聚氨酯/淀粉复合微球的制备及药物释放性能研究

采用预聚-扩链-中和-分散法合成聚氨酯(PU)水溶液,将PU与淀粉(ST)溶液按照不同质量比进行复合,采用凝聚相分离法制备PU/ST复合微球;用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对微球进行表征,并以盐酸四环素为模型药物制备载药复合微球,初步研究了载药PU/ST复合微球的药物释放性能.结果表明,微球...     

PLGA包裹的紫杉醇缓释微球的理化性质及抑瘤活性研究

用化学材料聚乳酸和乙醇酸的共聚物(poly(lactic—co-glycolicacid),PLGA)制备了紫杉醇缓释微球。用扫描电镜观察了微球的形态和大小,用HPLC法测定了紫杉醇在介质中的释放情况,用MIT法测定了IC50,通过荷瘤裸鼠实验评价了体内抑瘤活性。结果表明,PLGA-紫杉醇微球呈光滑球形,平均粒径7～37μm,微球包封率在90％以上。PLGA-紫杉醇微球具有缓释作用,其抑瘤活性与紫杉醇从微球内的释放密切相关,微球可以维持较长时间的有效药物浓度,达到了更好的抑瘤效果。     

PLGA改性聚氨酯微球的制备及性能研究

以聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物(PLGA)、聚乙二醇(PEG)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)和2,2-二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为原料,采用预聚—扩链—中和—分散法制备PLGA改性聚氨酯水溶液,然后采用钙离子(Ca~(2+))的交联作用凝聚成PLGA改性聚氨酯微球。优化了合成条件,并对PLGA改性聚氨酯微球进行了傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征,研究了PLGA含量和pH对微球降解性能的影响,以盐酸四环素(TH)为模型药物研究微球体外释药情况。结果表明,在降解反应初期微球的降解速率较大,而后趋于平稳,微球在碱性环境降解性能优于酸性环境,载药微球的载药量为0.83%,包封率为59.17%,载药PLGA改性聚氨酯微球的累积释药率可达74%。     

镁合金支架双重可控释放涂层的制备及药物释放性能研究

在镁合金支架材料WE42表面制备了双重可控腐蚀和药物缓释涂层,并对其药物释放性能进行了研究.DSC研究表明紫杉醇均匀分散在PLGA体系中.药物释放实验表明,PLGA可使紫杉醇长期持续释放,突释较弱,释放是由扩散-降解控制.随载药膜中PEG分子量和含量的增加,药物释放率增加.外层明胶涂层能有效降低药物释放率,延长药物释放时间.     

磁性壳聚糖-聚丙烯酸载药微球的释放性能研究

对合成的壳聚糖-聚丙烯酸及磁性壳聚糖-聚丙烯酸微球用扫描电镜进行形貌观察,并测定了磁性壳聚糖-聚丙烯酸微球的热稳定性。以牛血清白蛋白(BSA)为模拟蛋白药物,研究了载有BSA的磁性壳聚糖-聚丙烯酸微球的释放性能。结果表明,壳聚糖-聚丙烯酸共聚物外形呈片层状;而磁性壳聚糖-聚丙烯酸微球为致密微球,粒径约在100～400 nm之间,具有较好的分散性,磁性壳聚糖-聚丙烯酸微球在温度区间(0～135℃)内具有良好的热稳定性。载有BSA的磁性微球在模拟肠液中刚开始时有一个突释过程,之后缓慢释放,在6h左右达到了平衡,最终释放率可达到80．5%;而在模拟胃液中几乎没有释放,平衡释放率只有5．8%。     

