三维管烟气换热器传热特性的实验及模拟研究

通过实验对三维管换热元件与传统H型鳍片管进行测试,研究其传热特性. 结果表明,三维管换热器的总换热系数是H型鳍片管换热器的2?3倍,采用错列布置换热管比顺列布置换热管的阻力大. 修正的气侧对流换热系数关联式更符合实际,计算结果比原式提高约26%,FLUENT软件能很好模拟三维管换热器的实际情况,模拟结果误差较小.     

直管与波节管换热器热应力及阻力特性对比实验研究

为了研究波节管换热器的热应力和阻力特性,对具有相同管长和传热面积的波节管换热器和直管换热器进行了对比实验,分析了不同温差下的轴向应力和不同雷诺数下的管程、壳程的阻力损失。结果发现:与直管换热器相比,波节管换热器具有很好的轴向热补偿性能,在相同的实验条件下,其轴向作用力和轴向热应力均比较小,适合应用于大传热温差场合;波节管换热器的阻力损失高于直管换热器,但在低雷诺数时阻力损失相差不大,且具有较高的传热系数。     

气力输送分支管分流处局部阻力特性分析

在上引式流态化气力输送试验台上,对3种不同角度分支管进行输送试验,分析管路分流处局部阻力损失的变化规律,并拟合分支管局部阻力特性方程;同时以试验所得参数为基础,采用fluent软件对分支管段分流情况进行数值模拟。研究结果显示,分支管局部阻力损失随管道内固气比和表观气速的增大而增大,当表观气速为8 m/s时达到了输送系统的沉积速度;误差分析表明所得拟合方程有较高准确性;模拟结果显示在管道分流处湍流现象明显并有较大的漩涡出现,且分支角度越大,湍流和漩涡现象越明显。     

螺旋扁管换热器传热与阻力性能

对不同结构的螺旋扁管管内传热及流体阻力性能进行实验研究,并与光管比较,选出传热与流阻综合性能较好的管型。同时对2台螺旋扁管换热器及1台外螺纹螺旋扁管换热器进行壳程传热与流阻实验研究。根据实验结果给出了管、壳程传热膜系数与阻力系数的经验关联式。     

结构参数对螺旋槽管传热与阻力性能影响的研究

利用计算流体动力学方法,研究了不同雷诺数下,几何尺寸对螺旋槽管传热及阻力性能的影响,结果表明,螺旋槽管在凸肋部前后产生了二次涡流,由螺旋形槽道形成的旋流都对边界层形成了扰动,传热性能得到了提高,同时也增加了阻力.在雷诺数相同时,槽越深,换热性能越好.同时流动阻力也有所增大;螺距、槽半径越大,换热效果降低,流动阻力也随之...     

直翅片管换热器传热和阻力特性的模拟试验研究

通过模拟试验的方法，对直起片管换热器的传热，阻力特性进行了模拟试验研究，得出了丰相应几何条件下管外对流换热系数及磨擦系数的准则方程，并与热管换热器综合性能试验台上直翅片热管余热管余热锅炉所测量的数据相比较，结果表明，在模拟条件下试验得到的准则方程是可靠的。     

褐煤低温改质过程中的阻力特性研究

以锡林浩特褐煤为研究对象,采用SIMPLE算法和Eulerian模型,以10mm小颗粒褐煤为例,对气固两相流动的阻力特性进行了数值模拟。分析了阻力变化对流量的影响,搭建了两相流动实验平台,并对实验和数值模拟结果进行了对比分析,对研究发生炉内的流动特性具有一定的理论指导意义。     

换热器进口管箱流场的数值分析与应用

采用计算流体力学方法，对管壳式换热器进口管箱内流场进行数值分析，模拟结果清晰地显示出管箱内流体流动状况，可用于分析管子与管板连接接头发生冲蚀和泄漏，以及不同区域的管子换热强度不同的原因。应用数值分析方法提出了锥形导流筒结构，明显地改善了管箱内流体流动和压力分布的均匀性，有利于提高换热器的总传热性能。     

