2-(3-羧基-2,4,5-三氮唑偶氮)-5-乙酰氨基苯酚的合成及其与钴的显色反应研究

合成了新试剂 2 -(3 -羧基 -2 ,4,5 -三氮唑偶氮 ) -5 -乙酰氨基苯酚 (CTZAAP) ,并研究了其与钴的显色反应及应用。在 p H7.61的 Na H2 PO4 -Na2 HPO4 缓冲液中该试剂与钴形成 2∶ 1红色稳定配合物 ,λmax为 5 2 9.2 nm,钴量在 0～ 1 .2 μg·m L- 1 范围内符合比尔定律 ,表观摩尔吸光系数为 4.61× 1 0 4 L· mol- 1 · cm- 1 。方法用于维生素 B1 2 注射液及环境水样中的微量钴测定 ,结果满意     

铜(Ⅱ)的高选择性显色试剂2-[2-(4-羟基-6-甲基嘧啶)偶氮]-1-萘酚

合成了2-[2-(4-羟基-6-甲基嘧啶)偶氮]-1-萘酚并研究了其在金属的分光光度测定中应用的可能性。它与铜、镍、钴、铁和钯的反应是灵敏的,其与铜(Ⅱ)的反应更灵敏。在40％(v/v)甲醇溶液中,其摩尔吸光系数为3.07×10~4l·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)。     

非水溶性meso—四（4—乙酰氧基苯）卟啉与钴显色反应的分光光度法研究

研究了在阴离子表面活性剂 SDS 存在下,非水溶性 meso—四(4-乙酰氧基苯)卟啉[简称T(4-AOP)P]与钴(Ⅱ)的显色反应。结果表明,在镉盐和咪唑存在下,在 pH7.8,T(4-AOP)P与钴(Ⅱ)形成稳定的高灵敏配合物,其ε_(?)=2.40×10~5l·mol~(-1)·cm~~(-1)。钴(Ⅱ)的浓度在0～200ppb 范围内,遵守比耳定律。在掩蔽剂存在下,有一定的选择性。用本法直接测定了稀土及维生素 B_(12)中的钴,结果满意。     

以镉试剂2B—Triton X—100分光光度法测定微量钴

试验了在硼砂缓冲溶液中用镉试剂2B-Trition X-100测定微量钴的新方法。在实验条件下钴与镉试剂2B 形成1:2的配合物。其最大吸收波长位于530 nm 处,摩尔吸光系数为1.12×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)。钴量在0～12μg/25 mL 范围内符合比尔定律。此法已用于矿石中微量钴的测定。     

新8-喹啉偶氮显色剂QADHP的合成及其与钴(Ⅱ)显色反应的研究

合成了4种8-喹啉偶氮新试剂。研究了其与金属离子的显色反应。对QADHP与钴(Ⅱ)的显色反应作了详细的研究。在pH9.3的硼砂缓冲溶液中，配合物的最大吸收峰位于624nm，表观摩尔吸光系数为9.0×104L·moL-1·cm-1，钴量在0～20μg/25mL范围内符合比尔定律。     

2-(2-喹啉偶氮)-5-二甲氨基酚光度法测定环境样品中钴(Ⅱ)的研究

研究了新试剂 2 (2 喹啉偶氮 ) 5 二甲氨基酚 (QADMAP)与钴的显色反应 ,在pH 3 5的HAc NaAc缓冲介质中 ,溴化十六烷基三甲基铵 (CTMAB)存在下 ,QADMAP与钴反应生成 2∶1稳定配合物 ,配合物最大吸收波长为 61 0nm ,摩尔吸光系数ε=1 2 2× 1 0 5L·mol-1·cm-1,钴含量在 0～1 0 μg/mL内符合比尔定律。方法用于环境样品中钴的分析 ,结果令人满意。     

新8-喹啉偶氮显色剂QADHP的合成及其与钴(Ⅱ)显色反应的研究

合成了4种8-喹啉偶氮新试剂。研究了其与金属离子的显色反应。对QADHP与钴(Ⅱ)的显色反应作了详细的研究。在pH9.3的硼砂缓冲溶液中,配合物的最大吸收峰位于624nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为9.0×104L·mol-1·cm,钴量在0～20μg/25mL范围内符合比尔定律。     

2-(3,5-二氯-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺与钴显色反应的研究及其应用

研究了新显色剂2-(3,5-二氯-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺与钴(Ⅱ)的显色反应。在 pH3.5～9.0范围内,试剂与钴(Ⅱ)形成2:1的稳定配合物,吸收峰位于548nm。在0.6～3.8mol/L 盐酸溶液中,配合物的最大吸收峰位于612nm,摩尔吸光系数为1.16×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)。钴含量在0～0.6μg/mL 范围内符合比尔定律。方法用于矿样和钢样中钴的测定,结果满意。     

4,5-二溴苯基萤光酮和CPB分光光度法测定钴

研究了钴与4,5-二溴苯基萤光酮在CPB存在下的高灵敏显色反应。在pH 10.5的硼砂-NaOH缓冲溶液中,可立刻形成组成比为1:3的络合物。其最大吸收波长在640nm.摩尔吸光系数为1.27×10~5升·摩尔~(-1)·厘米~(-1)。有色络合物在48小时内稳定。25毫升中0～20微克钴遵守比耳定律。研究了共存离子的影响。方法已应用于矿石中微量钴的测定,结果满意。     

2-(2-喹啉偶氮)-1,3-二氨基苯的合成和用于光度法测定钴的研究

合成了2(2喹啉偶氮)1,3二氨基苯(QADAB),并研究了其与钴的显色反应,在pH50的磷酸盐缓冲介质中,CTMAB存在下,QADAB与钴反应生成2∶1稳定配合物,用磷酸酸化后,在酸介质中体系λmax=595nm,ε=829×104L·mol-1·cm-1。钴含量在001～040mg/L内符合比尔定律,方法用于环境样品中钴含量的测定,结果令人满意。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。