磁性壳聚糖-聚丙烯酸载药微球的释放性能研究

对合成的壳聚糖-聚丙烯酸及磁性壳聚糖-聚丙烯酸微球用扫描电镜进行形貌观察,并测定了磁性壳聚糖-聚丙烯酸微球的热稳定性.以牛血清白蛋白(BSA)为模拟蛋白药物,研究了载有BSA的磁性壳聚糖-聚丙烯酸微球的释放性能.结果表明,壳聚糖-聚丙烯酸共聚物外形呈片层状;而磁性壳聚糖-聚丙烯酸微球为致密微球,粒径约在100～400nm之间,具有较好的分散性,磁性壳聚糖-聚丙烯酸微球在温度区间(0～135℃)内具有良好的热稳定性.载有BSA的磁性微球在模拟肠液中刚开始时有一个突释过程,之后缓慢释放,在6h左右达到了平衡,最终释放率可达到80.5%;而在模拟胃液中几乎没有释放,平衡释放率只有5.8%.     

SiO_2载药微球的研究及应用

SiO2载药微球由于具有良好的热稳定性、生物相容性和无毒无刺激等优点,近年来在医药、化妆品及化工分析等领域受到了普遍关注。对于一定化学组成的载药微球,其微结构对载药稳定性、药物释放行为等都有重要影响,不同微结构的载药微球制备方法也有所不同,根据微球结构和药物在微球中分布的不同,SiO2载药微球可分为基质型、核壳型、多核型和复合型。主要按照载药微球结构的不同,综述了各类微球的制备、药物释放特点及其在生物医学领域的应用。目前,通过调控SiO2载药微球的结构和组成以实现功能的多样性以及药物释放的精确调控是其发展的一个重要方向。     

磁性明胶载药微球的制备及体外释药研究

以诺氟沙星为水溶性模型药物,采用反相悬液冷冻凝聚法制得包裹Fe3O4微粒和药物的磁性明胶微球,考察了磁性载药微球的制备条件对微球的成球率、药物包裹率、体外释药及微球降解情况的影响.结果表明,明胶的浓度、戊二醛的用量、固化时间等均对微球的结构和性能产生影响,经优化条件得到了成球率、药物包裹率、体外释放都较好的载药微球.     

基材的结构对月桂醇微球释放性能的影响

本文讨论了PS/PCL共混聚合物基材的性质及其对月桂醇微球释放性能的影响。发现在PS~(?)、PCL5∶5时,活性剂的累积释放量与基材PS/PCL配比成线性关系;当其配比等于5∶5时,出现突跃性的变化。并用扫描电镜(SEM)对微球的表观形态进行比较与分析。     

Control of drug loading efficiency and drug release behavior in preparation of hydrophilic-drug-containing monodisperse PLGA microspheres

We prepared monodisperse poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres containing blue dextran (BLD)—a hydrophilic drug—by membrane emulsification technique. The effects of electrolyte addition to the w₂ phase and significance of the droplet size ratio between primary (w₁/o) and secondary (w₁/o/w₂) emulsions during the preparation of these microspheres was examined. The droplet size ratio was evaluated from the effect of stirring rate of the homogenizer when preparing the primary emulsion. The drug loading efficiency of BLD in these microspheres increased with stirring rate. It increased to approximately 90% when 2.0% NaCl was added to the w₂ phase. Drug release from these microspheres was slower than that when they were prepared without electrolyte addition. Despite the very high efficiency drug release was gradual because BLD was distributed at the microspheres core. Relatively monodisperse hydrophilic-drug-containing PLGA microspheres with controlled drug loading efficiency and drug release behavior were prepared.     

Prolonged release from PLGA/HAp scaffolds containing drug-loaded PLGA/gelatin composite microspheres

Porous scaffolds that can prolong the release of bioactive factors are urgently required in bone tissue engineering. In this study, PLGA/gelatin composite microspheres (PGMs) were carefully designed and prepared by entrapping poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres (PMs) in gelatin matrix. By mixing PGMs with PLGA solution directly, drug-loaded PLGA/carbonated hydroxyapatite (HAp)/PGMs composite scaffolds were successfully fabricated. In vitro release of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FD70S) as a model drug from the scaffolds as well as PMs and PGMs was studied by immersing samples in phosphate buffered saline (pH = 7.4) at 37°C for 32 days. Compared with PMs, PGMs and PLGA/HAp/PGMs scaffolds exhibited slow and steady release behavior with constant release rate and insignificantly original burst release. The swelling of PGMs, diffusion of drugs, and degradation of polymer dominated the release behaviors synergistically. The PLGA/HAp/PGMs scaffold offers a novel option for sequential or simultaneous release of several drugs in terms of bone regeneration.     

