Reflections of Mary Kralj's (2001) case study.

This review offers reflections on the article "Coaching at the Top: Assisting a Chief Executive and His Team" (M. M. Kralj, 2001 see record 2001-01213-005), pointing out particular strengths of the case study as well as specific areas in which more detailed information would enhance the author's presentation of the study and findings. These areas are suggested for further discussion and exploration. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Assessing the child psychopathology beast: A reply to Achenbach and Dumenci's (2001) commentary.

This article is a response to T. M. Achenbach and L. Dumenci's (2001) commentary (see record 2001-18163-011) concerning L. J. Lengua, C. A. Sadowski, W. N. Friedrich, and J. Fisher's (2001) article (see record 2001-18163-010) proposing an alternative scoring approach for the Child Behavior Checklist. The authors note that T. M. Achenbach and L. Dumenci do not comment on the stated goals of the alternative scoring approach and focus on a limited set of the results to make their argument. Although the original and proposed scoring approaches operate similarly, important differences suggest that the proposed scoring approach is promising for use in specific instances, including identifying distinct etiologies, developmental course, and co-occurrence of specific syndromes. The importance of combining rational and empirical approaches in articulating conceptual definitions and developing measures of child psychopathology is discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Do not discount lay opinion": Comment.

Comments on the article by S. M. Kassin et al (see record 2001-17140-001) which discussed eye witness testimony. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Eyewitness researchers as experts in court: responsive to change in a dynamic and rational process": Comment.

Responds to the comments by M. L. McCullough (see record 2002-12932-018) on the original article (see record 2001-17140-001) which discussed eyewitness testimony. The current author states that McCullough's commentary rests on a foundation of assumptions that were both na?ve and erroneous. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Commentary on two articles concerning generalized and specific cognitive deficits.

This is a commentary on essays in this journal issue by M. E. Strauss (see record 2001-17627-002) and R. A. Knight and S. A Silverstein (see record 2001-17627-003) on research methodology for studying cognitive deficits. Concentrating mostly on Knight and Silverstein's article, the authors review the psychometric issues in the matched-task design, analyze Knight and Silverstein's "process-oriented" objections to that design, and scrutinize their methods for studying cognitive deficits, examining 2 of their empirical studies as examples of those methods. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Psychologist supply, managed care, and the effects of income: Fault lines beneath California psychologists": Erratum.

Reports errors in the original article by D. Pingitore et al (Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 2001, Vol 32[6], 597-606). In the first paragraph on page 601, lines 5-10 should read: "Net income for psychologists aged 40-54 years was significantly greater than for psychologists 39 years and younger (pt test for income differences by age group should be pp>.05). (The following abstract of this article originally appeared in record 2001-05464-006.) Data from the 2000 California Survey of Psychological Practice (D. Pingitore, R. Scheffler, M. Haley, T. Sentell, & D. Schwalm, 2001) were used to measure psychologists' income variation associated with demographic characteristics, managed care participation rate, and mental health workforce supply concentrations. A 10% increase in the supply of psychologists in a psychologists' market of practice resulted in a $1,749 reduction in income compared with a $1,330 income reduction due to a 10% increase in managed care participation... (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Toward application of the Therapeutic Workplace: Reply to Higgins (2001), Marlatt (2001), McLellan (2001), and Petry (2001).

Responds to comments by N. M. Petry, S. T. Higgins, A. T. McLellan, and G. A. Marlatt (see records 2001-14365-003, 2001-14365-004, 2001-14365-005, 2001-14365-006 respectively) on the article by K. Silverman et al. (see record 2001-14365-002). The Therapeutic Workplace appears effective at initiating abstinence from heroin and cocaine in pregnant and postpartum women. However, the cost and complexity of the intervention must be reduced before it is ready for widespread application. This treatment is designed to train and employ drug abuse patients, and to use the salary that they earn for working to reinforce abstinence. Limiting teaching to only critical skills can reduce the costs of training. Computerizing the intervention also can reduce its cost and complexity. Major cost efficiencies should be realized when participants become employed in Therapeutic Workplace businesses; these businesses could provide a self-sustaining means of arranging long-term employment and salary-based abstinence reinforcement. Studies are required that simultaneously demonstrate the effectiveness and cost efficiencies of using salary for real work to reinforce drug abstinence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Cognitive-behavioral stress management intervention decreases the prevalence of depression and enhances benefit finding among women under treatment for early-stage breast cancer": Reply.

Replies to comments offered by J. C. Coyne and A. Kagee (see record 2001-05135-009) on the M. H. Antoni et al (see record 2000-14051-003) study on cognitive-behavioral stress management intervention's role in decreasing the prevalence of depression among women being treated for breast cancer. The authors of this article dispute the claim that patients in need cannot access interventions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Women in academe: Is the glass completely full?

Replies to comments published by M. J. Harris (see record 2003-03406-011) and A. Bleske-Rechek and R. M. Webb (see record 2003-03406-012) in reference to the original article by M. E. Kite et al (see record 2001-10045-002), which summarized the findings and recommendations of the Task Force on the Status of Women in Academe. Here Kite et al reply in detail to the published comments. Four primary issues are addressed: equity in compensation, the question of special treatment, the importance of continuing to transform the academy, and the need for continued vigilance and monitoring to ensure that advances in gender equity do not prove to be just a passing phase. Kite et al emphasize both the importance of continuing to transform the academy and the need for continued vigilance on issues of gender equity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The unconscious status of defense mechanisms.

