清水饰面防护涂层对混凝土力学性能和耐久性能的影响

依据普通混凝土力学性能和耐久性能试验方法国家标准,研究了清水饰面防护涂层对混凝土力学性能和耐久性能的影响,并讨论了清水饰面混凝土防护涂层的作用机理。结果表明:清水饰面混凝土防护涂层可有效地提高混凝土材料的力学性能和耐久性能,底层水泥漆主要通过聚合物改性增强底层涂层的力学性能和耐久性能,面层保护漆主要通过疏水效应和阻塞毛细孔效应提高涂层抵抗有害介质侵入的能力。     

丁苯乳液对钢纤维混凝土韧性和微观结构的影响

本文对比研究了丁苯乳液改性混凝土、钢纤维改性混凝土以及丁苯乳液增强钢纤维混凝土的力学性能和韧性.试验结果表明:丁苯乳液能改善新拌混凝土的工作性能;混凝土的抗压强度随着丁苯乳液掺量的增加而显著降低,但其抗折强度随着丁苯乳液的增加而提高;丁苯乳液与钢纤维复掺,混凝土具有更高的抗折强度、以及弯曲韧性.丁苯乳液在混凝土中交织成膜,提高了界面过渡区的显微硬度;增加了浆体的致密性,增强了钢纤维与混凝土之间的界面粘结强度.     

聚合物乳液改性砂浆的长期粘结性能

为了保证聚合物乳液砂浆实际工程应用中长期粘结的可靠性和安全性,本文通过试验研究了丙烯酸、纯丙和氯丁聚合物乳液水泥基砂浆对老混凝土基材的粘结性能,包括:“8”字型新老砂浆粘结强度和户外自然养护5年龄期的新老混凝土钻芯拉拔粘结强度实验.试验结果表明丙烯酸砂浆有着优良的长期粘结性能,而纯丙和氯丁砂浆却较差.三种聚合物乳液改性...     

不同材料改性混凝土的性能研究及现状分析

传统水泥混凝土由于存在抗拉强度低、脆性大、凝结硬化较缓慢、干缩量大等缺点,不能够满足当前实际工程对其力学性能的要求.当前,国内外研究者通过矿物添加剂、聚合物、纤维等材料,对普通混凝土进行改性研究,提高其综合性能,并取得了显著效果.论文从以上三个方面系统总结了国内外对混凝土改性研究的成果,全面分析改性混凝土的改性机理及其对混凝土性能的影响,认为改性材料的选择与材料的经济性、试验工艺、改性效果等有关,聚合物乳液和纤维材料是目前研究最为广泛的材料;对混凝土改性应当重视提高改性材料与骨料之间的粘结力及其在混凝土中的均匀分散度;现有聚合物改性机理模型虽然在不断完善,但还不能完全解释可溶性聚合物对混凝土的改性机理;目前具有巨大前景的石墨烯、石墨烯纤维以及纳米碳纤维材料对混凝土的改性性能有待进行进一步研究.     

水分散聚合物乳液改性水泥砂浆的研究进展

随着我国建筑行业的快速发展和工程品质意识的提高,聚合物改性水泥砂浆因其优异的应用性能而受到广泛关注,水分散聚合物乳液是一种被广泛应用在水泥砂浆中的聚合物外加剂。本文介绍了聚合物乳液改性水泥砂浆的发展史,从力学性能和耐久性方面介绍了聚合物乳液改性水泥砂浆的性能,探究了聚合物乳液对水泥砂浆的改性机理,并对其未来的研究方向进行了讨论。     

端羟基含氟丙烯酸酯接枝改性水性聚氨酯的性能研究

利用不同相对分子质量的端羟基含氟丙烯酸酯(FA)大分子改性水性聚氨酯得到一系列含氟丙烯酸酯改性水性聚氨酯(PUA)乳液.通过傅里叶红外光谱(IR)和透射电镜(TEM)分别表征了聚合物结构和聚合物乳液胶粒形态,通过吸水率、接触角,差示扫描量热(DSC),热重(TG)和拉伸强度测试研究了乳胶膜的性能.结果显示,PUA在耐水性、耐热性和力学性能等方面都有明显的提高.     

聚合物胶粉改性混凝土的力学性能

试验研究了不同聚合物胶粉掺量对改性混凝土的抗压强度、抗折强度、劈裂抗拉强度以及折压比和拉压比的影响,探讨了聚合物胶粉改性混凝土的力学性能.结果表明:聚合物胶粉的加入降低了混凝土的抗压、抗折强度,尤其是抗压强度的降低更加明显;当胶粉掺量在4.0％ ～8.0％范围内增加时,混凝土的劈裂抗拉强度大幅度提高,且掺量为8.0％时的劈裂抗拉强度最大.同时,聚合物胶粉的加入能显著提高混凝土的折压比和拉压比,改善混凝土的韧性和抗裂性,且其掺量为8.0％时,综合增韧效果最佳.     

