热处理工艺对溶胶-凝胶法制备ZnO:Al薄膜光电性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法以提拉的方式在普通玻璃基底上制备出ZnO:Al(AZO)薄膜。通过X射线衍射仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜、方块电阻测试仪、Hall效应测试仪、紫外-可见-红外分光光度计研究了薄膜物相、微观结构、光电性能;分析了不同热处理方式对于薄膜光电性能的影响。结果表明:经10次提拉所制备薄膜可见光透过率85%左右。热处理工艺的选择对于提升AZO薄膜的电学性能至关重要,相比于空气气氛和真空下的热处理,采用具有还原性的5%H_2和95%N_2的混合气氛热处理得到了具有最好电学性能的AZO薄膜。在550℃还原气氛下保温60 min得到薄膜方块电阻约为300Ω/□,电阻率约为3.3×10~(-3)Ω·cm。     

溅射时间对GZO薄膜光电性能的影响

采用射频磁控溅射法在普通玻璃衬底上制备了Ga2O3含量为3wt.％的掺镓氧化锌透明导电薄膜(GZO).通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、四探针测试仪、台阶仪、UV-Vis-NIR3600型紫外-可见分光光度计研究了溅射时间对薄膜结构、表面形貌及光电性能的影响.结果表明,溅射时间为40 min时制备的GZO薄膜的光电综合性能最好,可见光区透过率峰值86％,方阻为16.4Ω/□,电阻率为1.18 ×10-3Ω·cm,性能指数ΦTc为4.73 ×10-3 Ω-1;随着溅射时间增加,薄膜光学带系从3.69 eV减少到3.56 eV.在溅射时间60 min时结晶度最高,方块电阻为9.0Ω/□,电阻率最低为9.7×10-4 Ω·cm,可见光透过率峰值为81％.     

薄膜厚度对AZO薄膜光电性能的影响

通过射频磁控溅射技术在玻璃衬底上制备AZO薄膜,研究膜层厚度对AZO薄膜光电特性的影响。发现随着膜层厚度的增加,AZO薄膜在可见光区的平均透射率略微增长,而方块电阻和电阻率却显著递减,导致其品质因子随厚度增加而增加。在薄膜厚度为395 nm时,获得电阻率为3.24×10-3Ωcm,可见光区平均透射率为85.52%,品质因子为25.52×10-4Ω-1的光电性能良好的透明导电薄膜。本文制备的薄膜具有较优的透明导电性,可以广泛应用于太阳能电池、平板显示器等光电领域。     

喷雾热解法制备SnO2:Sb透明导电薄膜

采用喷雾热解技术制备出了光电性能优良的SnO_2:Sb透明导电薄膜,对薄膜的结构特性、光电性质以及制备条件对薄膜性能的影响进行了研究。并进一步研究了喷雾热解法中薄膜的形成过程和工艺参数对薄膜微观结构和性能的影响。实验结果表明:在Sb掺杂量为11％(摩尔分数)和基板温度为500℃的条件下,SnO_2:Sb薄膜具有最佳的光电性能,平均可见光透过率为82％,方块电阻达13.4Ω/□,电阻率为4.9×10~(-4)Ω·cm。     

铝掺杂氧化锌纳米粉末制备及其对PET的抗静电改性

采用化学共沉淀法制备了不同含量的Al单元掺杂氧化锌(AZO)纳米粉体,并将自制的纳米AZO粉末用于聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)制备,以提高PET的抗静电性能。利用X射线行射、扫描电子显微镜、热重分析、表面电阻测试仪等测试手段,探究了Al单元掺杂对AZO粉体结构、形貌及电性能的影响。在PET制备过程中加入AZO,探究AZO对PET抗静电性能的影响。结果表明：所制备的AZO纳米粉体为结晶度良好的六方纤锌矿结构。Al掺杂浓度影响AZO粉体形貌、晶体结构及电性能。随着Al掺杂浓度的增加,粉体的结晶质量降低,电性能先变好后变差,粉体尺寸变大,出现团聚、结块现象。适度的Al掺杂可使AZO电阻率达到最低,改善AZO的导电性能。在Al掺杂浓度为2%时,AZO纳米粉体的电性能最佳,电阻率为5.3×10⁴Ω/m²。使用制备的AZO纳米粉末作为导电填料能有效改善PET的抗静电性能,降低PET/AZO复合材料的表面电阻率,使材料由绝缘体转变为静电耗散体,抗静电性能增强。AZO填充量在0.005%时复合材料的表面电阻率最低,为1.16×10¹⁰Ω...     

