Enquiry based learning in chemical engineering curriculum supported by computer aided delivery

Traditional curriculum delivery in higher education has long been considered ineffective in promoting deep learning. Enquiry based learning (EBL) provides an opportunity to develop important professional attributes within the subject-specific content. Computer-aided learning packages can be a useful tool in supporting the development of these skills, as they enable students to explore and gain experience of new software environments in subject-specific context. The development of case studies delivered in Stages 1 and 2 of a chemical engineering degree programme, utilising a number of different software packages is described. The Stage 1 case study develops fundamental principles of chemical engineering whilst Stage 2 case studies concentrate on separation processes and the reactor engineering aspect at the same time requiring the application of the knowledge of statistics and design of experiments, respectively. Student evaluation via questionnaires, focus groups and comments from individual reflective reports, submitted as part of the assessment of the Stage 1 case study activity, demonstrate the impact of these case studies on student learning and their behaviour. Students consider these case studies useful in strengthening their knowledge of the relevant areas of chemical engineering as well as helping them develop skills they consider important from employability point of view.     

Group work experiences of women students in a Scottish chemical engineering programme

Chemical Engineering, similar to other Engineering courses, has seen an undergraduate gender shift in recent years towards greater women student representation. This raises the issue of the inclusion, in terms of equality of participation and opportunities, of these women students in learning activities and also the role that they can play in encouraging inclusion and development of others, which can have implications, not only for their current studies, but their future careers. This paper provides both statistical evaluation of students’ attainment from group working activities, and a narrative account of the students’ experiences along with the resulting impact on their inclusion, engagement and group interactions. We highlight the changing role filled by women students and their awareness of these changes and impacts. Notably, the work identifies a change in attitude with regards to roles for women in facilitating group work with many women students purposefully avoiding the additional work-load that past studies have identified.     

Promoting problem refining,analyzing and solving abilities through active learning in Polymer Chemistry and Physics teaching: A prospective framework for free radical suspension polymerization

It is more important to promote professional ability of the undergraduates than to simply acquire knowledge. Teachers play a significant role in the teaching/learning activities. Problem-based learning paradigm was conducted in the course of the undergraduate’s degree in Polymer Chemistry and Physics in Lanzhou University in the last two years, aiming on promoting problem refining, analyzing and solving abilities of the undergraduates through active learning with a designed guidance. Taking the learning of free radical suspension polymerization as an example in the present work, a prospective framework is outlined based on the topic of “how to inspire students to think?”. By this approach, a satisfactory learning experience was ensured across the spectrum of abilities, including positive student feedback, improved mark, and promoted skills.     

卓越工程师培养计划教育改革-如何在课程设计中加入讨论式教学

为了加强卓越工程师教育改革,本文以实例的形式给出了3种污水的水质参数,由学生经过讨论后选择合适的处理工艺,发现学生基本上能够掌握各种污水处理工艺的优缺点,并且确定较为合适的处理方案。     

The role of textural characteristics and oxygen-containing surface groups in the supercapacitor performances of activated carbons

It is suggested that the specific capacitance C₀ of activated carbons at low current densities (d ∼ 1 mA cm⁻²) consists, to a good first approximation, of two contributions. For the H₂SO₄ electrolyte they correspond to approximately 0.080 F m⁻² from the total accessible surface area and an additional pseudo-capacitance of 63 F mmol⁻¹ from the surface species generating CO in thermally programmed desorption (TPD). The new correlation proposed here is an alternative to Shi's earlier approach which considered contributions from the microporous and the external surface areas. Furthermore, it appears that the variation of the specific capacitance C at high current densities d (up to 100-150 mA cm⁻²) depends essentially on the CO₂-generating surface groups and on 1/L₀, the inverse of the average micropore width.     