螺旋槽管阻力与换热特性研究

<正> 引言 螺旋槽管是一种优良的换热元件.许多学者对其换热强化机理比较一致的看法是:一方面由于螺旋槽的引导作用使得近壁处流体发生旋转,加强了径向扰动;另一方面,发生了绕流脱体,形成了回流区,在再附点处换热最强.同时由于流体的旋转和脱体使得摩擦阻力较大地增大.流体在管内流动过程很复杂,对螺旋槽管的研究基本上是以实验为主的数据拟合,有的学者虽对其进行了数学分析并建立了相应的关联式,但不能表征出流体在管内旋转和脱体的实际流动情况,因此不能对二者的相互耦合进行定性或定量的分析.本文以流体在螺旋槽管内的流态为基础,以期建立能够反映其流动特性的阻力和换热计算公式.     

螺旋椭圆管换热器传热特性与阻力特性研究

旨在研究螺旋椭圆管式换热器管内流动换热性能。借助CFD数值模拟方法分析了流体入口角度θ和椭圆截面长短轴之比a/b对螺旋椭圆管式换热器管内流动和换热的影响,并且利用综合传热增强因子PEC评价了换热器的综合换热性能。结果表明:螺旋椭圆管内存在二次流,导致螺旋椭圆管截面内温度梯度和速度梯度径向分布不均;在研究范围内,θ增大,努塞尔数Nu增加,摩擦系数f提高,综合换热性能增加;θ>45°时,螺旋椭圆管综合换热性能优于螺旋圆管。θ一定时,a/b越大,综合换热性能越好。通过对多种不同结构的螺旋椭圆管进行多工况数值模拟后,修正了现有的准则关联式,提高了准则关联式的准确度。     

开口扭曲片圆管强化传热与流动阻力特性模拟

In the industrial application of ethylene pyrolysis tubular heating furnace, the fluid transferred from horizontal to rotary flow by adding twisted slices internals, which increased the tangential velocity and strengthened the flushing effect on the tube wall, so as to achieve the purpose of enhancing heat transfer. Based on the second generation of twisted slices, the structure was improved, and RNG k?ε turbulence model was used to simulate the flow details inside the furnace tube. The longitudinal vorticity structure, resistance coefficient, Nusselt number Nu, comprehensive heat transfer coefficient PEC and the coupling coordination between velocity vector field and temperature gradient field in different twisted slice structures were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the structure with "slit" openings along the wall can reduce the loss of flow resistance while increased the strength of fluid swirl. The resistance coefficient of twisted slices with opening structure of 7 mm length, 2 mm width and 2 mm interval was 93.75% of the first generation and 8.67% more than the second generation, but the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient was 1.56% higher than that of the second generation and 1.29 times of the smooth tube. It can be considered that the optimized structure improved the stability of longitudinal vortex structure as well as strengthened the coupling between flow and heat transfer. Besides, along the central opening of the slices, the resistance coefficient at the twisted slices increased, resulting in larger local losses.     

Laminar falling film flow and heat transfer characteristics on horizontal tubes

Knowledge of falling film flow and heat transfer characteristics on horizontal tubes is required in the assessment of certain CANDU reactor accident sequences for those CANDU reactors which use moderator dump as one of the shut-down mechanisms. In these reactors, subsequent cooling of the calandria tubes is provided by falling films produced by sprays. This paper describes an analysis of falling film flow and heat transfer characteristics on horizontal tubes using integral methods. The application of the results to an assessment of the stability of the films on the calandria tubes following a loss-of-coolant accident with impaired emergency coolant injection flow is discussed.     

不锈钢三维强化管内的换热和压降特性

采用实验方法对比制冷剂R410A在3根强化管和1根光滑管内的换热和压降特性。所有的三维双侧强化管均通过高压分层轧制制成,其立体化内表面结构分别是旋涡状凸起和船型凹坑与花瓣纹背景图案的叠加。通过热平衡分析,实验热损失小于5%。保持制冷剂侧流量不变的情况下,改变水侧的质量流率,可以通过Wilson图解法计算每个管型的水侧传热系数。经热阻模型计算,1EHT-1的管内单相换热性能最佳,3EHT次之,1EHT-2最弱。3根强化管的蒸发和冷凝换热实验结果差距较大,不锈钢的低热导率对凸起/凹坑区域的温度分布影响是主要原因。     

