光学多层膜的特性计算和分析的计算机软件

本文详细论述了光学薄膜计算机辅助设计中,计算和分析软件的功能、特点及计算方法。     

光学薄膜宽带实时监测方法的探讨

列举了多种实例，对光学薄膜宽带监测方法作了认真探讨。在非λ/4多层薄膜的制备中，有效的监测方法是获得制各成功的关键。根据宽带光学薄膜的特殊要求，选择合适的监测方法，满足膜层监测的实际需求，是评价实施方法的一个重要依据。     

曲柄摇杆机构的计算机仿真分析

做图法设计曲柄摇杆机构,设计误差较大,效率低;结合计算机程序仿真设计,可以提高设计精度,缩短设计周期.建立了曲柄摇杆机构运动分析的数学模型,阐述了采用VB为开发工具来实现该运动仿真系统的具体方法,并且给出了该机构运动仿真的运行实例.     

Modelling the Deformation Behaviour of Multilayer Coatings

In tribological contacts involving relatively thin vapour-deposited coatings, it is the substrate which provides the main load support. The coating must therefore be able to deflect along with the substrate without cracking if it is to function satisfactorily. Although the potential benefits of multilayer coatings in such contacts have been well documented, their deformation behaviour has not been properly understood. Since it is this response to deformation that provides their benefit (compared to single-layer coatings), we have undertaken studies into this aspect, both by simulation modelling and finite element analysis. These studies conclude that, for multilayer coatings having repeated hard/soft (or low/high modulus) layers, the main shear deformation takes place in the low modulus (soft) layers. This ensures that the harder (more brittle) layers effectively slide over each other, and do not experience high bending stresses. This helps to explain why such multilayers can deflect with the substrate under load without cracking, and therefore survive in heavily loaded tribological contacts.     

多层涂层的摩擦学研究进展

多层涂层与单一涂层相比具有优异的力学性能：低的内应力、高附着力、适当的硬度刚度比、低的摩擦及磨损。简要综述了多层涂层在摩擦学领域内新的研究进展，概括了目前多层涂层的制备方法及结构设计，并对今后的发展趋势作了探讨。     

多层复合镀层工艺与性能的研究

利用改进的电刷镀技术研制具有层状结构的复合镀层，探索了利用多种固体粒子（Cr2O3、SiC、ZrO、Al2O3等）构成多层复合镀层的可能性与工艺上的可行性。此外，还研究了多层复合镀层的组织、结构、显微硬度以及耐磨性等性能。     

宽带平坦型软X射线多层反射膜的设计

提出一种宽带平坦型软X射线多层反射膜的设计方法。给出了18nm 20nm波段的设计结果,整个波段的反射率与25%的最大偏差小于1.5%.这种方法对于软X射线波段的成像、光谱分析等应用有重要意义。     

多层涂层体系界面应力的求解

基于弹性力学平面问题的位移函数解法,运用Fourier积分变换推导了多层涂层体系界面应力及位移分量的一般解,得到一种高效、简便的涂层界面应力计算方法。     

Tribological Properties of Multilayer Coatings for Cutting Tool

Problems of increasing the effectiveness of edge cutting machining by cutting metals via improving the tribological properties of the multicomponent coatings to be deposited on the cutting tool have been considered. The results of experimental investigations of the wear resistance of the cutting tool, as well as the tribotechnical parameters of multicomponent coatings and their spectral analysis, have been presented.     

Computer Simulation of Orthogonal Cutting using a Tool with Multiple Coatings

The development and evaluation of an orthogonal cutting simulation model for carbide tools with multiple coating layers (1 µm-TiN/3 µm-Al₂O₃/6 µm-TiC) is presented. The chip geometry, cutting forces, tool temperatures and stresses were predicted using the Finite Element Method (FEM). The results were analyzed with a focus on the understanding of the thermal influence of coating upon tool temperatures at the tool-chip interface and in the substrate. In the simulation model used, the thermal effect of tool coating was considered by using two different models: (a) use of individual coating layers defined with intrinsic thermal properties and (b) use of a composite coating layer defined with equivalent thermal properties. The proposed models were evaluated by comparing the predictions with the experimental data available in the literature under the same cutting conditions. The steady state tool temperature solution was obtained by adopting a three-step simulation scheme. It consisted of an initial Lagrangian-type simulation until a stable chip shape was formed and a subsequent Eulerian-type calculation with update of the free surface and plastic strain field of the workpiece. The predicted results indicated that for the coated tool considered the thin-film surface coatings with an Al₂O₃ intermediate layer did not significantly alter the steady state temperature gradients between the chip and the tool substrate and provided little thermal insulation effect to the tool substrate. However, the modified thermal response of the coated tool surface caused lower cutting temperatures at the tool-chip interface as compared to that for an uncoated tool under the same conditions. Although these results are consistent with similar experimental observations in the literature, further validation work needs to be conducted.     