Responds to L. S. Newman's and M. H. Erdelyi's comments (see records 2001-18061-011 and 2001-18061-012, respectively) on the P. Cramer article (see record 2000-15774-007). The author maintains that to consciously and intentionally modify one's thinking, affect, or behavior (i.e., to cope) so as to manage a stressful situation is an inherently different process than the unintentional cognitive distortion that occurs on an unconscious level when a defense mechanism is used. Furthermore, it is argued that the features of being unconscious and unintentional are critical for defining the defense mechanism and for differentiating this process from other methods of adaptation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Slow down, you move too fast: Emotional intelligence remains an "elusive" intelligence.

Comments (see records 2001-10055-002, 2001-10055-003, 2001-10055-004, and 2001-10055-005) on the R. D. Roberts, M. Zeidner, and G. Matthews (see record 2001-10055-001) article on the measurement of emotional intelligence (EI) made various pertinent observations that confirm the growing interest in this topic. This rejoinder finds general agreement on some key issues: learning from the history of ability testing, developing more sophisticated structural models of ability, studying emotional abilities across the life span, and establishing predictive and construct validity. However, scoring methods for tests of EI remain problematic. This rejoinder acknowledges recent improvements in convergence between different scoring methods but discusses further difficulties related to (a) neglect of group differences in normative social behaviors, (b) segregation of separate domains of knowledge linked to cognitive and emotional intelligences, (c) potential confounding of competence with learned skills and cultural factors, and (d) lack of specification of adaptive functions of EI. Empirical studies have not yet established that the Multi-Factor Emotional Intelligence Scale and related tests assess a broad EI factor of real-world significance. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

美标A级船体用结构钢板的生产实践

介绍了按照美国标准A131/A131M-2001生产的GRADE-A级船板钢的成分、性能要求,通过实际成分设计,制定出合理轧制工艺,生产出性能优良的船体结构用钢.     

A remedy for the Black-White test-score disparity.

Comments on the article by P. R. Sackett, N. Schmitt, J. E. Ellingson, and M. B. Kabin (see record 2001-00625-002) which posed the dilemma of how to use tests to select for performance without excluding minority group members. The current author argues that high-stakes tests of cognitive abilities are not culturally equivalent for minority groups. The concepts of cultural equivalence, psychometric equivalence, and cultural fairness are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Wishing away history.

Responds to the comment by M. F. Hoyt (see record 2001-18061-014) on the article by P. Gilford and P. Cushman (see record 2000-05933-002). It is argued that Hoyt did not grasp the synchronistic connection between managed care's practices and its implications for current understandings of human being. The authors believe that either Hoyt did not fully understand their concerns or he is unable to apply them to his own theory. It is maintained that Hoyt's comments demonstrate how difficult it is for psychologists to think historically and critically about their practice. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Guidelines for assessments: Reactions to the commentators.

In this short article, the authors respond to the critiques of the four commentators (see records 2001-17060-010, 2001-17060-011, 2001-17060-012, 2001-17060-013 respectively) on the original "Guidelines" article (see record 2001-17060-009). They highlight areas of agreement and disagreement with the other authors in an effort to move the discussion forward. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Cost-effectiveness of statin medications.

Responds to the F. B. Garfield (see record 2001-00625-014) comments on the R. M. Kaplan (see record 2000-08148-002) discussion on the enhancement of population health status through disease prevention. Garfield described recent research on cholesterol lowering that might impact Kaplan's findings. Kaplan and Golomb agree that the exclusion of statins from the original article was an oversight, but doubt that greater attention to statins would have changed his original conclusions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Context Noise and Item Noise Jointly Determine Recognition Memory: A Comment on Dennis and Humphreys (2001).

S. Dennis and M. S. Humphreys (see record 2001-17194-007) proposed a model with the strict assumption that recognition memory is not affected by interference from other items. Instead, confusions are due to noise generated by prior contexts in which the test item appeared. This model seems disparate from existing models of recognition memory but is similar in many ways that are not superficially obvious. One difference is the order in which item and context information are used as retrieval cues. A more critical difference is the assertion that only an item's history, and not other items, affects recognition memory. Conceptual arguments along with the results of 2 experiments make a persuasive case that both types of noise affect recognition. To illustrate the approach, the authors fit experimental data with a version of the retrieving effectively from memory model (R. M. Shiffrin & M. Steyvers, 1997) incorporating both sources of noise. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

E pluribus unum.

Replies to comments on the original article by R. J. Sternberg and E. L. Grigorenko (see record 2001-10045-001), which described an approach to psychology ("unified psychology") which is a multiparadigmatic, multidisciplinary, and integrated study of psychological phenomena through converging operations. Sternberg and Grigorenko reply to comments by H. H. Kendler (see record 2003-03406-005), M. Y. Lau (see record 2003-03406-006), J. I. Kassinove (see record 2003-03406-007), W. Chovan (see record 2003-03406-008) and R. Chao (see record 2003-03406-009). Sternberg and Grigorenko note that the aforementioned authors disagree at least as much among themselves as they do with Sternberg and Grigorenko's proposals. Sternberg and Grigorenko provide brief replies to each published comment here. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)