掺锡量对溶胶-凝胶法制备ITO薄膜性能的影响

本文以InCl3.4H2O和SnCl4.5H2O为前驱物,利用溶胶-凝胶法在玻璃载片上旋转涂膜制备掺锡氧化铟透明导电薄膜(ITO薄膜)。采用了紫外-可见光分光光度计、四探针测试仪、X-射线衍射仪和扫描电镜等对ITO薄膜的透射率、方块电阻、物相组分和结构形貌进行测量与表征。研究了掺锡浓度对ITO薄膜的光电特性的影响。实验结果显示:ITO薄膜的光电特性与掺锡浓度有关,在掺杂溶度为12wt%时,制备出的ITO薄膜最低方块电阻为124Ω/□,最高透射率为92.85%。     

激光辐照对Ag/AZO双层复合透明导电薄膜性能的影响

通过磁控溅射在掺铝氧化锌(AZO)透明导电玻璃表面沉积了10 nm厚的Ag层,得到Ag/AZO双层复合透明导电薄膜,然后利用532纳秒脉冲激光器对其进行辐照处理。考察了激光能量密度对薄膜形貌、结构及综合光电性能的影响。考察了激光辐照处理后Ag/AZO双层复合透明导电薄膜的方块电阻、透光率、反射率及品质因子,并通过扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪分析了它们的表面形貌和晶体结构。结果表明,当激光能量密度为0.6 J/cm~2时,薄膜的方块电阻为9.26Ω,在400～800 nm波段的平均透光率为88.38%,平均反射率为11.69%,品质因子为3.14×10~(-2) Ω~(-1),表现出最优的综合光电性能。     

利用溶胶-凝胶法制备SnO_2:P透明导电薄膜的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法制备SnO_2:P透明导电薄膜;探讨P掺杂量、热处理温度、镀膜次数等的对薄膜结构和光电性能的影响。结果表明:SnO_2:P薄膜保持四方金红石结构,随着P掺杂量、热处理温度和镀膜次数的增加,方块电阻先下降后上升;提高热处理温度,可以提高薄膜平整度和致密度;采用提拉法在P/Sn摩尔比为2%时,热处理温度为450℃,镀膜次数为14次时,SnO_2:P薄膜性能最佳,方块电阻为8.9 KΩ/□,可见光平均透过率约为95%;采用旋涂法在P/Sn摩尔比为2%时,热处理温度为450℃,镀膜次数为6次时,方块电阻为4.3 KΩ/□;在相同条件下,采用提拉法制备薄膜光透过率明显高于旋涂法。     

氢气掺杂对低温沉积ITO性能的影响

低温沉积具有优异光电性能的ITO一直是道难题。本文采用掺杂H₂的方式,利用磁控溅射设备室温制备了ITO导电膜,并通过分光光度计、四探针测试仪、台阶仪等对样品进行表征,研究了不同H₂掺杂量对薄膜光学、电学、附着力的影响。结果表明,适量的H₂掺杂可以在保证较高透过率的基础上,降低薄膜的电阻率,同时,增加膜层的附着力,可以获得透光度75.1%、方块电阻12欧姆、电阻率6.3×10^-4Ω·cm的膜层。     

模拟浮法玻璃在线CVD制备SnO2∶Sb薄膜及其性能研究

利用模拟在线CVD镀膜的实验设备,通过改变原料参数而在玻璃表面制备了ATO系列薄膜样品,并通过紫外-可见-近红外分光光度计、XRD、SEM及方块电阻计等测试手段研究参数变化对膜层结构与性能的影响.结果表明:不同工艺参数下,所制备的薄膜均为四方相金红石型结构;当Sb掺杂量为3wt％,Sn/H2O摩尔比为2∶1时,制备出的薄膜样品性能表现为:可见光透过率为79.25％;方块电阻为20 Ω·口-1;遮蔽系数为0.66,其在保证良好采光的同时具备一定遮阳及低辐射性能,可满足市场需求.     

