共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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搭建设计了太阳能自动跟踪膜蒸馏系统,自制配比苦咸水,在不同膜蒸馏方式下观测膜蒸馏对离子的截留效果,研究了流体温度、流量、真空度以及并联膜组件对真空膜蒸馏过程性能的影响.其次,在不同跟踪方式下对集热器换热性能进行测试,并研究了太阳辐照量对光伏组件的影响.最后,对系统性能随太阳辐照度的变化进行了测试分析.结果表明,膜蒸馏截留率均保持在97%以上;膜通量随温度、真空度的增大而增大,流量对膜通量影响较小;并联膜组件产水量是单支膜组件产水量的2倍.真空集热器与保温水箱的最佳循环流量200 L/h;自动跟踪方式集热量较大;光伏组件的输出功率与太阳辐照度成正比.采用真空式膜蒸馏在自动跟踪方式下,当太阳能集热器面积为1.82 m2,光伏板面积为6.5 m2时,最大膜通量为7.70 kg/(m2·h),膜蒸馏产水量最大为462.27 g/h. 相似文献
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本文以太阳能热利用和蓄能技术为研究背景,提出了一种基于膜蒸馏的太阳能溶液蓄能模式。采用疏水性聚偏氟乙烯中空纤维膜为膜蒸馏材料,基于膜蒸馏常温操作、小温差大传热面积的特点,利用膜材料微观上的高比表面积和单位体积的高接触面积为载体,选取50%溴化锂溶液为工质,以减压膜蒸馏的方式进行溶液浓缩和潜能存储,浓缩后的溶液可作为吸收式热力系统的工质。为此,针对50%的溴化锂溶液进行了减压膜蒸馏实验,对不同溶液温度、溶液流量在不同真空度下进行减压膜蒸馏实验,得到了3组实验数据。根据实验结果,对膜蒸馏式溶液蓄能系统进行分析,结果表明:蓄能密度可以达到245 kJ/kg,单位面积的膜组件可以产生0.27~0.40 kW的蓄能量,膜蒸馏式溶液蓄能为太阳能利用、吸收式热力系统和蓄能技术提供了一种新的应用方法和途径。 相似文献
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PVDF疏水中空纤维膜与组件对真空膜蒸馏性能的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
利用高孔隙率的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)中空纤维疏水膜进行真空膜蒸馏(VMD)脱盐实验.在真空度0.095MPa,盐水温度60℃,流速1.5kg/min的条件下,着重研究了中空纤维膜内径、壁厚,组件长度、装填纤维数目等结构参数对VMD性能的影响.结果表明:组件长度或装填纤维数目增加,组件产水通量明显降低而总产水通量明显提高;中空纤维膜内径对VMD产水通量影响较小,而膜壁厚增加使通量明显降低;用内径1.0mm壁厚0.1mm的膜制成的长度21cm装填纤维50根的膜组件,产水通量达到21.8kg/(m2·h).VMD过程产水的电导率保持在4μS/cm以内,脱盐率达99.99%,受膜、组件结构及操作条件影响很小. 相似文献
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研究聚偏氟乙烯中空纤维膜组件性能参数(高径比、装填封率)对淡化浓盐水真空膜蒸馏(VMD)性能的影响,获得适用于淡化浓盐水VMD过程膜组件制备的优化参数.小试实验研究了膜组件高径比为分别为25∶2、15∶1、35∶2、20∶1、45∶2及装填封率分别为1%、5%、10%条件下的淡化浓盐水真空膜蒸馏性能.在真空膜蒸馏中试试验中,研究膜组件高径比分别为10∶3、70∶9、10∶1,装填封率分别为7.11%、9.48%、14.22%条件下的膜蒸馏性能.结果表明,在同等条件下高径比或装填封率越小时,膜蒸馏的渗透通量越大.淡化浓盐水VMD过程产品水脱盐率均在99.9%以上. 相似文献
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Zanshe Wang Zhaolin Gu Shiyu Feng Yun Li 《International Journal of Refrigeration》2009,32(7):1587-1596
Conventional generator in lithium bromide absorption refrigeration system is too bulky and heavy to be fitted into small scale device, and the temperature of the driving heater in the generator seems much higher than low grade energy such as regenerative energy or waste heat energy. In this paper, desorption of aqueous lithium bromide solution by vacuum membrane distillation process was presented. Hollow fiber membrane module made by polyvinylidene fluoride was used as desorption device of aqueous lithium bromide solution. Influencing factors of feed flux, feed temperature in lumen side and vacuum pressure in shell side were tested and analyzed with orthogonal test. The results showed that permeation flux of water vapor increased with the feed temperature increasing and the feed flux increasing in lumen side, and the permeation flux also went up along with absolute pressure drop in shell side. Feasibility and potential application analysis shows that the temperature of the driving heat was low and the volume and weight of the desorption device was light. In this study, vacuum membrane distillation to the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration system has proved to be an efficient and cheap desorption mode. 相似文献