平面光波导精密对准平台运动误差的敏感性分析

在阵列光纤与波导芯片的对准过程中,多自由度精密运动平台的运动精度直接影响其耦合效率。针对此问题,运用多体动力学理论,通过分析运动平台的各项误差源,建立了多自由度精密运动平台的误差模型。采用基于方差的Sobol法对运动平台的各项误差进行敏感性分析,从而得到了各误差参数在敏感方向的影响程度。试验结果与理论分析结果基本吻合,说明该模型具有一定的适用性。该模型可为多自由度精密运动平台的运动精度控制、误差补偿分析以及系统优化设计提供借鉴。     

电测仪表全自动校验系统的误差分析

研究了图像处理技术在仪表全自动校验中的应用方案,详细分析了全自动仪表校验过程中误差的来源,根据不同误差来源提出了供参考的相应解决方法,并指出减小图像识别处理算法的误差是解决问题的有效途径.     

大型构件焊接过程计算机仿真综述

大型构件焊接计算机仿真着重分析焊接结构的温度场、应力场和变形,并综述了大型构件焊接过程计算机仿真的一般过程,介绍了国内外相关研究的最新进展。     

Abrasive Wear of DLC/PVD Multilayer Coatings: AFM Studies

The tribological behaviour of multilayered coatings deposited on plain carbon steel was investigated by microscale abrasion tests (MSATs). The multilayered coatings consisted of an outer diamond‐like carbon (DLC) layer, a physical vapour deposition (PVD) nitride‐based interlayer, and an inner electroless Ni‐P layer. PVD TiN‐ and Ti(C,N)‐coated samples with and without the DLC outer layer were studied in order to evaluate the influence of each layer on the tribological behaviour of the multilayer‐coated system. The MSATs were carried out using a device based on ball‐cratering geometry: a hard steel sphere was rotated against the coated specimen in the presence of an aqueous suspension of SiC particles. The wear coefficients of the multilayers were calculated from the diameter of the wear craters. The morphology of the wear scars produced by the MSATs was studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The wear damage was described by measuring the r.m.s. roughness (S_q) on the sides of the wear craters. Roughness values were related to the wear coefficients (k_c) for the different multilayers on the basis of mathematical elaboration typical of the ‘design of experiment’ (DOE) statistical technique. The presence of the DLC outer layer reduced the roughness of the crater sides and significantly increased the wear resistance of the multilayer only in the case of the PVD TiN sublayer.     

光学系统装配误差分析及装调路径优选

分析了透射式光学系统中透镜以球面接触形式和平面接触形式装配时,多种公差对透镜装配误差(倾斜误差和偏心误差)的综合影响,从光学公差和机械公差设计的角度综合评价光学系统公差设计的合理性。借助于光学元件的分划工艺和绕中心轴线旋转装入的角度,提出了透镜与镜筒装配位姿量化的确定方法及装调路径描述方法。利用光学设计仿真软件ZEMAX进行了基于MTF指标的公差灵敏度分析,从而进一步提出了基于误差权重因子的装调路径优选方法,并用三片式柯克物镜系统的装调验证了研究方法的合理性。     

光数字计算机的内连接

本文综述了目前可用于数字光计算机中的各种内连技术及其应用层次。     

TiN/TiSiN复合涂层显微结构与力学性能研究

采用工业用直流脉冲等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PCVD)法在硬质合金刀具基体上制备了TiN和TiN/TiSiN复合涂层.对TiN涂层和不同沉积温度下制备的三种TiN/TiSiN复合涂层的微观结构和力学性能进行了对比研究.结果表明:随着沉积温度的升高,TiN/TiSiN复合涂层的结合力增大;沉积温度为550℃时,TiN/T...     

光电互联电路中激光器与光纤间接耦合仿真分析

随着大数据、云计算、5G 通信等新兴产业的蓬勃发展,数据中心的信息量成指数增长。光电互联电路可实现数据中心服务器内部板间、组件之间、芯片之间的高速、高带宽、高密度、低功耗、低损耗的信息传输,可有效解决高速电互联技术的传输瓶颈。采用光纤作为传输介质可有效降低光电互联电路的制作成本,激光器与光纤的耦合对准技术则是实现光电互联电路的关键技术之一。文中利用ZEMAX光学软件建立了激光器与光纤间接耦合模型,仿真分析了激光器纵向偏移误差、横向偏移误差、角度偏移误差和45°耦合机构倾斜角角度加工误差对耦合效率的影响。仿真结果可为光电互联电路的设计与制造提供指导。     

计算机辅助弧面分度凸轮的检测及误差分析

介绍了在凸轮检测仪上应用计算机的辅助作用检测弧面分度凸轮廓面的方法,在此基础上介绍了误差分析方法.     

Friction Properties of Carbon Nano-Onions from Experiment and Computer Simulations

The carbon nano-onion can be considered as a new kind of interesting lubricating nanoparticle. Used as lubricant additives, carbon nano-onions lead to a strong reduction of both friction and wear, even at low temperature. To better elucidate the mechanisms by which these processes occur, coupled experimental and computational investigations are carried out. In addition, it is found that lubricious iron oxide nanoparticles are generated in the core of the steel contact through mechanisms that are not yet known. The molecular dynamics simulations of carbon onions placed between sliding diamond-like carbon surfaces at high contact pressure indicate that the lubrication mechanism of the onions is based on a coupled process of rolling and sliding inside the contact area. We conclude that most of carbon onions seem to remain intact under friction processes and do not generate graphitic planes, which is in contrast to the previously determined behavior of MoS₂ fullerenes that are mainly exfoliated inside the contact area and liberate lubricating lamellar sheets of h-MoS₂.