铝型材仿不锈钢电解着色工艺

采用二步电解着色法在铝型材上获得色泽均匀的仿不锈钢色，性能测试结果表明该着色膜具有良好的耐磨耐蚀性。     

Al2O歧化法制备微细Al2O3/Al复合粉体

真空条件下,以Al2O3和Al为原料,通过Al2O歧化法制备微细Al2O3/Al复合粉体.XRD和SEM分析表明:在反应温度为1200～1400℃时,随着温度的升高,粉体中氧化铝含量升高;冷凝温度约为550～750℃时,复合粉体中的氧化铝包括稳定晶型和不稳定晶型;冷凝温度约为1100～1300℃时,复合粉体中的氧化铝全部为稳定晶型;冷凝温度约为550～650℃时,复合粉体的平均粒径小于0.5μm;冷凝温度约为750℃时,铝熔化、微粒团聚;冷凝温度约为1100～1200℃时,铝形成铝珠,氧化铝为不规则状、平均粒径小于2μm;冷凝温度约为1300℃时,氧化铝为片状.因此,通过选取合适的反应温度、冷凝温度,可以控制Al2O3/Al复合粉体中氧化铝的含量、晶型和粒径.     

Combustion of Al–Al2O3 mixtures in air

An experimental study on the aluminum oxynitride and aluminum nitride formation by combustion of mixtures of micron-sized aluminum powder (average particle diameter a_s ∼9.0 μm) and alumina nanopowder (a_s ∼0.05 μm) of the fixed mass (∼10 g) and different mass ratios (Al/γ-Al₂O₃ = 0.1–19.0) in air is reported. The formation of aluminum oxynitride (Al₃O₃N) and aluminum nitride during the combustion of powdery aluminum-based mixtures in air is discussed in this study. The combustion synthesis of Al₃O₃N and AlN was carried out in self-sustaining way. XPS-FESEM, XRD and chemical analysis were executed on final products of synthesis. The combustion process was also recorded by a video-camera. It was found that powdery mixtures, ignited by local heating, burned in one- or two-stage self-propagating regime. The combustion regime is different for different initial mass ratios Al/γ-Al₂O₃ and mainly depends on the content of fuel (aluminum powder) in mixture.     

Electrochemical analysis of zincate treatments for Al and Al alloy films

Electrochemical behavior of Al and Al alloy films in zincate solution was investigated to elucidate the effect of the zincate pretreatment for electroless NiP deposition, which is used for under bump metallization for LSI interconnects. The immersion potential for AlCu and AlSiCu, immediately reached to constant, which was almost equal potential to zinc reference electrode. The corrosion current for the AlCu and AlSiCu films was larger than that of the Al and AlSi films in the zincate solution. It was also confirmed that the deposited Zn at the surface of AlCu and AlSiCu films possessed smaller grain size and larger amount of nucleation, resulted in the formation of flat NiP films.     