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用于膜蒸馏苦咸水淡化的PTFE疏水膜实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用目前国内生产的PTFE疏水膜,以自来水、盐水溶液作工质进行了多层并接气隙式膜蒸馏实验,比较了几种膜的分离性能,研究了料液温度、料液流量、浓度对膜渗透通量的影响,各种膜的通量稳定性及污染情况.实验结果表明:4#膜在长期自来水、盐水实验中通量、电导率都较稳定,特别是在后期实验中,通量最大;而孔径大、涂层薄的1#膜在前期实验中通量较大,而随运行时间增长,通量有所下降,特别是盐水实验中,截留率低,电导率高,因此不适合淡化苦咸水用,综合来看4#膜性能较好.实验后各种膜表面的污染情况较严重,都有黄色沉积物. 相似文献
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内部热能回收式多效膜蒸馏用于海水淡化及浓盐水深度浓缩 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用自制的具有高效内部热量回收功能的多效膜蒸馏组件对不同浓度的氯化钠水溶液进行浓缩研究.考察进料温度、浓度、流速对膜通量、造水比和脱盐率的影响.实验结果表明,料液加热温度T3升高时膜通量和造水比随之明显增加,而脱盐率保持不变;料液流速增加使膜通量增加,而造水比随之降低,脱盐率几乎不受影响;随着料液浓度的增加,膜的通量和造水比逐渐降低,脱盐率略微减小但影响很小.当料液中氯化钠浓度较低时,该过程的最大膜通量为6.8L/(m2·h),造水比为12.5;当料液中氯化钠浓度大于15%时,膜通量为5.2 L/(m2·h),造水比为6.2,脱盐率可达99.99%.实验结果表明,多效膜蒸馏技术可有效应用于海水淡化及常规海水淡化过程,例如反渗透和多效蒸发过程所副产浓盐水的深度浓缩和淡水生产. 相似文献
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Mohammad Nasiraee Seyed Mahmoud Mousavi Ehsan Saljoughi Shirin Kiani Kourosh Razmgar 《Advanced Powder Technology》2021,32(5):1463-1471
As an alternative to the energy-intensive evaporation-crystallization method, membrane distillation crystallization (MDC) was applied for the first time to obtain calcium nitrate crystals from its aqueous solution. Calcium nitrate solution was obtained through the reaction between calcium carbonate and nitric acid, and then it was concentrated in the membrane distillation (MD) process and further crystallized. The MD step was conducted using hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/sorbitan trioleate (Span 85) membranes. Span 85 was incorporated into the membrane structure in various concentrations to improve the hydrophobicity of membranes, and the resultant membranes were characterized via different methods. In addition, the resultant calcium nitrate crystals were characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy. The MDC results showed that the optimum amount of Span 85 in the polymeric solution was 4%, which led to the formation of a membrane with higher porosity (67.2%) and water contact angle (95.7°) compared to the neat PVDF membrane. The mentioned membrane exhibited the highest water flux in the MD process compared to the other membranes, and also it produced the highest amount of crystals due to its remarkably better performance in the MD step in terms of feed concentration. 相似文献