聚硅氧烷改性苯丙乳液──—Ⅱ共聚改性

通过聚硅氧烷乳液与苯乙烯丙烯酸酯类单体接枝共聚，制得了具有互穿聚合物网络结构的聚硅氧苯丙复合乳液。本文研究了这种共聚、改性的苯丙橡胶膜的形态结构、力学性能及耐紫外性能。结果表明：共聚改性能有效的控制相分离和聚硅氧烷分子链向膜的表面迁移；橡胶膜的力学强度与乳液共混改性的橡胶膜相比大有提高；聚硅氧烷的改性明显提高了苯丙橡胶膜的耐紫外线性能。     

聚硅氧烷改性苯丙乳液—II共聚改性

通过聚硅氧烷乳液与苯乙烯丙烯酸酯类单体接枝共聚，制得了具有互穿聚合物网络结构的聚硅氧苯丙复合乳液。本文研究了这种共聚、改性的苯丙橡胶膜的形态结构、力学性能及耐紫外性能。结果表明：共聚改性能有效的控制相分离和聚硅氧烷分子链向膜的表面迁移；橡胶膜的力学强度与乳液共混改性的橡胶膜相比大有提高；聚硅氧烷的改性明显了苯丙橡胶膜的耐紫外线性能。     

丙烯酸乳液改性水泥加固砂浆的性能研究

基于参编的《聚合物水泥加固砂浆》指标要求,采用丙烯酸乳液对加固砂浆进行了改性,并且研究了丙烯酸乳液的加入对加固砂浆凝结时间、力学性能、黏接性能及干缩性能的影响.结果表明:随着乳液掺量的增加,加固砂浆的初凝和终凝时间延长,抗折和抗压强度下降,黏接强度变大,干缩率降低.当乳液掺量为16.2％时,其综合性能较好,初凝和终凝时间分别缩短为120 min和160 min;28 d龄期下的抗压强度达到55.3 MPa,抗折强度达到14.2 MPa,黏接强度达到3.01 MPa,干缩率达到0.08％,均满足正在参编的《聚合物水泥加固砂浆》标准指标.进一步对比观察不同乳液掺量下加固砂浆的扫描电镜图像,从微观的角度印证了上述结论.     

Synthesis of dysprosium/Mn–Cu ferrite binary nanocomposite: Analysis of structural,morphological, dielectric,and optomagnetic properties

Manganese–copper ferrite (MCFO) and dysprosium (Dy)-doped manganese–copper ferrite nanocomposites (Mn_0.5Cu_0.5Dy_xFe_2−xO₄) (x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15) were synthesized by sonochemical method. Crystal structure and the structural parameters of the MCFO were analyzed based on the doping concentration of Dy ion. It was observed that the average crystalline size of the synthesized nanocomposite decreases when the concentration of Dy increases. The existing spherical surface morphology of the MCFO and Dy-doped MCFO nanocomposites were obtained through scanning electron microscopy. In the UV spectrum, the pristine MCFO sample showed an absorbance peak at 743 nm whereas the absorbance values of Dy-doped ferrite nanocomposite considerably shifted (blue) toward a lower wavelength (231–222 nm). The dielectric parameters of all ferrite nanocomposites were studied in the frequency range of 100 Hz to 5 MHz. The dielectric spectrum revealed that dielectric constant and loss tangent decreased with increased doping concentration of Dy ion. The saturation magnetization also changed with Dy doping in MCFO. The impact of Dy on manganese–copper ferrite changed the optical, dielectric and magnetic properties of the prepared binary ferrite nanocomposite, which can be used for microwave-absorbing material applications.     

Mechanical Properties of Compression Molded Banana Pseudo-stem Filled Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride (UPVC) Composites

Mechanical strengths of a banana pseudo-stem (BPS) fiber and unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (UPVC) composite were evaluated to assess the possibility of using it as a new material in engineering applications. Samples were fabricated by the compression molding process with reference to the effect of filler loading. The samples were submitted to mechanical tests to measure tensile, flexural, and impact properties of the composites. The nature of adhesion between the matrix and the reinforcement and information relating the structure of mechanical properties can be obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) assessment of the composite fracture surface. The mechanical properties show that the composites did not have good adhesion between filler and matrix; on the other hand, the filler insertion improved the flexural modulus and the material rigidity.     