铝材化学氧化

近年来随着我国电子通讯工业的发展 ,铝及其合金的表面加工量也随之增加 ,铝材产品需要进行化学氧化 (其中很多为导电氧化 )。同时对质量要求也越来越高。我们想通过近三年来在铝化学氧化中的情况和生产经验作一个总结 ,供电镀界同仁互相探讨 ,共同提高。众所周知 ,铝化学氧化是指在一定的温度下 ,使铝表面与溶液通过化学作用 ,形成一层致密氧化膜。化学氧化按其溶液的性质又可分为碱性和酸性两类。我厂采用酸性氧化液进行化学氧化。1　工艺流程化学除油碱腐蚀 (去氧化皮 )清洗双酸出光清洗化学氧化清洗浸热水 (5 0～ 6 0℃ )冷风或热风吹干…     

Effect of cryolite on formation of Al2O3/Al composites produced by oxidation of molten Al–Mg alloy

Abstract

The oxidation of molten Al–5 wt-%Mg and Al–5 wt-%Mg–0·5 wt-%cryolite (Na₃AlF₆) has been investigated by carrying out crucible corrosion tests under thermal gradient conditions. Two morphologies of Al₂O₃/Al composite were observed: ‘large balls’ in the absence of cryolite; and small mushrooms in the presence of this salt. Microstructural analysis and thermogravimetric measurements were also carried out to study the effect of cryolite on the oxidation mechanism. The results showed that both composite morphologies are the result of the same directed metal oxidation (DIMOX) process (DIMOX is a trademark of Lanxide Corporation, Newark, DE). Thermogravimetric analysis also confirmed that two morphologies formed under different oxidation kinetic conditions.     

Al_2O_3/Al复合材料的制备及性能研究

本文采用液相法和热压烧结制备出Al203／Al复合材料,并利用DSC／TG、SEM、显维硬度计及万能试验机测试研究了复合材料的热学性能、微观结构及力学性能。结果表明,引入Al后复合陶瓷的断裂韧性有显著提高。     

Electrochemical Behaviour of Al, Al—In and Al–Ga–In Alloys in Chloride Solutions Containing Zinc Ions

The electrochemical behaviour of Al, Al—In and Al–Ga–In alloys in 0.6 m NaCl solutions with and without Zn²⁺ was investigated. The study was performed by means of open circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization, potentiostatic current-time and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements as well as by SEM-EDAX examination. It was found that the Al—In alloy exhibits the highest negative open circuit potential in 0.6 m NaCl and the corrosion resistance of the tested electrodes decreases in the following order: Al > Al–Ga–In > Al—In. The greater activity of the Al—In alloy was interpreted on the basis of the autocatalytic attack by indium. The potentiostatic current–time measurements in Zn²⁺ containing electrolyte at potentials above the pitting potential revealed that Zn²⁺ has an insignificant influence on the Al electrode, while it enhances the corrosion of the Al–Ga–In alloy and improves the attack morphology of the Al—In alloy. Furthermore, the impedance spectra recorded under open circuit conditions showed a decrease in the polarization resistance of Al—In and Al–Ga–In alloys in presence of Zn²⁺ indicating the activating effect of Zn²⁺ ions.     

Preparation of Pd/Al2O3/Al catalysts for CO removal

Aluminum was carefully anodized, then palladium salts were supported on its A1₂O₃ surface layer by ion-exchange. CO 3.76 vol% contained in the air can be eliminated at around 200 °C. Both anodization conditions and the nature of the precursor solutions affect catalyst nature, particularly the pH value of the precursor solutions. The pH value of the solution suitable for supporting active components is 5–6. Palladium, which is present as Pd²⁺ and Pd⁴⁺ after calcination,distributes uniformly on the support surface which had a honeycomb structure.     

Electrochemical properties of Al and Al alloys relevant to corrosion protection in seawater environments

A series of electrochemical experiments on Al alloys were undertaken to determine their optimum protection potentials in seawater. With 1050 and 5456 alloys, passive films form during anodic polarization but are destroyed by the Cl in seawater, only to regrow as a result of the self-healing capacity of aluminum. The current density of 5456 Al alloy proved to be lower than that of 1050 as a whole. Any shift to more anodic or cathodic conditions in the potential range of-1.5∼-0.68 V resulted in a sudden increase in current density. Current densities in the high-strength 7075 Al alloy showed the greatest values. In contrast, the current densities of 5456 alloy, known to have excellent corrosion resistance in seawater, were the lowest in the range of -0.70∼-1.3 V, and we concluded that this potential range offered optimal protection.