塑钢纤维轻骨料混凝土轴心受压应力-应变全曲线试验研究

通过研究不同水胶比、塑钢纤维掺量和轻骨料种类对塑钢纤维轻骨料混凝土应力-应变全曲线影响,得到了各影响因素对全曲线的影响规律.研究结果表明:随着水胶比的增大,塑钢纤维轻骨料混凝土轴心受压应力-应变曲线的峰值应力有不同程度的降低,但峰值应变稍微增大,韧性和延性有所提高;而塑钢纤维轻骨料混凝土轴心抗压强度随着塑钢纤维掺量的增加先增大后减小,其随着筒压强度的提高峰值应力呈增大趋势.     

不同水胶比的塑钢纤维橡胶混凝土力学性能研究

在水胶比分别为0.36、0.42、0.48的情况下,分别对普通混凝土、橡胶混凝土、塑钢纤维橡胶混凝土进行了抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度、抗折强度等力学性能的试验研究.试验结果表明:掺入橡胶颗粒后,混凝土强度有所降低,塑钢纤维有助于提高橡胶混凝土的抗压强度.相同水胶比下,塑钢纤维对橡胶混凝土的抗折强度和抗拉强度的提高作用明显,折压比和拉压比均呈现先增大后减小趋势,塑钢纤维掺量宜控制在6 ～8 kg/m3之间.     

DIC技术分析玄武岩纤维混凝土单轴受压应力应变曲线研究

基于DIC技术对玄武岩纤维混凝土在单轴受压过程中的全场位移和应变进行采集,分析混凝土在不同纤维掺量、不同受力阶段下应变云图的变化特征和变形参数的变化规律,并拟合出玄武岩纤维混凝土单轴受压的应力应变曲线.结果 表明:掺入玄武岩纤维可减小混凝土的变形,0.2％纤维掺量的混凝土整体变形性能更好.不同玄武岩纤维掺量混凝土的应力-应变曲线上升段几乎重合,下降段表现出不同的变形性能.掺入纤维可以降低峰值应变到极限应变下降斜率,掺入0.2％玄武岩纤维更有利于提高本试验条件下混凝土的延性性能.     

钢管约束超高性能混凝土受压本构模型EI北大核心CSCD

为了研究钢管约束超高性能混凝土(UHPC)本构模型,对42根约束UHPC试件和3根无约束UHPC试件进行了轴心受压试验,考察了UHPC受约束后的破坏形态和应力-应变全曲线,分析了钢纤维掺量与长径比、聚丙烯纤维掺量与长径比以及钢管厚度对应力-应变全曲线的影响规律。结果表明:钢管厚度为主要影响因素,可显著提高UHPC峰值应力与应变;混杂纤维能提高约束UHPC峰值应力与应变,其中,钢纤维掺量的影响较为明显,在聚丙烯纤维掺量适宜时,随钢纤维掺量增加,约束UHPC峰值应力增加,峰值应变先减小后增加。基于实测的约束UHPC应力-应变典型曲线,建立了相应的本构模型。     

钢管约束超高性能混凝土受压本构模型

为了研究钢管约束超高性能混凝土(UHPC)本构模型,对42根约束UHPC试件和3根无约束UHPC试件进行了轴心受压试验,考察了UHPC受约束后的破坏形态和应力-应变全曲线,分析了钢纤维掺量与长径比、聚丙烯纤维掺量与长径比以及钢管厚度对应力-应变全曲线的影响规律。结果表明:钢管厚度为主要影响因素,可显著提高UHPC峰值应力与应变;混杂纤维能提高约束UHPC峰值应力与应变,其中,钢纤维掺量的影响较为明显,在聚丙烯纤维掺量适宜时,随钢纤维掺量增加,约束UHPC峰值应力增加,峰值应变先减小后增加。基于实测的约束UHPC应力-应变典型曲线,建立了相应的本构模型。     

