硅酸锆中放射性元素分析

本文主要介绍了硅酸锆中放射性元素的种类、存在形式以及用于陶瓷坯釉料中的状况。     

陶瓷乳浊剂硅酸锆的研制

本文论述了陶瓷乳浊硅酸锆超细粉的质量指标,以及影响遮盖力的几个主要因素。比较了不同方法生产硅酸锆的优缺点。     

硅酸锆放射性测试中存在的问题

简述了陶瓷行业用硅酸锆原料的放射性来源。通过试验验证了硅酸锆在放射性测试过程中的质量和体积对放射性测试结果的影响。     

硅酸锆在传统陶瓷中的应用现状及发展前景

本文简略概述了硅酸锆在传统陶瓷中的应用状况、应用机理及其作用,分析了硅酸锆在传统陶瓷中的应用前景,提出了发展过程中需解决的一些主要问题。     

硅酸锆放射性机理与改性的研究

初步分析了硅酸锆放射性的基本原理;探讨了硅酸锆的矿物形成、颗粒细度、百分含量、环境组成对放射性的影响;提出了复合乳浊法、溶胶-凝胶法、氧化剂吸收法、特种元素屏蔽法进行改性的技术途经;得出了通过控制硅酸锆细度、减少用量和改性处理,既可降低其放射性,并可被广泛应用的结论。     

超细硅酸锆湿法分级应用研究

本文比较了超细硅酸锆湿法分级的几种方法,对超细硅酸锆湿法及分级设备使用效果进行对照比较,通过分级,使产品质量达到了国内外先进水平。     

超细硅酸锆粒度及纯度及对陶瓷釉乳浊性能的影响

通过选择国内外具有代表性的硅酸锆产品,分析其粒度和纯度对陶瓷釉乳浊性能的和影响,使其对国内为满足高档建筑卫生陶瓷需要超细硅酸锆的生产起到一定的借鉴作用。     

硅酸锆与墙地砖的放射性

硅酸锆本身无辐射性,但其原料—锆英石矿常含具放射性的独居石。独居石是铈钍磷酸盐(Ce、La、Th…)PO4,其氧化钍含量一般为10%,有时达28%。独居石中裂变元素铀、钍有较强的放射性,故在含有它的矿石(如锆英石)的精选中,应做为有害杂质除去。独居石的选矿方法有重选、电选、磁选和浮选等方法,在熟练操作条件下可达到彻底分离,从而生产出无放射性的硅酸锆。     

Preparation and characterization of novel bioactive dicalcium silicate ceramics

The beta- and gamma-dicalcium silicate (β- and γ-Ca₂SiO₄) ceramics were prepared by sintering β-Ca₂SiO₄ greens at 1100, 1300, and 1450 °C, respectively, after compacting with cold isostatic pressure. The phase transition from β- to γ-phase of polymorphic ceramics occurred at 1100–1300 °C. Bending strength and Vickers hardness of β-Ca₂SiO₄ ceramic sintered at 1100 °C were only 25.6 ± 3.8 MPa and 0.41 ± 0.05 GPa. In contrast, the mechanical properties of the γ-Ca₂SiO₄ were improved remarkably when the ceramics were sintered at 1450 °C, corresponding to bending strength, 97.1 ± 6.7 MPa; Vickers hardness, 4.34 ± 0.35 GPa, respectively. The ceramics were soaked in the simulated body fluid (SBF) for various periods were characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR, and EDS analysis, and the results indicated that the carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) was formed on the surface of the ceramics within 3 days. In addition, cell attachment assay showed that the ceramics supported the mesenchymal stem cells adhesion and spreading, and the cells established close contacts with the ceramics after 1 day of culture. These findings indicate that the γ-Ca₂SiO₄ ceramic possesses good bioactivity, biocompatibility and mechanical properties, and might be a promising bone implant material.     

陶瓷原料中二氧化硅的快速分析方法

传统方法测定二氧化硅(SiO2)过程烦琐，整个过程需要5h以上。采用本方法后在30min内即可快速、准确地完成，对于指导陶瓷生产具有重要意义。     

车用陶瓷前景

（广西桂林市西山南巷３５号桂林５４１００１）１陶瓷发动机快速机动是机械车辆的使命，有没有高效的发动机直接影响作战的进程。目前日本研制的陶瓷发动机使传统的钢制发动机发生了质的转变。这种发动机具有较高的强韧性，比原有的钢制发动机效率提高了５０％，而且机体重量减少了４０％，燃料也节省了３０％左右，并且省去了冷却系统，它不但可以燃烧汽油，稍加改装还可以燃烧甲醇及煤粉。有关专家认为，未来的飞机、汽车、装甲车、坦克、舰船的发动机都将“陶瓷化”。２陶瓷催化器日本菲拉克国际公司１９９７年推出的Eco－Mach（生态—…     

可防止碱堆积的硅酸锆质耐火材料

由于原、燃材料尤其是劣质的原、燃材料中的碱、氯、硫成分造成了新型干法预热器窑系统的碱性结皮堵塞，为此，针对这一情况开发了一种比目前普遍采用的耐碱材料更优的硅酸锆质耐碱材料，介绍了这种材料的开发及其使用情况。     

Uniaxial plastic deformation in the zirconia-based nanocrystalline ceramics containing a silicate glass

Nanocrystalline yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (nc-Y-TZP) powders coated with silicate based glasses were cold isostatically pressed and sintered near to the full density (98–99%). Two glasses with different compositions were used: 93 SiO₂–1 Na₂O–6 SrO (mol%) (designated as SNS glass) and 58 SiO₂–29 Al₂O₃–13 SrO (designated as SAS glass). Uniaxial compression tests of the pure (glass-free) nc-Y-TZP samples yielded strain rates as high as 2·10⁻⁴ s⁻¹ under 60 MPa at 1300 °C. Comparable strain rates were measured in the SNS glass-containing samples, with the maximum of 3·10⁻⁴ s⁻¹ at 1300 °C under a stress of 80 MPa (5 vol.% SNS glass content). Compression tests under 100 MPa exhibited relatively high strain rates of 5·10⁻⁴ and 10⁻⁴ at 1300 °C and 1200 °C, respectively, in the 15 vol.% SAS glass samples. The strain rates measured in the SAS glass-containing samples were achieved at temperatures lower by 100 °C compared to the similar strain rates in the glass-free and SNS glass-containing samples. The microstructure of the deformed samples was similar to that of samples before deformation, within which the ultrafine and equiaxed character of the grains was preserved. Clear evidence for cooperative grain boundary sliding was observed in the SAS glass-containing samples.     

卫生陶瓷中压注浆塑料模具的研制

介绍了卫生陶瓷中压注浆塑料模具的制作方法及注浆试验情况。结果表明，用国产原料制作的模具符合中压注浆工艺要求，具有推广应用价值。     

Articles of quartz ceramics used in casting nonferrous metals

The Pervouralskii Dinas Plant JSC has begun the production of quartz ceramics for installations for semicontinnuous casting of preforms of copper and copper-bearing alloys. Industrial tests of an experimental batch of articles (bushings, stoppers, rods, etc.) conducted in the second half of 1996 have shown that the durability of the quartz articles exceeds that of graphite articles conventionally used by a factor of 1.5–2. Translated from Ogneupory i Tekhnicheskaya Keramika, No. 7, pp. 32–33, July, 1997.