淀粉多孔微球研究进展

作为一种天然的、环境友好的功能材料,淀粉多孔微球在生物医药方面的运用变得越来越广泛。本文在阅读一定量文献的基础上,对近年来淀粉多孔微球的研究进行综述,首先讨论了淀粉多孔微球的制备方法,其次论述了淀粉多孔微球的功能性运用,最后对淀粉多孔微球的未来研究进行了展望。     

Controlled release of imatinib mesylate from PLGA microspheres inhibit craniopharyngioma mediated angiogenesis

Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres loaded with imatinib mesylate has been developed as a new therapeutic strategy to prevent craniopharyngioma recurrence. Microspheres composed of different lactic/glycolic acid ratios, molecular weights and drug compositions were synthesized and loaded with imatinib mesylate by modified double-emulsion/solvent evaporation technique and subsequently characterized by particle-size distribution, scanning electron microscopy, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro drug release. Inhibitory potential of imatinib containing microspheres on tumor neovascularization was investigated on craniopharyngioma tumor samples by rat cornea angiogenesis assay. Results showed that microspheres in different LA:GA ratios [LA:GA 50:50 (G50), 75:25 (G25), 85:15 (G15)] considerably reduced neovascularization induced by recurrent tumor samples in an in vivo angiogenesis assay (P < 0.01). Our data indicate that local delivery of imatinib mesylate to the post-surgical tumoral cavity using biodegradable microspheres may be a promising biologically selective approach to prevent the recurrence of craniopharyngiomas, via inhibition of neovascularization.     

载药壳聚糖缓释微球的制备及其释放研究

实验采用乳化交联法,使用复合交联剂(先用甲醛交联,再用戊二醛交联),制得盐酸四环素壳聚糖缓释微球,并考察不同分子量的壳聚糖、原料质量比、交联剂用量、复合交联剂用量、搅拌速度对微球的影响,筛选出最佳条件制备出戢药微球,并研究了该微球在扫描电镜和倒置式研究型显微镜下的形态及其在pH=7.4,温度为37℃时的释放规律.结果表明,采用复合交联剂的乳化交联法所制得的微球球形好,粒径分布为5～50μm之间,载药量为26.9%,包封率为56.3%,并且具有良好的缓释效果.     

Size effect of PLGA spheres on drug loading efficiency and release profiles

Drug delivery systems (DDS) based on poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres and nanospheres have been separately studied in previous works as a means of delivering bioactive compounds over an extended period of time. In the present study, two DDS having different sizes of the PLGA spheres were compared in morphology, drug (dexamethasone) loading efficiency and drug release kinetics in order to investigate their feasibility with regard to production of medical combination devices for orthopedic applications. The loaded PLGA spheres have been produced by the oil-in-water emulsion/solvent evaporation method following two different schemes. Their morphology was assessed by scanning electron microscopy and the drug release was monitored in phosphate buffer saline solution at 37°C for 550 h using high performance liquid chromatography. The synthesis schemes used produced spheres with two different and reproducible size ranges (20 ± 10 and 1.0 ± 0.4 μm) having a smooth outer surface and regular shape. The drug loading efficiency of the 1.0 μm spheres was found to be 11% as compared to just 1% for the 20 μm spheres. Over the 550 h release period, the larger spheres (diameter 20 ± 10 μm) released 90% of the encapsulated dexamethasone in an approximately linear fashion whilst the relatively small spheres (diameter 1.0 ± 0.4 μm) released only 30% of the initially loaded dexamethasone, from which 20% within the first 25 h. The changes observed were mainly attributed to the difference in surface area between the two types of spheres as the surface texture of both systems was visibly similar. As the surface area per unit volume increases in the synthesis mixture, as is the case for the 1.0 μm spheres formulation, the amount of polymer-water interfaces increases allowing more dexamethasone to be encapsulated by the emerging polymer spheres. Similarly, during the release phase, as the surface area per unit volume increases, the rate of inclusion of water into the polymer increases, permitting faster diffusion of dexamethasone.     

