy the transmission constraints but installation cost of battery energy storage is very high. Sometimes, it is not possible to install a large capacity of the BESS. On the other hand, the competition of the electricity market has been increased due to the deregulation and liberalization of the power market. Therefore, the power companies are required to reduce the generation cost in order to maximize the profit. In this paper, a thermal units commitment program considers the demand response system to satisfy the transmission constraints. The BESS capacity can be reduced by the demand response system. The electric vehicle (EV) and heat pump (HP) in the smart house are considered as the controllable loads of the demand side. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by extensive simulation results which ensure the reduction of BESS capacity and power generation cost, and satisfy the transmission constraints.     

Short term scheduling of multiple grid-parallel PEM fuel cells for microgrid applications

This paper presents a short term scheduling scheme for multiple grid-parallel PEM fuel cell power plants (FCPPs) connected to supply electrical and thermal energy to a microgrid community. As in the case of regular power plants, short term scheduling of FCPP is also a cost-based optimization problem that includes the cost of operation, thermal power recovery, and the power trade with the local utility grid. Due to the ability of the microgrid community to trade power with the local grid, the power balance constraint is not applicable, other constraints like the real power operating limits of the FCPP, and minimum up and down time are therefore used. To solve the short term scheduling problem of the FCPPs, a hybrid technique based on evolutionary programming (EP) and hill climbing technique (HC) is used. The EP is used to estimate the optimal schedule and the output power from each FCPP. The HC technique is used to monitor the feasibility of the solution during the search process. The short term scheduling problem is used to estimate the schedule and the electrical and thermal power output of five FCPPs supplying a maximum power of 300 kW.     

基于SA-PSO的风电消纳经济性动态规划分析

  [目的]  电网运行规划研究在电力系统中具有十分重要的地位,对电源布局具有决策意义,其本质上是一个多约束组合优化问题,重点研究了风电运行成本的计算模型。  [方法]  该模型对电源布局规划中需要重点考虑的约束问题进行了分析,采用粒子群算法用于解决此类目标优化问题,并结合模拟退火理论对传统粒子群算法进行了优化处理。  [结果]  通过仿真计算,与遗传算法及粒子群算法进行了对比分析,证实了这种算法的优越性,可以找到满足各种约束条件的最优电网出力方案。最后,进一步分析了在不同风速下对风电并网运行成本影响。  [结论]  该模型应用于电网规划分析是可行且有效的。