问题驱动法在食品营养与卫生学教学中的探讨

简要介绍了问题驱动教学法与传统教学法的区别,指出了《食品营养与卫生学》课程教学中的问题,重点阐述了问题驱动教学法在食品营养与卫生学中的具体应用,并分析了问题驱动教学法的利与弊,最后提出了问题驱动教学法对主导教师的要求,旨在进一步提高教学质量,培养学生综合运用知识的能力。     

The role of entanglements in network formation in unsaturated low density polyethylene

In this study the network formation in a new poly(ethylene-co-1,9-decadiene) polymer was compared with that formed in an ‘ordinary’ low density polyethylene after being crosslinked with a peroxide. The crosslink density was determined by swelling measurements and by strain measurements at different stresses. Above the melting point, physical crosslinking points, in the form of ‘trapped entanglements’, constitute around 60% of the total number of crosslinking points. The chemical crosslinks, which originate from peroxide and from reacted vinyl groups, are in minority. However, although the chemical crosslinks are fewer, they are indeed very important for making the large fraction of physical crosslinks permanent, i.e. that they do not slip under load.     

The role of introduced isolation groups in PVK-based nonlinear optical polymers: Enlarged nonlinearity, improved processibility, and enhanced thermal stability

In this paper, a new series of PVK-based nonlinear optical (NLO) polymers were successfully synthesized, in which different isolation moieties (from the small to large size) were bonded to the NLO chromophore moieties. All the polymers were well characterized, and the obtained results demonstrated that the polymers exhibited improved solubility and processibility, and good optical transparency upon the introduction of the isolation groups, in addition to the enhanced NLO effects, further confirming that the linkage of isolation groups will not only boost the NLO properties of the resultant polymers to possibly high values, but also improve their processibility during the device manipulation process.     

The role of dispersive and electrostatic interactions in the aqueous phase adsorption of naphthalenesulphonic acids on ozone-treated activated carbons

The adsorption of 1-naphthalenesulphonic (NS), 1,5-naphthalenedisulphonic (NDS) and 1,3,6-naphthalenetrisulphonic (NTS) acids on ozonated activated carbons was assessed. Commercial activated carbon (Filtrasorb 400) was treated with different ozone doses in order to study the effect of ozone treatment on their surface properties, and investigate the behaviour of these carbon samples in the adsorption of the above naphthalenesulphonic acids. Experimental results showed that the adsorption capacity sharply decreased as the number of sulphonic groups in the aromatic ring increased. As the concentration of oxygenated electron-withdrawing groups on the carbon surface increased, a significant reduction in adsorption capacity of aromatic sulphonic compounds was observed. These results indicate that the adsorption process takes place mainly by π-π dispersion interactions between the aromatic ring electrons of the naphthalenesulphonic acids and the basal plane of the activated carbon. Moreover, in all cases, the adsorption capacity of aromatic sulphonic acids decreased as the pH increased. This indicates that electrostatic interactions between the adsorbate and the carbon surface also took place, as a result of the ionisation of oxygenated surface groups on the carbon surface. Nevertheless, the dispersive (non-electrostatic) forces govern these adsorption processes.     

The role of water and surface acidity on the reactive adsorption of ammonia on modified activated carbons

Commercial carbons were modified by incipient wetness impregnation with aqueous solutions of metal salts (Fe, Co, Cr), followed by calcinations at low temperature (300 °C). The materials were characterized using adsorption of nitrogen, potentiometric titration, thermal analysis, XRF, SEM and FTIR. Their performance for ammonia removal was evaluated in dynamic conditions at room temperature. The results indicate that activated carbons with supported metals on the surface can be used for the removal of ammonia pollution and their capacity depends on the nature of the metal deposit and its acidity. Moreover the capacity is also affected by the presence of moisture and surface functional groups. The latter, when strongly acidic, significantly enhance the adsorption capacity. On the surface of modified activated carbons reactive adsorption of ammonia takes place via the formation of ions, which bind to surface acidic groups. Thus the removal process is essentially governed by acid-base interactions.     

