热喷涂技术的发展和应用

介绍了热喷涂技术的工艺特点.对超音速火焰喷涂、超音速等离子喷涂、激光喷涂、反应热喷涂和冷喷涂等5种不同的热喷涂工艺的优缺点进行了分析.总结了热喷涂技术的应用状况.探讨了新工艺、新材料在热喷涂技术中的应用前景.     

等离子喷涂陶瓷涂层综述

本文综述了利用等离子技术喷涂高性能陶瓷涂层的技术特点和应用情况以及几种热点陶瓷涂层的特性,指出了等离子技术喷涂陶瓷涂层中存在的问题,分析了可行的解决方法。     

水稳等离子喷涂（WSP）的特点与应用

水稳等离子喷涂是占据重要地位的气稳等离子喷涂的另一种选择，它具有功率大，成本低，喷涂速度高等突出的优点，在热喷涂技术向大产值和大批量迈进的形势下，这项技术开始受到更多的重视和应用。北京廊桥表面技术有限公司贾鹏先生在本文中从水稳等离子喷涂的工作原理及其特点、应用方面等了详尽的阐述。     

等离子喷涂陶瓷涂层的现状与应用

本文综述了陶瓷涂层的等离子喷涂制备方法、工艺特点以及陶瓷涂层在各领域中的应用,介绍了目前常用的等离子喷涂陶瓷材料,并对等离子喷涂陶瓷涂层的发展趋势进行了展望.     

等离子喷涂陶瓷涂层的界面研究

介绍了等离子喷涂陶瓷涂层的界面特征,综述了等离子喷涂涂层的界面物理化学特性,在此基础上总结提出涂层界面设计与控制的几个先进途径,并探讨了等离子喷涂陶瓷涂层的界面研究的重点与难点问题.     

超音速等离子喷涂制备陶瓷涂层的研究进展

超音速等离子喷涂技术由于具有高温、高速的独特优点,且制备的陶瓷涂层结合强度和致密度高,孔隙率低,具有优良的耐磨损、耐腐蚀、抗氧化和热冲击性能,已成为一些发达国家竞相研究的热点.本文介绍了常用的陶瓷涂层材料,综述了超音速等离子喷涂技术及其制备陶瓷涂层的工艺特点,并对超音速等离子喷涂制备高性能陶瓷涂层的发展趋势进行了展望.     

等离子喷涂氧化锆涂层封孔处理的研究现状

等离子喷涂技术具有生产效率高、制备涂层质量好、喷涂材料范围广、成本低等优点,因此近年来其技术和生产应用发展迅猛。等离子喷涂氧化锆涂层是一种性能优异的热障涂层,具有优良的耐高温、防腐蚀、高化学稳定性、高硬度等特点,因此被广泛应用于航空、航天或柴油机燃烧室等高温、强腐蚀的工作环境中,可有效地保护金属基体,起到防腐耐蚀的作用。     

等离子喷涂技术的新进展

近年来等离子喷涂设备在自动控制和硬件装备上取得了显著的进步,从而带动了涂层的开发和应用新发展,本文简要介绍了近十搂一在等离子喷涂装备和功能方面的新进展。列举了涂层应用的实例,着重介绍了等离子涂层在内燃机上的应用。     

我国汽车部件等离子喷涂涂层研究及应用进展

结合汽车耐损、腐蚀和表面抗氧化要求,对采用等离子喷涂涂层进行修复再制造和强化的汽车部位的实践进行了总结。重点介绍等离子喷涂技术在汽车发动机上的实践应用,并针对汽车零部件等离子喷涂涂层应用现状提出了相应改进方法。     

激光重熔处理等离子喷涂陶瓷涂层的研究现状及展望

本文介绍了激光重熔等离子喷涂陶瓷涂层的研究进展,并对其进行了展望。激光重熔使等离子喷涂涂层致密性提高,涂层与基体的结合方式由机械结合为主改为冶金结合为主,层状组织变化为柱状组织;激光重熔使等离子喷涂涂层的热疲劳抗力、耐蚀性、耐磨性、抗高温氧化性等性能提高。指出了激光重熔等离子喷涂陶瓷涂层目前存在的问题,探讨了激光重熔等离子喷涂陶瓷涂层易产生裂纹,甚至发生涂层剥落等问题的原因,提出了激光重熔技术的研究方向。     

添加剂对等离子喷涂涂层性能的影响

利用等离子喷涂工艺制备涂层材料可以通过调节喷涂工艺参数来提高材料的性能,也可以通过少量助剂改善材料的内部组织结构,使涂层材料的物理及力学性能更加优良.本实验结果表明:通过调节添加剂SiO2的含量,可有效提高ZrO2陶瓷涂层材料的密度和韧性,降低涂层材料的气孔率,对抗弯强度的影响不大.     