核壳型纳米粒子合成方法及其性能的研究进展

核壳纳米粒子作为复合纳米粒子一个重要的分支,由于其光、磁和催化等方面的优异性能,近年来引起了人们广泛的关注.本文主要介绍了核壳纳米粒子的制备方法及诸多性能,并对核壳纳米粒子的发展进行了展望.     

单向玻璃纤维-铝合金层板的几种力学性能研究

本文用实验方法研究了单向玻璃纤维-铝合金层板的拉伸性能、疲劳性能和冲击性能。利用金属体积分数理论验证了这类层板的拉伸性能。通过对其疲劳性能的实验研究，发现裂纹扩展速率的大小及刚度的下降与加载的最大循环应力密切相关的规律。实验发现该层板具有比铝合金好得多的冲击性能。     

TMPTMA在硅橡胶中的应用研究

研究了助交联剂三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯(TMPTMA)对硅橡胶硫化性能、力学性能、低温性能和粘接性能的影响。结果表明,加入少量TMPTMA能改善硅橡胶的硫化特性和工艺性,提高硫化胶的硬度,降低硅橡胶的结晶温度,并有效提高硅橡胶与金属的粘接强度;但TMPTMA用量超过一定数值后,由于TMPTMA部分自聚合,在硅橡胶内形成一定的交联网络,造成两相界面粘接力变差,致使硅橡胶的拉伸强度降低。当TMPTMA用量为1份时,硅橡胶具有最佳的综合性能。     

聚氨酯种类对机械性能以及阻尼性能影响研究

分别以聚四氢呋喃醚二醇(PTMEG)、聚氧化丙烯二醇(PPG-1000)为软段,以二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI-50、MDI-100LL),以及扩链剂1,4-丁二醇(BDO)、三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)为硬段,采用预聚体法制备了聚氨酯弹性体。并系统研究了聚氨酯体系中各组分的种类对材料机械性能和阻尼性能的影响。     

A new precursor to lightweight porous Si–Al–O–B ceramics with enhanced microwave transmissivity

Nowadays, complicated preparation processes and harsh sintering conditions wave transparent ceramics limit its further development. To solve this problem, we explore a promising precursor by adopting a polymerization-pyrolysis method to prepare porous Si–Al–O–B ceramics at a mild sintering condition (1000 °C). The porous Si–Al–O–B ceramics exhibits enhanced wave transparency at 10–16 GHz with a low dielectric constant (<3), a low loss angle tangent value (<0.01), and simultaneously, a relative high flexible strength of 82 MPa. According to the results of the XRD and FTIR analysis, porous Al₄B₂O₉ crystallization dispersed in the amorphous SiO₂ matrix constructs the main phases of the products. The changes of Al and B elements are confirmed to have an effect on the phase compositions and micro structure of the composite ceramics, which obviously affect the mechanical and dielectric properties of the derived ceramics. The as-prepared porous Si–Al–O–B ceramics could be a potential candidate for next generation electronic window materials due to its low dielectric constant and loss angle tangent value, as well as high flexible strength.     

Effects of support and additive on oxidation state and activity of Pt catalyst in propane combustion

The effects of support and additive on the oxidation state and catalytic activity of Pt catalyst in the low temperature propane combustion were systematically investigated on Pt/MgO, Pt/Al₂O₃ and Pt/SiO₂–Al₂O₃. The catalytic activity varied much with both support materials and additives. The catalyst on the more acidic support showed higher activity, and the catalytic activity on every support materials increased as the electronegativity of additives increased, while some additives decreased the activity. The oxidation state of platinum, estimated by white line intensity of Pt L_III-edge XANES spectrum, also varied with the support and additives, and additives with higher electronegativity greatly prevented the platinum from its oxidation under oxidising atmosphere. Among almost all the catalysts with various supports and various additives, a clear relationship was observed between the oxidation state of platinum and the catalytic activity; the more metallic platinum showed higher activity. Thus, it was concluded that the total electrophilic/electrophobic property derived from those of the support and additive controls the oxidation state of platinum, which intensively affects the catalytic activity; i.e. higher electrophilic property provides less oxidised platinum, resulting in high catalytic activity. The mechanism of this effect was also discussed on the basis of thermochemical data, and it was proposed that the electrophobic materials promote the noble metal oxidation since the noble metal oxo-anion such as PtO^δ− is more stabilised with electrophobic cation.     

聚丙烯基抗菌塑料的制备与性能研究

利用熔融挤出共混技术制备了聚丙烯(PP)基抗菌塑料。研究了抗菌母料Antim-PP对PP的抗菌性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明,当抗菌母料与PP的质量比为4:100时,抗菌PP塑料对大肠杆菌的抗菌率大于99%,抗菌母料的加入使共混物的冲击性能有明显改善,其他力学性能基本不受影响。