纤维掺量对PVA纤维混凝土力学参数的影响及压缩韧性指标的计算方法

通过聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维混凝土的力学试验,研究纤维掺量对于混凝土破坏形态、峰值应力、峰值应变、抗折强度以及折压比的影响,依据单轴抗压应力-应变曲线,提出一种适用于普通C40纤维混凝土的压缩韧性指标计算方法,并采用拟合法,建立了损伤变量服从对数正态分布的损伤本构方程.分析表明:由于纤维的桥接作用,纤维混凝土呈现“裂而不碎”的特征,与素混凝土存在较大差异;随着PVA纤维掺量的增加,混凝土的峰值强度、抗折强度和折压比呈现先增加后降低的趋势,峰值应变则持续增长,压缩韧性指数随着PVA纤维掺量的增加提高明显,综合考虑力学性能影响,建议的工程最佳纤维掺量为0.2％(体积分数).根据试验曲线拟合对比,对数正态分布损伤本构方程优于Weibull分布的损伤本构方程,误差更小,充分反映了PVA纤维掺量对峰后力学特性的影响规律,而且能反映纤维掺入量引起的损伤性质突变现象,对工程优化设计具有重要参考价值.     

不同水胶比的橡胶混凝土低温力学性能试验研究

在3种水胶比0.35、0.40、0.45下,分别配制含4种橡胶掺量的混凝土,在低温-30 ℃、常温20 ℃和0 ℃进行立方体抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度试验研究.结果表明,低温条件下,不同水胶比的橡胶混凝土抗压和抗拉强度均有所提高,但强度变化有明显差异,水胶比越大,受低温的影响程度越显著.在0 ℃时,基准混凝土的强度较常温略有下降,随着橡胶掺量的增加,强度由减小转变为增大趋势.低温-30 ℃时,水胶比为0.35时,橡胶混凝土力学性能相对优越.     

耐碱玻璃纤维混凝土复合弹性模量本构模型及其试验

为研究耐碱玻璃纤维掺量对混凝土弹性模量理论值的影响,基于复合材料理论和力学平衡方程,对弹性模量理论本构方程进行推导,提出单轴拉伸下耐碱玻璃纤维混凝土弹性模量表达式,采用室内单轴拉伸试验,进行0.5％、1.0％、1.5％等不同纤维含量混凝土试验,得到应力-应变试验曲线.对弹性模量理论值与试验曲线所得值进行分析,并拟合验证.结果 表明,理论曲线和实验数据拟合性较好,拟合相关系数均达到了0.95以上.因此,所构建的本构方程能够揭示耐碱玻璃纤维混凝土材料宏观应力-应变曲线变化规律,为实际混凝土工程计算提供理论支撑.     

塑钢纤维掺量对钢筋与轻骨料混凝土粘结作用的影响

通过对钢筋与轻骨料混凝土进行拔出试验,探究塑钢纤维掺量对钢筋与轻骨料混凝土粘结作用的影响.以τ-s曲线描述试件粘结滑移的过程,用相对粘结强度衡量塑钢纤维掺量的影响作用,引入粘结韧性来分析塑钢纤维在试件粘结滑移过程中约束与耗能作用.结果表明:试件的破坏形态随纤维掺量的增加由劈裂破坏变为拔出破坏;钢筋的平均极限粘结强度τu、峰值滑移量su随纤维掺量的增加而增大;根据试验数据拟合出了相对粘结强度与塑钢纤维掺量的经验公式,可为工程设计提供参考;粘结韧性随纤维掺量的增加而提高,约束与耗能作用明显增强,但本试验塑钢纤维掺量超过6 kg/m3后,韧性虽继续增长,但韧性增幅却呈下降趋势.     

废玻璃粉混凝土力学性能试验研究

针对废玻璃混凝土的研究现状及应用前景,以废玻璃粉的掺量、水胶比、砂率及粒度为变化参数进行了正交试验,并根据正交试验确定的结果进行了进一步试验.研究了四因素不同水平对废玻璃粉混凝土抗压强度的影响规律,探讨了废玻璃粉混凝土应力应变关系,建立了废玻璃粉混凝土立方体抗压强度与轴压强度相关关系式.试验结果表明,水胶比及废玻璃粉掺量是影响废玻璃粉混凝土抗压强度的主要因素.不同颜色废玻璃粉混凝土的抗压强度及应力应变关系的差异不是很明显.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.