聚乳酸材料的国内外最新研究进展

对近期聚乳酸材料的改性研究做一总结,包括化学共聚、高聚物共混和无机复合改性等方法。聚乳酸各种性能以及在各领域中的应用也在改性方法中穿插阐述。同时归纳了近期聚乳酸改性研究的热点和发展趋势。     

Strontium-substituted,luminescent and mesoporous hydroxyapatite microspheres for sustained drug release

The multifunctional strontium (Sr)-substituted hydroxyapatite microsphere was prepared via hydrothermal method, in which the luminescent and controlled drug release functions can be realized. The structure and morphology of the as-prepared microspheres were studied by using XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM, HR-TEM, BET method. The optical properties was investigated by using photoluminescence (PL) and XPS measurement. Then, the as-prepared multifunctional microspheres were performed as a drug delivery carrier using vancomycin as a model drug. The experimental results show that the composition, morphology, luminescent properties and drug storage/release behaviour were obviously influenced by the amount of Sr. The microspheres with Sr²⁺/(Ca²⁺ + Sr²⁺) = 0.3 of Sr substitution showed the maximum specific surface area, best pore structure and strongest PL intensity. All the samples presented remarkable sustained drug release kinetics. In addition, the PL intensity of SrHA in the drug delivery system increased with the cumulative release time (amount) of vancomycin, which would make the drug release might be possibly tracked by the change of the luminescent intensity. Our study indicated a potential prospect that the fabricated multifunctional SrHA mesoporous microspheres might be applied in the field of bone regeneration and drug delivery.     

介孔材料孔径调节的最新研究进展

可调孔径的介孔材料在多个领域具有广泛的应用,许多因素引起材料孔径发生变化。综述了实验材料及反应条件对介孔材料孔径的调节,阐述了添加疏水性扩孔剂和改变温度调节孔径的相关机理。     

Corrosion and drug release properties of EN-plating/PLGA composite coating on MAO film

The electroless nickel plating/poly(dl-lactide-co-glycolide) composite coating (EN-plating/PLGA composite coating) was fabricated on the surface of the micro-arc oxidation (MAO) film of the magnesium alloy AZ81 to double control the corrosion and drug release in the hanks' solution. The EN-plating was fabricated on the MAO coating to improve the corrosion resistance by overlaying most pores and micro-cracks on the surface of the MAO film. Meanwhile, a double layered organic poly(dl-lactide-co-glycolide)/paclitaxel (PLGA/PTX) drug releasing coating with a top layered PLGA drug controlled releasing coating on EN plating was prepared to control the drug release rate by adjusting the different lactide: glycolide (LA:GA) ratio of PLGA. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) were used to analyze the morphology and the composition of the EN-plating. The corrosion behavior of the magnesium alloy substrate and the status of the drug in the PLGA matrix were respectively evaluated by Potentiodynamic polarization and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The drug release was determined by ultraviolet–visible (UV–visible) spectrophotometer. EN-plating coating which was composed of compact cauliflower nodules was uniform in size and defect free with no pores or cracks. EN-plating could seal the microcracks and microholes on the outer layer of the MAO coating effectively. The corrosion resistance was improved by preventing the corrosive ions from diffusing to the magnesium alloy substrate. The drug release rate of PTX exhibited a nearly linear sustained-release profile with no significant burst releases.