TBL教学法在有机化学设计性实验中的应用

以团队为基础的学习（TBL）是近年来有效增强学生学习主动性和提升学习效果的现代课程教学方法。为了调动学生的学习积极性、主动性,激发学生科研兴趣,提高学生思维能力、实验动手能力、解决实际问题能力及创新能力,培养团队合作精神,本文探索在药学本科有机化学设计性实验中开展TBL教学的尝试。     

PBL教学法在KBr含量测定实验中的应用

针对传统的分析化学实验教学中存在教学过程按部就班,学生学习兴趣不高等不足,以KBr含量测定为例,将PBL教学法引入药学专业分析化学实验教学,以问题为导向,充分发挥学生的主体作用和教师的引导作用,实现了KBr含量测定实验由验证性实验向设计型实验的转变。从而激发学生的学习兴趣,提高学生的实验技能,有助于学生分析问题、解决问题能力的培养,从而提高教学效果。     

我国合成氨煤制气技术现状及发展前景

阐述了目前国内合成氨煤制气原料的结构情况和生产现状,当前煤制气技术进展及前景展望,指出了采用先进的煤制气技术对现有合成氨装置进行改造,是氮肥企业落实科学发展观、建设资源节约型和环境友好型现代化企业的有效途径.     

PVDF有机膜改性技术的研究进展

综述了目前PVDF有机膜的改性技术及其研究进展,PVDF有机膜的改性技术总体分为物理改性和化学改性。经过改性后的膜在一定程度上能够有效增强亲水性和抗污染能力,但成膜后的稳定性有待进一步提高。指出今后应加强在不同的环境因素中对PVDF有机膜的改性及应用研究。     

纤维基吸附材料在海水提铀中的应用

介绍了纤维基吸附剂及其制造方法和应用实施情况。主要涉及高比表面纤维、聚合物吸附剂辐射接枝技术、海上作业以及回收铀的洗脱与纯化处理,并对纤维基吸附剂海水提铀的成本作了分析和说明。指出:近年来,国际上采用纤维基吸附剂从海水中提铀技术已取得了长足进展,开展这一方面的研究具有实际的技术经济效益和环境意义;建议我国尽快启动此项研究活动。     

化学实验教学资源开发的重要性分析

近年来,随着社会的不断发展以及教育事业的不断变革,化学实验在化学教育中所占的比重越来越大。业界人士不再仅仅关注对学生理论知识的教育,他们更大程度上关注在教学中的实践问题,及在化学教学中引入了大量的化学实验,采取实验教学的方法,激发学生学习化学的兴趣、学习的主动性、创新能力和实践能力等。为寻求完善化学实验教学方法,促进化学教学质量不断提高。国家越来越重视化学实验教学资源的开发与利用,旨在让教师和学生对化学实验更加重视,促进化学教育的有效进行,提高课堂效率。     

发生炉煤气在建陶行业应用中的环境治理

本文阐述了建陶行业发生炉煤气应用中的环保问题,提出了发生炉煤气站中的废弃物及污染物的处理方法。阐明煤气站的环保问题已经是刻不容缓的问题,已成为影响煤气化技术本身能否持续发展的关键。是从事煤气化专业人员必须考虑的问题。     

研讨式教学方法在医用有机化学教学中的应用

有机化学是医学专业重要基础课程。随着教育教学改革的发展,使得医学有机化学的教学面临不少困境。本文从分析教学现状入手,分析问题,提出具体的解决方法,尝试用研讨式教学方法进行医学有机化学的教学改革。采取启发式知识传授、互动式讨论、课题式研讨、研究性实验、归纳性总结等几个环节,激发学生的学习兴趣,提高学生的综合素质。取得了良好的教学效果。     

项目课程的开发原则与方法

项目课程是学习领域课程的典型实现形式.开发项目课程关键是选取项目作为学习情境的载体.本文从学习领域课程开发的工作任务分析、课程设置、课程实施三个方面,论述了项目课程的开发原则与方法.