巧克力糖衣板栗的制备

针对板栗果脯加工工艺中剥壳、护色、浸糖等工艺,对板栗果脯加工工艺进行了改进,制作出了以巧克力作为糖衣的板栗休闲食品。试验结果表明：60℃,烘烤2h时剥壳效果较好;护色液的最适配比为：以加水量为基准,柠檬酸、NaCl、EDTA-2Na、Vc、山梨酸钾的添加量依次为0.20%、0.3%、0.2%、0.04%、0.25%;最佳浸糖方案为：采用三步浸糖法,每次糖煮温度90～95℃,糖煮时间20min,浸糖温度30℃,浸糖时间8～10h。     

乳酸菌发酵桃脯制备工艺

以桃为原料进行乳酸菌发酵,然后利用发酵后的桃块经糖液煮制,常温浸糖,适温烘制做成乳酸菌发酵桃脯。通过试验,确定乳酸菌发酵桃脯制备方法:45%糖液煮至桃没有生心,糖煮时间10 min,常温浸糖时间24h,将浸糖后成型的桃块放入烘箱中,60℃烘制20 h。按照此方法制得的桃脯酸甜可口,不仅桃味浓郁,而且还具有乳酸菌发酵产品特有的风味。     

无硫低糖杏脯生产工艺的研究

以鲜杏为原料,以氯化钙、氯化钠、柠檬酸、D-异抗坏血酸钠作为护色剂,通过单因素及L16(45)正交试验,研究不同护色剂对杏脯质量的影响,确定无硫低糖杏脯生产的最佳的无硫护色工艺条件为:杏果经清洗、去皮、硬化后在含0.3%氯化钙、0.6%柠檬酸、0.6%氯化钠、0.3%D-异抗坏血酸钠制得的护色液烫漂,再放入0.5%的明胶溶液中浸胶,用40%的糖液第一次糖煮,真空糖渍24h,再用45%糖液进行第二次糖煮,真空糖渍24h,用55—65℃温度的烘房烤制,制得的杏脯品质最好。该方法与传统果脯生产方法相比,具有产品安全性高、含糖量低等优点。     

鸡矢藤纤维的碱煮精制工艺

以鸡矢藤的茎秆为原料,通过浸渍、手工剥皮、浸酸和两次碱煮脱胶的方法精制鸡矢藤纤维。采用正交实验设计方法,优化得到鸡矢藤纤维最优脱胶精制工艺:第一次碱煮的碱浓度为1.4%,碱煮温度95℃,碱煮时间3.5 h;第二次碱煮的碱浓度为0.8%,碱煮温度95℃,碱煮时间2.5 h;浸酸浓度6%,室温浸酸0.5 h。以此工艺制得的精制鸡矢藤纤维性能指标均值为:纤维长度39.90 mm、纤维线密度2.85 dtex、强度18.56 cN/dtex、断裂伸长率2.81%。脱胶后的纤维具有较好的纺纱性能。     

金针菇脯加工工艺的研究

对金针菇脯加工过程中的热烫、硬化、糖煮、烘干等工艺进行了研究。试验结果表明,在95℃的热水中漂烫1.5 min,金针菇保藏时间变长且没有了不好的气味;选用0.5%葡萄糖酸内酯溶液浸泡金针菇3 h,使金针菇在糖煮中更加耐煮,柔软有韧性;用65%糖液,1.0%柠檬酸,熬制45 min,金针菇脯酸甜可口,金黄透亮;在55℃的温度下烘干7 h,金针菇脯饱满不黏手。     

低糖佛手果脯加工工艺研究

本文采用三次真空浸糖并逐次增加糖液浓度加工低糖佛手果脯的生产工艺,对真空浸糖相关工艺参数运用L9(3)4正交试验设计进行研究。真空浸糖最佳工艺参数为:真空浸糖的真空度0.06MPa。糖液浓度梯度40%、50%、60%,单次浸糖时间3.5h,浸糖温度30℃,浓度为70%的香料水,3%食盐和0.1%甜蜜素对真空浸糖半成品进行调味后制得低糖佛手果脯。     

毛木耳蜜饯加工工艺研究

以毛木耳为原料,制备毛木耳蜜饯。采用多次糖煮及冷冻处理,进行正交试验设计,考察了糖液浓度、料液比、糖煮温度、时间、冷冻温度、时间和浸渍时间等因素对蜜饯风味品质的影响,确定了毛木耳蜜饯的最佳加工工艺条件为:糖液浓度65%,料液比1:2,糖煮温度160℃,时间10min,冷冻温度-15℃,时间8h,浸渍时间8h。     

轻糖芦笋蜜饯的研制

利用新鲜芦笋为原料,进行轻糖芦笋蜜饯研制。通过试验,确定轻糖芦笋蜜饯的最佳生产工艺,并对成品的理化指标进行测定。试验结果表明,选用采摘24 h以内的新鲜芦笋,可不经预煮,采用二次浸糖工艺,第一次浸糖5 min,第二次浸糖10 min,65℃干燥结合太阳能烘干,此条件下产品含糖量在40%以下,品质较好。     

低糖无硫草莓果脯生产工艺技术的研究

对影响低糖无硫草莓果脯品质的烫漂、硬化、护色、渗糖、浸糖、干燥等关键工艺技术进行了研究。结果表明:最佳烫漂时间为2min,温度为90℃;护色剂采用1%的柠檬酸和0.2%的VC混合液,时间为15～20min;采用4%的δ-葡萄糖酸内酯硬化4h;糖液配制用50%的淀粉糖浆取代50%的蔗糖,同时添加0.5%的果胶,3%的磷酸钠和氯化钾混合液;用50%的糖液常压渗糖20min,常温浸糖9h;干燥在65℃下先烘干4h,翻转过来整形后再干燥4h;为最佳工艺制得的草莓果脯品质最好。     

低糖树莓果脯生产工艺的研究

以红树莓或速冻树莓为原料,对影响树莓果脯的烫漂、硬化、护色、渗糖、浸糖、干燥等关键工艺技术进行研究.试验表明:最佳烫漂时间为2min,温度为85℃;护色剂采用1%的柠檬酸,时间20min～30min:用0.1%的氯化钙和0.2%的亚硫酸氢钠的混合溶液浸泡4 h;糖液配置用50%的淀粉糖浆、0.5%的果胶、0.15%的柠檬酸:真空度在0.085 MPa,维持真空时间20 min、充气时间为60min;常温浸糖4 h;在70℃下干燥4 h.整形后再干燥4 h;为最佳生产工艺条件.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press