基于PIV技术的管道流流动特性研究

根据不同介质的两相流介绍了PIV技术对管道流场流动规律的研究,总结了其在气固、气液、固液两相流中对流体流动规律的研究及相应的优势,表明PIV技术运用于管道流研究不仅能够提高测量的准确性还能够对流场流动特征进行较为精确的表征。分析了示踪粒子、流场形成因素以及流场中涡旋现象等因素对研究的影响,探讨了PIV技术对管道流研究所存在的不足,并指出应将PIV技术与数值模拟理论相结合,建立真实且能反映实际的流动模型才能够获得更好的研究结果。     

Numerical investigation on flow and heat transfer characteristics of corrugated tubes with non-uniform corrugation in turbulent flow

Based on finite volume method, the pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics of one smooth tube and ten different axisymmetric corrugated tubes, including two with uniform corrugation and eight with non-uniform corrugation, have been studied. A physical model of the corrugated tube was built, then the numerical simulation of the model was carried out and the numerical simulation results were compared with the empirical formula.The results show that: the friction factor decreases with the increase of Reynolds number ranging from 6000 to 57000, the value of which in the corrugated tubes with non-uniform corrugation(tube 03–10) are smaller than those with uniform corrugation(tube 01–02). The geometry parameters of tube(01) have advantages on the heat transfer enhancement in low Reynolds number flow region(from 6000 to 13000) and tube(07–08)have advantages on the heat transfer enhancement in high Reynolds number flow region(from 13000 to 57000). The vortex, existed in each area between two adjacent corrugations called second flow region, is the root of the enhancement on heat transfer in the corrugated tubes. The effectiveness factor decreases with the increasing of Reynolds number and the performances of the corrugated tubes with pitch of 12.5 mm have advantages than these of 10 mm under the same corrugation geometric parameter.     

旋流板分离器的结构对三维流场的影响

引言 旋流式分离器种类很多[1-4],其中浙江大学发明的旋流板在传质和双相分离过程中均得到广泛应用[5-9].旋流板分离器是利用导向叶片使气体做旋转运动,从而产生离心力,达到气液或气固分离的目的.     

Visualisation research on characteristics of the cryogenic slug flow in vertical and inclined tubes

The statistical parameters of Taylor bubbles in cryogenic slug flow along glass tube were studied experimentally for various inclination angles θ (0°–60° from the vertical direction) and four tube inner diameters D (14, 18, 25 and 32 mm) by using high speed digital camera. The distributions and mean values of initial formation position, and the length and velocity of Taylor bubbles along the tube at various inclination angles were obtained. Initial position of Taylor bubbles increases as tube inner diameter increases and the effect of tube diameter on Taylor bubble initial position becomes more obvious at θ ≥ 30°. Taylor bubble length shows an allometric decreasing trend with the increasing of tube inner diameter. The influence of inclination angle and axial position on the length and velocity of Taylor bubble in cryogenic slug flow agrees qualitatively with conventional air–water system. The maximum mean velocity of Taylor bubble occurs at 30° ≤ θ ≤ 45° and the minimum mean length of Taylor bubble occurs at 0° ≤ θ ≤ 20°. The Mean length of Taylor bubble increases along the tube for x/D ≤ 60. © 2011 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering     

非对称型外凸式波节管内的传热和流动特性

针对一种新型的非对称外凸式波节管(ACT)换热元件,基于三维RST模型对其进行了数值模拟研究。通过与传统的对称型外凸式波节管(SCT)分析比较,考察了两者流动及传热特性的区别。为了验证雷诺应力模型(RST)在研究波节管结构时的可靠性,比较了现有波纹壁面中直接数值模拟(DNS)与RST模型在同一条件下的计算结果。通过对比发现,RST模型得出的包括速度场、压力系数等计算结果与DNS所得出的结果基本吻合。随后对外凸型的流动及传热机理进行了深入探讨。结果表明,与传统的SCT相比,ACT提高综合传热性能最多能够提高32.3%。