A comparative study on the synthesis and properties of suspension and solution precursor plasma sprayed hydroxyapatite coatings

In the present study, hydroxyapatite (HAp) coatings were deposited on Ti-6Al-4V alloy by solution precursor plasma spray (SPPS) and suspension plasma spray (SPS) processes and the properties of the coatings were compared. The feedstock powder for SPS method was prepared by coprecipitation technique and characterized for phase and morphology. The obtained HAp coatings were characterized by X-ray diffractometry, Raman spectroscopy and FT-IR spectroscopy. The biocompatibility of the coatings was evaluated using osteoblast like cells. Both the SPS and SPPS hydroxyapatite coatings exhibited similar crystallinity. Interestingly, the HAp-SPS coating showed marginally higher biocompatibility compared to HAp-SPPS and control samples. The wear and corrosion behavior of these coatings was also studied in Hanks' medium. The hydroxyapatite coating fabricated from SPS technique exhibited better corrosion and wear resistance compared to SPPS coating.     

Metastable Phase Formation in Plasma-Sprayed ZrO2 (Y2O3)–Al2O3

Rapidly solidified ZrO₂ (Y₂O₃)–Al₂O₃ powders were prepared by melting fine-particle aggregates in a high-enthalpy plasma flame and then rapidly quenching them in cold water or on a copper chill plate. To ensure complete melting and homogenization of all the particles before quenching, the water-quenching treatment was often repeated two or even three times. The resulting melt-quenched powders and splats displayed a variety of metastable structures, depending on composition and cooling rate. ZrO₂-rich material developed an extended solid solution phase, whereas eutectic material formed a nanofibrous or amorphous structure. Under high cooling rate conditions, the ZrO₂-rich material developed a nanocomposite structure ( t -ZrO₂+α-Al₂O) directly by melt-quenching, whereas, more typically, such a structure was developed only after postannealing of the as-quenched metastable material.     

Effects of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia on Plasma-Sprayed Hydroxyapatite/Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Composite Coatings

The low bonding strength between hydroxyapatite (HA) and the metal substrate interface of plasma-sprayed HA coating has been a point of potential weakness in its application as a biomedical prosthesis. In the present study, yttria-stabilized (8 wt%) zirconia (YSZ) has been used to enhance the mechanical properties of HA coatings. The effects of YSZ additions (in the range 10–50 wt%) on the phase composition, microstructure, bond strength, elastic modulus, and fracture toughness of plasma-sprayed HA/YSZ composite coatings have been studied. The results indicated that decomposition of HA during plasma spraying was reduced significantly with the addition of zirconia. The higher the zirconia content, the lower the amount of calcium oxide, tricalcium phosphate, and tetracalcium phosphate formed in the coatings. In addition, there was a trace of calcium zirconate formed when less than 30 wt% zirconia was present. A solid solution of HA mixed with YSZ formed during plasma spraying; however, the amount of unmelted particles increased as the zirconia increased. The mechanical properties of the HA/YSZ composite coatings, such as bond strength, elastic modulus, and fracture toughness, increased significantly as the contents of zirconia increased.     

等离子喷涂羟基磷灰石涂层

羟基磷灰石由于具有优良的生物性能，被广泛应用于生物材料领域，而等离子喷涂制备羟基磷灰石涂层是应用最为广泛的制备方法之一。在综合国内外献的基础上，本从羟基磷灰石的本征性能、喷涂工艺的影响、结合强度和梯度涂层等方面进行综述。     

Deformation Mechanisms in Compression-Loaded, Stand-Alone Plasma-Sprayed Alumina Coatings

Cylindrical, stand-alone tubes of plasma-sprayed alumina were tested in compression in the axial direction at room temperature, using strain gauges to monitor axial and circumferential strains. The primary compression-loading profile used was cyclic loading, with monotonically increased peak stresses. Hysteresis was observed in the stress–strain response on unloading, beginning at a peak stress of 50 MPa. The modulus decreased as the maximum applied stress increased. The stress–strain response was only linear at low stresses; the degree of nonlinearity at high stresses scaled with the stress applied. One-hour dwells at constant stress at room temperature revealed a time-dependent strain response. Using transmission electron microscopy and acoustic emission to investigate deformation mechanisms, the stress–strain response was correlated with crack pop-in, growth, and arrest. It is proposed that the numerous defects in plasma-sprayed coatings, including porosity and microcracks, serve as sites for crack nucleation and/or propagation. As these small, nucleated cracks extend under the applied stress, they propagate nearly parallel to the loading direction along interlamellae boundaries. With increasing stress, these cracks ultimately link, resulting in catastrophic failure.     

Review of suspension and solution precursor plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings

As one of the promising methods that can be employed to fabricate high-performance thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), suspension plasma spraying (SPS) or solution precursor plasma spraying (SPPS) has received significant attention in academic research. Enhanced performances have been shown in the SPS-/SPPS-coatings due to their special microstructures, such as uniformly distributed micro-pores, vertical cracks or columnar structures. Since there are more complexities than conventional plasma spraying methods, many works have been devoted to study the mechanism and properties of SPS-/SPPS-coatings during the past decades. In this work, the latest development of SPS or SPPS is reviewed in order to discuss some key issues in terms of preparation of suspension or solution precursor, injection mode of liquid phase, interaction between liquid and plasma jet, microstructure of as-sprayed coatings and corresponding deposition mechanism. Meanwhile, the potential application of SPS or SPPS in some new-type TBCs is introduced at the end of this paper.     

Dielectric properties and vacancy‐like defects in plasma‐sprayed barium titanate

Positron annihilation spectroscopy was employed for investigation of vacancy‐like defects in plasma‐sprayed barium titanate. Defect studies were combined with measurement of dielectric properties of barium titanate coatings. Samples prepared by gas‐stabilized plasma spray (GSP) torch and by plasma torch with the hybrid water‐argon stabilization (WSP‐H) were studied. Processing parameters were selected so that GSP coatings were sprayed in reductive conditions, whereas WSP‐H coatings were prepared in oxidizing environment. As‐sprayed GSP coating is dark, whereas WSP‐H one is light. The dielectric properties of WSP‐H coating are superior to those for GSP one. Defect studies revealed that both GSP and WSP‐H coatings contain titanium vacancies. However, GSP coating contains in addition a considerable concentration of oxygen vacancies. Some fraction of oxygen vacancies in GSP coating is coupled with titanium vacancies forming partial Schottky defect. The structure of WSP‐H coating is less disordered and contains only a low concentration of oxygen vacancies. This is consistent with reductive and oxidizing conditions in GSP and WSP‐H spraying, respectively. Annealing at elevated temperatures in air leads to removal of oxygen vacancies which are filled by oxygen diffusing into the samples.     

Role of Lamellae Morphology on the Microstructural Development and Mechanical Properties of Small-Particle Plasma-Sprayed Alumina

The influence of spray parameters on the microstructure and flexural strength of plasma-sprayed alumina was investigated. Coatings were applied using a small-particle plasma spray (SPPS) method, which is a recently patented process that allows submicrometer-sized powders to be sprayed. Using identical starting powders, coatings that were produced using two distinctly different spray conditions exhibited significant differences in both microstructure and strength. Scanning electron microscopy investigations of single lamellae (or splats) revealed that, for one spray condition, melted alumina particles will splash when they contact the substrate. The morphology of the splats that comprised the subsequent layers of the coating also were highly fragmented and thinner than lamellae formed under "nonsplashing" spray conditions. The surface roughness was strongly dependent on the morphology of the lamellae; increased roughness was noted for fragmented splats. Thick coatings that were comprised of splashed splats developed a unique microstructural feature that was responsible for the observed increase in roughness. These microstructural differences greatly influenced the flexure strength, which varied from 75 ± 21 MPa for the nonsplashing spray condition to 17 ± 2.4 MPa for the "splashing" condition.     

Present status and future prospects of plasma sprayed multilayered thermal barrier coating systems

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) play a pivotal role in protecting the hot structures of modern turbine engines in aerospace as well as utility applications. To meet the increasing efficiency of gas turbine technology, worldwide research is focused on designing new architecture of TBCs. These TBCs are mainly fabricated by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) as it is more economical over the electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) technology. Notably, bi-layered, multi-layered and functionally graded TBC structures are recognized as favorable designs to obtain adequate coating performance and durability. In this regard, an attempt has been made in this article to highlight the structure, characteristics, limitations and future prospects of bi-layered, multi-layered and functionally graded TBC systems fabricated using plasma spraying and its allied techniques like suspension plasma spray (SPS), solution precursor plasma spray (SPPS) and plasma spray –physical vapor deposition (PS-PVD).